mysql查询时间超过30秒

Question

以下是my-sql命令行中“show full processlist”的输出。此查询会计算指定时间段内用户的总上传和下载带宽。 （数据库来自freeradius）。我怎样才能使查询更快。 [存储器：150G，processr：8周的centos 6.8]

15260415|radiusremote|panel.example.com:57526|radius|Query|35|Copying to tmp table 

SELECT sum(acctinputoctets) as upload,sum(acctoutputoctets) as download 
    FROM radacct a 
    INNER JOIN 
     (SELECT acctuniqueid, MIN(radacctid) radacctid 
      FROM radacct 
      WHERE username='nyjohan' 
       and acctstarttime between '2016-01-15 13:50:05' 
            AND '2016-08-07 13:16:36' 
      GROUP BY acctuniqueid 
     ) b ON a.acctuniqueid = b.acctuniqueid 
      AND a.radacctid = b.radacctid 

有在表上创建索引，下面是索引的上表中的输出

表的

mysql> show index from radacct; 
+---------+------------+-----------------+--------------+-----------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ 
| Table | Non_unique | Key_name  | Seq_in_index | Column_name  | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | 
+---------+------------+-----------------+--------------+-----------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ 
| radacct |   0 | PRIMARY   |   1 | radacctid  | A   | 161791738 |  NULL | NULL |  | BTREE  |   | 
| radacct |   1 | username  |   1 | username  | A   |   15 |  NULL | NULL |  | BTREE  |   | 
| radacct |   1 | framedipaddress |   1 | framedipaddress | A   |  458333 |  NULL | NULL |  | BTREE  |   | 
| radacct |   1 | acctsessionid |   1 | acctsessionid | A   | 161791738 |  NULL | NULL |  | BTREE  |   | 
| radacct |   1 | acctsessiontime |   1 | acctsessiontime | A   |  46332 |  NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE  |   | 
| radacct |   1 | acctuniqueid |   1 | acctuniqueid | A   | 161791738 |  NULL | NULL |  | BTREE  |   | 
| radacct |   1 | acctstarttime |   1 | acctstarttime | A   | 40447934 |  NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE  |   | 
| radacct |   1 | acctstoptime |   1 | acctstoptime | A   | 80895869 |  NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE  |   | 
| radacct |   1 | nasipaddress |   1 | nasipaddress | A   |   15 |  NULL | NULL |  | BTREE  |   | 
+---------+------------+-----------------+--------------+-----------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ 

架构

mysql> describe radacct; 
+----------------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 
| Field    | Type  | Null | Key | Default | Extra   | 
+----------------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 
| radacctid   | bigint(21) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | 
| acctsessionid  | varchar(32) | NO | MUL |   |    | 
| acctuniqueid   | varchar(32) | NO | MUL |   |    | 
| username    | varchar(64) | NO | MUL |   |    | 
| groupname   | varchar(64) | NO |  |   |    | 
| realm    | varchar(64) | YES |  |   |    | 
| nasipaddress   | varchar(15) | NO | MUL |   |    | 
| nasportid   | varchar(15) | YES |  | NULL |    | 
| nasporttype   | varchar(32) | YES |  | NULL |    | 
| acctstarttime  | datetime | YES | MUL | NULL |    | 
| acctstoptime   | datetime | YES | MUL | NULL |    | 
| acctsessiontime  | int(12)  | YES | MUL | NULL |    | 
| acctauthentic  | varchar(32) | YES |  | NULL |    | 
| connectinfo_start | varchar(50) | YES |  | NULL |    | 
| connectinfo_stop  | varchar(50) | YES |  | NULL |    | 
| acctinputoctets  | bigint(20) | YES |  | NULL |    | 
| acctoutputoctets  | bigint(20) | YES |  | NULL |    | 
| calledstationid  | varchar(50) | NO |  |   |    | 
| callingstationid  | varchar(50) | NO |  |   |    | 
| acctterminatecause | varchar(32) | NO |  |   |    | 
| servicetype   | varchar(32) | YES |  | NULL |    | 
| framedprotocol  | varchar(32) | YES |  | NULL |    | 
| framedipaddress  | varchar(15) | NO | MUL |   |    | 
| acctstartdelay  | int(12)  | YES |  | NULL |    | 
| acctstopdelay  | int(12)  | YES |  | NULL |    | 
| xascendsessionsvrkey | varchar(10) | YES |  | NULL |    | 
+----------------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 

说明输出： -

explain SELECT sum(acctinputoctets) as upload,sum(acctoutputoctets) as download 
FROM radacct a 
INNER JOIN (
SELECT acctuniqueid, MIN(radacctid) radacctid 
FROM radacct 
WHERE username='dave137' and acctstarttime between '2016-08-03 00:00:00' and '2016-08-07 14:47:54' GROUP BY acctuniqueid 
)b ON a.acctuniqueid = b.acctuniqueid 
AND a.radacctid = b.radacctid ; 

+----+-------------+------------+--------+------------------------+----------+---------+-------------+-------+----------------------------------------------+ 
| id | select_type | table  | type | possible_keys   | key  | key_len | ref   | rows | Extra          | 
+----+-------------+------------+--------+------------------------+----------+---------+-------------+-------+----------------------------------------------+ 
| 1 | PRIMARY  | <derived2> | ALL | NULL     | NULL  | NULL | NULL  | 10 |            | 
| 1 | PRIMARY  | a   | eq_ref | PRIMARY,acctuniqueid | PRIMARY | 8  | b.radacctid |  1 | Using where         | 
| 2 | DERIVED  | radacct | ref | username,acctstarttime | username | 66  |    | 10164 | Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort | 
+----+-------------+------------+--------+------------------------+----------+---------+-------------+-------+----------------------------------------------+ 
3 rows in set (9.91 sec) 

Answer 1

对于该查询：

SELECT sum(acctinputoctets) as upload,sum(acctoutputoctets) as download 
FROM radacct a INNER JOIN 
    (SELECT acctuniqueid, MIN(radacctid) as radacctid 
     FROM radacct 
     WHERE username = 'dave137' and acctstarttime between '2016-08-03 00:00:00' and '2016-08-07 14:47:54' 
     GROUP BY acctuniqueid 
    ) b 
    ON a.acctuniqueid = b.acctuniqueid AND a.radacctid = b.radacctid ; 

我建议两个指标，一个是已经存在：radacct(radacctid)和radacct(username, acctstarttime, acctuniqueid)。

此外，我将会简化ON子句：

 ON a.radacctid = b.radacctid ; 

radacctid是独一无二的，所以没有必要的另一条件。

Answer 2

对子查询使用JOIN会减慢查询速度，无论索引如何。从我所能看到的，这应该做同样的事情，而不需要做子加入：

SELECT acctinputoctets as upload, acctoutputoctets as download 
FROM radacct a 
WHERE username = 'dave137' 
and acctstarttime between '2016-08-03 00:00:00' and '2016-08-07 14:47:54' 
ORDER BY radacctid 
LIMIT 1