带嵌套上下文的RSpec电子邮件验证错误

Question

为什么我会收到这些验证错误？ :( 任何想法

这些都是我的验证错误 - 他们都是现已经采取了... 我的错误：

20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | Failures: 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 1) BookmarkImporter should extract all links 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: let(:user) { create(:user) } 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/lib/bookmark_importer_spec.rb:2:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/lib/bookmark_importer_spec.rb:11:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/lib/bookmark_importer_spec.rb:14:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 2) BookmarkImporter should assign bookmarks to the unsorted board of the user 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: let(:user) { create(:user) } 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/lib/bookmark_importer_spec.rb:2:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/lib/bookmark_importer_spec.rb:11:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/lib/bookmark_importer_spec.rb:21:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 3) Board must have a name 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: board = build(:board, :name => "") 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/models/board_spec.rb:5:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 4) Board is destroyable by default 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: board = create(:board) 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/models/board_spec.rb:10:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 5) Bookmark must have a title 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: bookmark = build(:bookmark, :title => "") 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/models/bookmark_spec.rb:10:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 6) Bookmark must have a url 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: bookmark = build(:bookmark, :url => "") 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/models/bookmark_spec.rb:15:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 7) User should have a unsorted board 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: let(:user) { create(:user) } 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:4:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 8) User should not be able to destroy the unsorted board 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: let(:user) { create(:user) } 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:4:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:22:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 9) Bookmarks GET /bookmarks when user is logged in and has no bookmarks, should display a getting started help if the user has no bookmarks 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: page.should have_content("Get started:") 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Capybara::ElementNotFound: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Unable to find xpath "/html" 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # (eval):2:in `text' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:23:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 10) Bookmarks GET /bookmarks when user is logged in and has bookmarks, main page should display the unsorted bookmarks board 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: user = create(:user) 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:14:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:35:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 11) Bookmarks GET /bookmarks when user is logged in and has bookmarks, main page should display all boards 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: user = create(:user) 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:14:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:35:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 12) Bookmarks GET /bookmarks when user is logged in and has bookmarks, main page should have a way to access account settings 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: user = create(:user) 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:14:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:35:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 13) Bookmarks GET /bookmarks when user is logged in and has bookmarks, board should display bookmarks inside 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: user = create(:user) 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:14:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:35:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 14) Bookmarks GET /bookmarks when user is logged in and has bookmarks, board should allow deletion 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: user = create(:user) 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:14:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:35:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 15) Bookmarks GET /bookmarks when user is logged in and has bookmarks, bookmarks should allow deletion 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: user = create(:user) 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:14:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:35:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 16) Bookmarks GET /bookmarks when user is logged in and has bookmarks, bookmarks should allow dragging and dropping between boards 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: user = create(:user) 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:14:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:35:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 17) Bookmarks GET /bookmarks when user is logged in and has bookmarks, archiving should be able to show archive buttons 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: user = create(:user) 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:14:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:35:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:25 guard.1  | 
20:33:26 guard.1  | 18) Bookmarks GET /bookmarks when user is logged in and has bookmarks, archiving should be able to show archived bookmarks 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: user = create(:user) 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:14:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:35:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:26 guard.1  | 
20:33:26 guard.1  | 19) Bookmarks GET /bookmarks when user is logged in and has bookmarks, archiving should hide the bookmark when archived 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: user = create(:user) 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:14:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:35:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:26 guard.1  | 
20:33:26 guard.1  | 20) Bookmarks GET /bookmarks when user is logged in and has bookmarks, archiving should display the bookmark when unarchived 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: user = create(:user) 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:14:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/bookmarks_spec.rb:35:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:26 guard.1  | 
20:33:26 guard.1  | 21) Landing GET/should redirect to bookmarks if user is logged in 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  Failure/Error: user = create(:user) 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken 
20:33:26 guard.1  |  # ./spec/requests/home_spec.rb:9:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>' 
20:33:26 guard.1  | 

我的规格有大量的测试，要注意是让（这似乎是运行一次以上） 我的规格：

require 'spec_helper' 

describe "Bookmarks" do 
    describe "GET /bookmarks" do 
    context "when user is not logged in" do 
     it "should redirect a to home" do 
     get bookmarks_path 
     response.should redirect_to(root_url) 
     end 
    end 

    context "when user is logged in" do 
     let(:user) { 
     user = create(:user) 
     user.confirm! 
     login_as(user, :scope => :user) 
     user 
     } 

     context "and has no bookmarks," do 
     it "should display a getting started help if the user has no bookmarks" do 
      get bookmarks_path 
      page.should have_content("Get started:") 
      page.should have_content("Import bookmarks:") 
      page.should have_content("Drag the bookmarklet:") 
     end 
     end 

     context "and has bookmarks," do 

     before(:all) do 
      bookmark_file = File.open(Rails.root.join("spec", "support", "bookmarks.html")) 

