as3中的塔防游戏添加敌人

Question

好吧，所以我一直在创建教程的塔防游戏。我完成了教程，它运行良好，但我无法弄清楚如何建立它。所以我从头开始，建造了更多的塔楼和第二个敌人，但问题在于它在第一级工作，但在第二级则没有。我一直在这工作几个小时，我还没有找到任何东西。所以我问，如果有人可以给我一个教程或任何可能对as3阵列和塔防游戏的帮助，它是一种很多代码，所以我现在不会发布它，除非你真的需要它

继承人教程http://www.flashgametuts.com/tutorials/as3/how-to-create-a-tower-defense-game-in-as3-part-1/

stop(); 
//othervariables 
var money:int=100;//how much money the player has to spend on turrets 
var lives:int=20;//how many lives the player has 
//lvlarray 
var S:String = 'START'; 
var F:String = 'FINISH'; 
var U:String = 'UP'; 
var R:String = 'RIGHT'; 
var D:String = 'DOWN'; 
var L:String = 'LEFT'; 

var startDir:String;//the direction the enemies go when they enter 
var finDir:String;//the direction the enemies go when they exit 
var startCoord:int;//the coordinates of the beginning of the road 
var lvlArray:Array = new Array();//this array will hold the formatting of the roads 

lvlArray = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 
      0,0,0,0,R,1,1,D,0,0,R,1,1,D,0,0,R,1,1,D,0,0, 
      0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0, 
      0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0, 
      S,D,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,R,1,F, 
      0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0, 
      0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0, 
      0,R,1,1,U,0,0,R,1,1,U,0,0,R,1,1,U,0,0,0,0,0, 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 
      ]; 
//enemy1array 
var currentLvl:int = 1; 
var gameOver:Boolean = false; 

var currentEnemy:int = 0;//the current enemy that we're creating from the array 
var enemyTime:int = 0;//how many frames have elapsed since the last enemy was created 
var enemyLimit:int = 12;//how many frames are allowed before another enemy is created 
var enemyArray:Array = new Array();//this array will tell the function when to create an enemy 
var enemiesLeft:int;//how many enemies are left on the field 
enemyArray = [//defining the array 
      [2,2,1,1,1],//1's will just represent an enemy to be created 
      [1,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],//another row means another level 
      [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1] 
       ]; 

function startGame():void{//we'll run this function every time a new level begins 
    for(var i:int=0;i<enemyArray[currentLvl-1].length;i++){ 
     if(enemyArray[currentLvl-1][i] == 1){ 
      enemiesLeft ++; 
     } 
    } 
} 
//enemy2array 
var currentEnemy2:int = 0;//the current enemy that we're creating from the array 
var enemy2Time:int = 0;//how many frames have elapsed since the last enemy was created 
var enemy2Limit:int = 15;//how many frames are allowed before another enemy is created 


