RSpec：所有测试都失败

Question

我正在关注Michael Hartl的Ruby on Rails教程。我的测试全部通过，直到我迁移数据库并添加了最后2次测试。即使我删除了最近的两个测试，现在所有的测试都失败了，但有些东西已经搞乱了。我不确定我是否在迁移或其他方面犯了一些错误。

这是我使用的：

$ bundle exec rake db:migrate 
$ bundle exec rake db:test:prepare 
$ bundle exec rspec spec/ 

这里的user_spec文件，它完全失败：

require 'spec_helper' 

describe User do 
    before do 
    @user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user@example.com", password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar") 
    end 

    subject { @user } 

    it { should respond_to(:name) } 
    it { should respond_to(:email) } 
    it { should respond_to(:password_digest) } 
    it { should respond_to(:password) } 
    it { should respond_to(:password_confirmation) } 

    it { should be_valid } 

    describe "when name is not present" do 
    before { @user.name = " " } 
    it { should_not be_valid } 
    end 

    describe "when email is not present" do 
    before { @user.email = " "} 
    it { should_not be_valid } 

    end 

    describe "when name is too long" do 
    before { @user.name = "a"*51 } 
    it { should_not be_valid } 
    end 

    describe "when email format is invalid" do 
    it "should be invalid" do 
     addresses = %w[user@foo,com user_at_foo.org example.user@foo. foo@bar_baz.com foo@bar_baz.com] 
     addresses.each do |invalid_address| 
      @user.email = invalid_address 
      @user.should_not be_valid 
     end 
    end 
    end 

    describe "when email format is valid" do 
     it "should be valid" do 
      addresses = %w[user@foo.COM A_US-ER@f.b.org frst.lst@foo.jp a+b@baz.cn] 
       addresses.each do |valid_address| 
        @user.email = valid_address 
        @user.should be_valid 
       end 
      end 
     end 

    describe "when email address is already taken" do 
     before do 
      user_with_same_email = @user.dup 
      user_with_same_email.email = @user.email.upcase 
      user_with_same_email.save 
     end 

     it { should_not be_valid } 
    end 


    describe "when password is not present" do 
     before { @user.password = @user.password_confirmation = " " } 
     it { should_not be_valid } 
    end 

    describe "when password doesn't match confirmation" do 
     before { @user.password_confirmation = "mismatch" } 
     it { should_not be_valid } 
    end 

    describe "when password confirmation is nil" do 
     before { @user.password_confirmation = nil } 
     it { should_not be_valid } 
    end 
end 

这里是迁移文件：

class AddPassswordDigestToUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration 
    def change 
    add_column :users, :password_digest, :string 
    end 
end 

EDIT2 - 我只是从规范的第一行删除password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar"，现在我只能得到5个错误（这是正确的T作为那些与密码应该失败）

EDIT1 - 这里是失败的测试

Running all specs 
Running tests with args ["--drb", "-f", "progress", "-r", "/home/niranjan/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/guard-rspec-1.2.1/lib/guard/rspec/formatters/notification_rspec.rb", "-f", "Guard::RSpec::Formatter::NotificationRSpec", "--out", "/dev/null", "--failure-exit-code", "2", "spec"]... 
..FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF......... 

Failures: 

    1) User 
    Failure/Error: @user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user@example.com", password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar") 
    ActiveRecord::UnknownAttributeError: 
     unknown attribute: password 
    # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:16:in `new' 
    # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:16:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 

    2) User 
    Failure/Error: @user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user@example.com", password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar") 
    ActiveRecord::UnknownAttributeError: 
     unknown attribute: password 
    # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:16:in `new' 
    # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:16:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 

    3) User 
    Failure/Error: @user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user@example.com", password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar") 
    ActiveRecord::UnknownAttributeError: 
     unknown attribute: password 
    # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:16:in `new' 
    # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:16:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 

    4) User 
    Failure/Error: @user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user@example.com", password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar") 
    ActiveRecord::UnknownAttributeError: 
     unknown attribute: password 
    # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:16:in `new' 
    # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:16:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 

....等等

Answer 1

从书：

把一切一起给出了代码清单6.28中的（失败）测试。我们会让他们通过第6.3.4节。

测试应该失败。只要密码实现完成，他们会在教程后面通过。

---

现在，解释为什么他们失败：

你在哪里创建用户（您before块），要传递的password属性的构造线，但该属性没有按现在还没有，所以你的模型抱怨你看到的错误。在教程中，此属性稍后创建。