Selenium webdriver找到下一个链接中的元素

Question

打开main（home）页面，然后使用click（）函数转到登录页面，现在我想要查找此页面中的元素，我该怎么办？

这里是我的代码...

import unittest,time,re 
from selenium import webdriver 
from selenium import selenium 
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By 
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait 
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys 
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC 

class PythonOrgSearch(unittest.TestCase): 

    def setUp(self): 
     #self.selenium = selenium("localhost", 4444, "*firefox","http://www.google.com/") 
     self.driver = webdriver.Firefox() 

    def test_search_in_python_org(self): 
     driver = self.driver 
     driver.get("https://bitbucket.org/") 
     elem = driver.find_element_by_id("user-options") 
     elem = elem.find_element_by_class_name("login-link") 
     elem.click() 
     print "check" 

     #elem = WebDriverWait(driver, 30).until(EC.elementToBeVisible(By.name("username"))); 
     #elem.send_keys("my_username@bitbucket.org") 

     user_name_field = driver.find_element_by_id('id_username') 
     password_field = driver.find_element_by_id('id_password') 

     user_name_field.send_keys('your_user_name') 
     password_field.send_keys('your_password') 

    def tearDown(self): 
     pass 
     #self.driver.close() 

if __name__ == "__main__": 
    unittest.main() 

我得到这个错误（文件名python_org_search.py​​）

E 
====================================================================== 
ERROR: test_search_in_python_org (__main__.PythonOrgSearch) 
---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "python_org_search.py", line 25, in test_search_in_python_org 
    user_name_field = driver.find_element_by_id('id_username') 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 197, in find_element_by_id 
    return self.find_element(by=By.ID, value=id_) 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 681, in find_element 
    {'using': by, 'value': value})['value'] 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 164, in execute 
    self.error_handler.check_response(response) 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 164, in check_response 
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace) 
NoSuchElementException: Message: u'Unable to locate element: {"method":"id","selector":"id_username"}' ; Stacktrace: 
    at FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElementInternal_ (file:///tmp/tmpKo1TXx/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver_component.js:8860) 
    at FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElement (file:///tmp/tmpKo1TXx/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver_component.js:8869) 
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_/h (file:///tmp/tmpKo1TXx/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command_processor.js:10831) 
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_ (file:///tmp/tmpKo1TXx/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command_processor.js:10836) 
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.execute/< (file:///tmp/tmpKo1TXx/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command_processor.js:10778) 

---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Ran 1 test in 30.994s 

FAILED (errors=1) 

我尝试过其他解决方案，以及但是还是同样的错误。

Answer 1

你最好应该尝试通过它的id检索像username字段和密码字段这样的独特元素。 name可能不是唯一且具有误导性。

请尝试以下方法find_element_by_id('id_username')和find_element_by_id('id_password')。

有时你需要等待一段时间，你的浏览器呈现 的页面和检索的所有内容 - 因此它可能是有用的等待一段时间， 例如在你深入探索元素之前三秒钟。

代码

import time 

time.sleep(3) 
user_name_field = driver.find_element_by_id('id_username') 
password_field = driver.find_element_by_id('id_password') 

user_name_field.send_keys('your_user_name') 
password_field.send_keys('your_password') 

password_field.send_keys(Keys.RETURN) 
... 

此外，我建议你为不同领域使用不​​同的变量的名称。变量elem可能导致难以解决的错误。

三的等待时间上面提到的可能是不可靠像秒 - 确保一些等待时间更加结构化的方式是告诉它你的driver通过implicitly_wait：

driver = webdriver.Firefox() 
driver.implicitly_wait(30) # maximally wait 30 seconds before raising an exception. 

# ... 
# go to the page etc. 

中有等待时间的两种方法司机可以这样做：

• 等待明确：驱动程序执行的每一个步骤之前等待这段时间。
• 含蓄地等待：如果您查找某个元素，驱动程序会在引发异常之前搜索这个元素。

欲了解更多详细信息，请参阅文档：http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp#implicit-waits

Answer 2

前一页，它不存在的下面的代码使用elem。

elem = elem.find_element_by_name("username") 

相反，你应该使用driver：

elem = driver.find_element_by_name("username") 

Answer 3

尝试

elem = new WebDriverWait(Driver, 30).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.name("username"))); 

elem.send_keys("my_username@bitbucket.org"); 

Answer 4

要填充任何类型的表单......最好的方法是要经过它的名字在任何情况下永远可用。

driver=self.webdriver 
    driver.find_element_by_name("username").click() 
    driver.find_element_by_name("username").send_keys("XXXXX") 
    time.sleep(5) 
    driver.find_element_by_name("password").click() 
    driver.find_element_by_name("password").send_keys("XXXXX")