function start2Game():void{//we'll run this function every time a new level begins 
    for(var i:int=0;i<enemyArray[currentLvl-1].length;i++){ 
     if(enemyArray[currentLvl-1][i] == 1){ 
      enemiesLeft ++; 
     } 
    } 
} 
//lvlcreate 
var roadHolder:Sprite = new Sprite();//create an object that will hold all parts of the road 
addChild(roadHolder);//add it to the stage 
function makeRoad():void{ 
    var row:int = 0;//the current row we're working on 
    var block;//this will act as the block that we're placing down 
    for(var i:int=0;i<lvlArray.length;i++){//creating a loop that'll go through the level array 
     if(lvlArray[i] == 0){//if the current index is set to 0 
      block = new EmptyBlock();//create a gray empty block 
      block.graphics.beginFill(0x333333); 
      block.graphics.drawRect(0,0,25,25); 
      block.graphics.endFill(); 
      addChild(block); 
      //and set the coordinates to be relative to the place in the array 
      block.x= (i-row*22)*25; 
      block.y = row*25; 
     } else if(lvlArray[i] == 1){//if there is supposed to be a row 
      //just add a box that will be a darker color and won't have any actions 
      block = new Shape(); 
      block.graphics.beginFill(0x111111); 
      block.graphics.drawRect(0,0,25,25); 
      block.graphics.endFill();  
      block.x= (i-row*22)*25; 
      block.y = row*25; 
      roadHolder.addChild(block);//add it to the roadHolder 
     } else if(lvlArray[i] is String){//if it's a string, meaning a special block 
      //then create a special block 
      block = new DirectBlock(lvlArray[i],(i-row*22)*25,row*25); 
      addChild(block); 
     } 
     for(var c:int = 1;c<=16;c++){ 
      if(i == c*22-1){ 
       //if 22 columns have gone by, then we move onto the next row 
       row++; 
      } 
     } 
    } 
} 
//towers 
function makeTurret(xValue:int,yValue:int):void{//this will need to be told the x and y values 
    var turret:Turret = new Turret();//creating a variable to hold the Turret 
    //changing the coordinates 
    turret.x = xValue+12.5; 
    turret.y = yValue+12.5; 
    addChild(turret);//add it to the stage 
} 

function makeTurret2(xValue:int,yValue:int):void{//this will need to be told the x and y values 
    var turret2:Turret2 = new Turret2();//creating a variable to hold the Turrettwo 
    //changing the coordinates 
    turret2.x = xValue+12.5; 
    turret2.y = yValue+12.5; 
    addChild(turret2);//add it to the stage 
} 
//enemy1 
addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, eFrame);//adding an eFrame function 
function eFrame(e:Event):void{ 
    //if there aren't any levels left 
if(currentLvl > enemyArray.length){ 
    gameOver=true;//set the game to be over 

    //reset all the stats 
    currentLvl = 1; 
    currentEnemy = 0; 
    enemyTime = 0; 
    enemyLimit = 12; 
    enemiesLeft = 0; 

    removeEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, eFrame);//remove this listener 
    removeChild(roadHolder);//remove the pieces of road 
    gotoAndStop('win');//go to the win frame 
} 
if(lives<=0){//if the user runs out of lives 
    gameOver=true;//set the game to be over 

    //reset all the stats 
    currentLvl = 1; 
    currentEnemy = 0; 
    enemyTime = 0; 
    enemyLimit = 12; 
    enemiesLeft = 0; 

    removeEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, eFrame);//remove this listener 
    removeChild(roadHolder);//remove the pieces of road 
    gotoAndStop('lose');//go to the lose frame 
} 
    makeEnemies();//we'll just make some enemies 
    if(enemiesLeft==0){//if there are no more enemies left 
    currentLvl ++;//continue to the next level 
    currentEnemy = 0;//reset the amount of enemies there are 
    start2Game(); 
    startGame();//restart the game 
} 
//Updating the text fields 
txtLevel.text = 'Level '+currentLvl; 
txtMoney.text = '$'+money; 
txtLives.text = 'Lives: '+lives; 
txtEnemiesLeft.text = 'Enemies Left: '+enemiesLeft; 

} 

function makeEnemies():void{//this function will add enemies to the field 
    if(enemyTime < enemyLimit){//if it isn't time to make them yet 
     enemyTime ++;//then keep on waiting 
    } else {//otherwise 
     var theCode:int = enemyArray[currentLvl-1][currentEnemy];//get the code from the array 
     if(theCode == 2){//if it's set as 1 
      var newEnemy:Enemy = new Enemy();//then create a new enemy 
      enemyHolder.addChild(newEnemy);//and add it to the enemyholder 
     } 
     currentEnemy ++;//move on to the next enemy 
     enemyTime = 0;//and reset the time 
    } 
} 
//enemy2 
addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, e2Frame);//adding an eFrame function 
function e2Frame(e:Event):void{ 
    //if there aren't any levels left 
if(currentLvl > enemyArray.length){ 
    gameOver=true;//set the game to be over 

