如何在列表中找到匹配的元素？

Question

如何返回列表中的匹配元素？ 例如：

def search_closet(items, colour): 
    >>> search_closet(['red summer jacket', 'red shoes', 'green hat'], 'red') 
    ['red summer jacket', 'red shoes'] 
    >>> search_closet(['red shirt', 'green pants'], 'blue') 
    [] 
    >>> search_closet([], 'mauve') 
    [] 

我想这个身体的功能，但它不工作虽然：

result = [] 
for i in items: 
    if i in colour:# problem might be here, but I really have no idea why it doesn't work. 
     result.append[i] 
return result 

Answer 1

您可以使用Python的滤波方法来匹配您正在寻找的子字符串：

filter(lambda x: "red" in x, ['red summer jacket', 'red shoes', 'green hat']) 

文档上的过滤器：

https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#filter

输出：

['red summer jacket', 'red shoes'] 

把它在一种方法：

def search_closet(items, colour): 
    return filter(lambda x: colour in x, items) 

Answer 2

甲list comprehension应该这样做。

def search_closet(items, colour): 
    return [i for i in items if colour in i] 

演示：

search_closet(['red summer jacket', 'red shoes', 'green hat'], 'red') 
search_closet(['red shirt', 'green pants'], 'blue') 
search_closet([], 'mauve') 

输出：

['red summer jacket', 'red shoes'] 
[] 
[] 

要显示与相同颜色的物品或者会不会是同一项目用不同的颜色