      # the let you defined above for "user" is available here, but it needs to be in an RSpec block 
      BookmarkImporter.new(bookmark_file, user) 
     end 

     describe "main page" do 
      it "should display the unsorted bookmarks board" do 
      visit bookmarks_path 
      page.should have_content("Unsorted") 
      end 

      it "should display all boards" do 
      pending 
      end 

      it "should have a way to access account settings" do 
      pending 
      end 

     end 

     describe "board" do 
      it "should display bookmarks inside" do 
      pending 
      end 

      it "should allow deletion" do 
      pending 
      end 
     end 


     describe "bookmarks" do 
      it "should allow deletion" do 
      pending 
      end 

      it "should allow dragging and dropping between boards" do 
      pending 
      end 
     end 

     describe "archiving" do 
      it "should be able to show archive buttons" do 
      pending 
      end 

      it "should be able to show archived bookmarks" do 
      pending 
      # archived bookmarks should be hidden 
      # archived bookmarks should be hidden and shown after clicking the link 
      end 

      it "should hide the bookmark when archived" do 
      pending 
      end 

      it "should display the bookmark when unarchived" do 
      pending 
      end 
     end 
     end # end user has bookmarks context 
    end #end user logged in context 
    end 
end 

我设置的用户电子邮件是一个序列...所以它不应该得到验证错误... 我工厂：

# Read about factories at http://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl 

FactoryGirl.define do 
    factory :board do 
    name "MyString" 
    user 
    end 

    factory :bookmark do 
    title "bookmark title" 
    url "http://www.google.com" 
    type "" 
    board 
    end 

    factory :user do 
    sequence(:email) {|n| "person#{n}@example.com" } 
    password "password" 
    #encrypted_password "$2a$10$qntR5INbkjtRZ.wDEpsNVemyO6oGknq9VyGt.8El4Tg1roHqs7mK2" 
    end 
end 

以防万一...... 我的规格帮手：

if(ENV["RUN_COVERAGE"]) 
    require 'simplecov' 
    SimpleCov.start 'rails' do 
    add_filter "/spec/" 
    end 
    puts "Running coverage tool\n" 
end 
require 'rubygems' 
require 'spork' 
#uncomment the following line to use spork with the debugger 
#require 'spork/ext/ruby-debug' 

Spork.prefork do 
    # Loading more in this block will cause your tests to run faster. However, 
    # if you change any configuration or code from libraries loaded here, you'll 
    # need to restart spork for it take effect. 

    # This file is copied to spec/ when you run 'rails generate rspec:install' 
    ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= 'test' 
    require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__) 
    require 'rspec/rails' 
    require 'rspec/autorun' 
    require 'capybara/rspec' 
    require 'capybara/rails' 


    RSpec.configure do |config| 
    # ## Mock Framework 
    config.mock_with :rr 

    # If you're not using ActiveRecord, or you'd prefer not to run each of your 
    # examples within a transaction, remove the following line or assign false 
    # instead of true. 
    config.use_transactional_fixtures = true 

    # If true, the base class of anonymous controllers will be inferred 
    # automatically. This will be the default behavior in future versions of 
    # rspec-rails. 
    config.infer_base_class_for_anonymous_controllers = false 

    config.include Factory::Syntax::Methods 

    config.include Warden::Test::Helpers, :type => :request 
    Warden.test_mode! 
    config.after(:each) { Warden.test_reset! } 
    end 

end 

Spork.each_run do 
    # This code will be run each time you run your specs. 

    # Reload models on each run 
    require 'factory_girl_rails' 
    # reload all the models 
    Dir["#{Rails.root}/app/models/**/*.rb"].each do |model| 
    load model 
    end 

    # Reload Factories on each run 
    FactoryGirl.factories.clear 
    FactoryGirl.find_definitions 

    # Requires supporting ruby files with custom matchers and macros, etc, 
    # in spec/support/ and its subdirectories. 
    Dir[Rails.root.join("spec/support/**/*.rb")].each {|f| require f} 
end 

Answer 1

before(:all) RSpec中的块不会在事务内部运行，这就是为什么在处理完整个测试套件后您的用户留在测试数据库中的原因。

考虑使用after(:all)块，您必须手动清理适当的表，或使用database_cleaner，您可以配置它以在测试运行之前截断表。

Answer 2

为create FactoryGirl语法可以是：

Factory(:user) 

或

FactoryGirl.create(:user) 

我怀疑呼叫create(:user)没有做你认为正在做的事情。更新您的let到：

let(:user) { 
    user = Factory(:user) 
    user.confirm! 
    login_as(user, :scope => :user) 
    user 
    } 

注意let都会被调用它是由测试所需要的时间。