为什么一个字符串压缩方法返回一个空字符串，但另一个不是？

Question

我使用GZipStream来压缩一个字符串，我修改了两个不同的例子来看看有什么作用。第一个代码片段是the example in the documentation的重大修改版本，它只是返回一个空字符串。

public static String CompressStringGzip(String uncompressed) 
{ 
    String compressedString; 
    // Convert the uncompressed source string to a stream stored in memory 
    // and create the MemoryStream that will hold the compressed string 
    using (MemoryStream inStream = new MemoryStream(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(uncompressed)), 
         outStream = new MemoryStream()) 
    { 
     using (GZipStream compress = new GZipStream(outStream, CompressionMode.Compress)) 
     { 
      inStream.CopyTo(compress); 
      StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(outStream); 
      compressedString = reader.ReadToEnd(); 
     } 
    } 
    return compressedString; 

，当我调试它，我能告诉什么是从reader，这是compressedString是空读取。但是，我写的第二种方法，从CodeProject snippet修改成功。

public static String CompressStringGzip3(String uncompressed) 
{ 
    //Transform string to byte array 
    String compressedString; 
    byte[] uncompressedByteArray = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(uncompressed); 

    using (MemoryStream outStream = new MemoryStream()) 
    { 
     using (GZipStream compress = new GZipStream(outStream, CompressionMode.Compress)) 
     { 
      compress.Write(uncompressedByteArray, 0, uncompressedByteArray.Length); 
      compress.Close(); 
     } 
     byte[] compressedByteArray = outStream.ToArray(); 
     StringBuilder compressedStringBuilder = new StringBuilder(compressedByteArray.Length); 
     foreach (byte b in compressedByteArray) 
      compressedStringBuilder.Append((char)b); 
     compressedString = compressedStringBuilder.ToString(); 
    } 
    return compressedString; 
} 

为什么第一个代码段不成功，而另一个是？尽管它们略有不同，但我不知道为什么第二个片段中的细微变化可以让它起作用。我使用的样本串SELECT * FROM foods f WHERE f.name = 'chicken';

Answer 1

我结束了使用下面的代码压缩及解压缩：

public static String Compress(String decompressed) 
{ 
    byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(decompressed); 
    using (var input = new MemoryStream(data)) 
    using (var output = new MemoryStream()) 
    { 
     using (var gzip = new GZipStream(output, CompressionMode.Compress, true)) 
     { 
      input.CopyTo(gzip); 
     } 
     return Convert.ToBase64String(output.ToArray()); 
    } 
} 

public static String Decompress(String compressed) 
{ 
    byte[] data = Convert.FromBase64String(compressed); 
    using (MemoryStream input = new MemoryStream(data)) 
    using (GZipStream gzip = new GZipStream(input, CompressionMode.Decompress)) 
    using (MemoryStream output = new MemoryStream()) 
    { 
     gzip.CopyTo(output); 
     StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 
     return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(output.ToArray()); 

    } 
} 

的解释问题的一部分来自this question。虽然我的代码改变什么，我包括在此回答解决了问题，这些线（在我的原码）：

foreach (byte b in compressedByteArray) 
      compressedStringBuilder.Append((char)b); 

是有问题的，因为dlev贴切的话来说：

You are interpreting each byte as its own character, when in fact that is not the case. Instead, you need the line:

string decoded = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(compressedByteArray); 

The basic problem is that you are converting to a byte array based on an encoding, but then ignoring that encoding when you retrieve the bytes.

因此，问题解决了，我使用的新代码比我原来的代码简洁得多。

Answer 2

你需要以下移动代码的第二using语句外：

using (GZipStream compress = new GZipStream(outStream, CompressionMode.Compress)) 
{ 
    inStream.CopyTo(compress); 
    outStream.Position = 0; 
    StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(outStream); 
    compressedString = reader.ReadToEnd(); 
} 

CopyTo从（）不冲洗，结果到底层的MemoryStream。

更新

似乎GZipStream关闭和处置，当它被设置（不是我会设计类的方式），它的底层流。我已经更新了上面的示例并对其进行了测试。