    //reset all the stats 
    currentLvl = 1; 
    currentEnemy2 = 0; 
    enemy2Time = 0; 
    enemy2Limit = 12; 
    enemiesLeft = 0; 

    removeEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, eFrame);//remove this listener 
    removeChild(roadHolder);//remove the pieces of road 
    gotoAndStop('win');//go to the win frame 
} 
if(lives<=0){//if the user runs out of lives 
    gameOver=true;//set the game to be over 

    //reset all the stats 
    currentLvl = 1; 
    currentEnemy2 = 0; 
    enemy2Time = 0; 
    enemy2Limit = 12; 
    enemiesLeft = 0; 

    removeEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, e2Frame);//remove this listener 
    removeChild(roadHolder);//remove the pieces of road 
    gotoAndStop('lose');//go to the lose frame 
} 
    makeEnemies2();//we'll just make some enemies 

    if(enemiesLeft==0){//if there are no more enemies left 
    currentLvl ++;//continue to the next level 
    currentEnemy2 = 0;//reset the amount of enemies there are 
    start2Game(); 
    startGame();//restart the game 
} 
    //Updating the text fields 
txtLevel.text = 'Level '+currentLvl; 
txtMoney.text = '$'+money; 
txtLives.text = 'Lives: '+lives; 
txtEnemiesLeft.text = 'Enemies Left: '+enemiesLeft; 

} 

function makeEnemies2():void{//this function will add enemies to the field 
    if(enemy2Time < enemy2Limit){//if it isn't time to make them yet 
     enemy2Time ++;//then keep on waiting 
    } else {//otherwise 
     var theCode:int = enemyArray[currentLvl-1][currentEnemy2];//get the code from the array 
     if(theCode == 2){//if it's set as 1 
      var newEnemy2:Enemy2 = new Enemy2();//then create a new enemy 
      enemyHolder.addChild(newEnemy2);//and add it to the enemyholder 
     } 
     currentEnemy2 ++;//move on to the next enemy 
     enemy2Time = 0;//and reset the time 
    } 
} 
//other 
//run these functions at the start 
makeRoad(); 
var enemyHolder:Sprite = new Sprite(); 
addChild(enemyHolder); 
startGame(); 
start2Game(); 

Answer 1

您需要创建能够轻松地重置您的游戏状态。删除侦听器（如果使用弱引用，则可能不需要; http://gskinner.com/blog/archives/2006/07/as3_weakly_refe.html），清除数组，删除图形（removeChild）等。将所有内容存储在“level”对象中并在其上具有dispose（）（或类似）函数是一个很好的这样做的方式（如评论中所述）。然后，简单地创建一个新的关卡对象为下一个级别，你很好去:)

Answer 2

我想你遇到的问题是，你没有从层面上正确地删除所有的东西，然后开始下一个级别。

这里是如何的“游戏加载”应该工作：

1. 设置所有游戏的静态资产。 （HUD，瓷砖等）
2. 设置所有塔元素（塔的购买面板）
3. 设置所有敌方元素。 （创建代表 将会产生的敌人的阵列）
4. 继续设置游戏中的所有其他元素。

当他们完成了这个关卡之后，无论是输赢，你应该删除所有在“加载”阶段添加的东西。

这里的想法是，你希望一切都被加载，每一个新的水平，每次你做一个像设计一样的小改变时完全相同的方式。敌人和塔式资产的东西总是以同样的方式加载，所以你需要确保在下一轮开始之前将它们正确地移除，这样当你为这一轮添加它们时，你不会重新添加仍然存在的东西存在于游戏中。

你对一般的游戏设计感到困惑。上面提到的问题只是开始设计游戏时的诸多挑战之一。我建议你阅读一本游戏设计书。我推荐this one。我推荐这样一本书的原因是因为它会引导你浏览游戏设计的概念部分，并让你思考正确。我从这本书中学习了游戏编程，最近编码为Symphonic Tower Defense。