当应用程序失败时通过Spring MVC测试

试图从第4版教自己。春天在行动。我正在使用本书示例作为指导来构建一个Web应用程序，并通过第5章进行工作。我有两个控制器和两个使用Spring MVC的相应测试。两个测试都通过了，但是当我在服务器上运行应用程序时（Tomcat 7.0），它会根据ClinicalNoteRepository接口给出一个UnsatisfiedDependencyException异常。为什么这些测试 - 特别是ClinicalNoteControllerTest - 在应用程序找不到ClinicalNoteRepository时传递？当应用程序失败时通过Spring MVC测试

下面是从控制台输出摘录（字符限制不会让我张贴整个事情）：

Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin WARNING: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:Practice Wellness' did not find a matching property. Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: Server version: Apache Tomcat/7.0.57 Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: Server built: Nov 3 2014 08:39:16 UTC Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: Server number: 7.0.57.0 Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: OS Name: Windows 7 Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: OS Version: 6.1 Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: Architecture: amd64 Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: JAVA_HOME: C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_71\jre Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: JVM Version: 1.7.0_71-b14 Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: JVM Vendor: Oracle Corporation Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: CATALINA_BASE: C:\Users\kyle\workspace.metadata.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp2 Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: CATALINA_HOME: C:\Apache-Tomcat\apache-tomcat-7.0.57 Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=C:\Users\kyle\workspace.metadata.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp2 Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=C:\Apache-Tomcat\apache-tomcat-7.0.57 Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: Command line argument: -Dwtp.deploy=C:\Users\kyle\workspace.metadata.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp2\wtpwebapps Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: Command line argument: -Djava.endorsed.dirs=C:\Apache-Tomcat\apache-tomcat-7.0.57\endorsed Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log INFO: Command line argument: -Dfile.encoding=Cp1252 Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener lifecycleEvent INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_71\bin;C:\Windows\Sun\Java\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\Program Files (x86)\HP SimplePass 2011\x64;C:\Program Files (x86)\HP SimplePass 2011\;;C:\Program Files\Broadcom\Broadcom 802.11\Driver;;C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows Live;C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows Live;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Roxio Shared\DLLShared\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Roxio Shared\DLLShared\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Roxio Shared\12.0\DLLShared\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Live\Shared;C:\Program Files\WIDCOMM\Bluetooth Software\;C:\Program Files\WIDCOMM\Bluetooth Software\syswow64;C:\Program Files\Broadcom\WHL\;C:\Program Files\Broadcom\WHL\syswow64;C:\Program Files\Broadcom\WHL\SysWow64\;C:\Program Files\Broadcom\WHL\SysWow64\syswow64;C:\Program Files (x86)\Intel\Services\IPT\;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_25\bin;C:\Program Files\Gradle\Gradle-2.0\gradle-2.2.1\bin;. Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"] Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"] Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load INFO: Initialization processed in 992 ms Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal INFO: Starting service Catalina Jan 12, 2015 5:30:23 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.57 Jan 12, 2015 5:30:26 AM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log INFO: Spring WebApplicationInitializers detected on classpath: [[email protected]1ecc13] Jan 12, 2015 5:30:26 AM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log INFO: Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext INFO : org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader - Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started INFO : org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext - Refreshing Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Mon Jan 12 05:30:26 MST 2015]; root of context hierarchy INFO : org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext - Registering annotated classes: [class com.kwalker.practicewellness.config.RootConfig] INFO : org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor - JSR-330 'javax.inject.Inject' annotation found and supported for autowiring WARN : org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext - Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'clinicalNoteController' defined in file [C:\Users\kyle\workspace.metadata.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp2\wtpwebapps\Practice Wellness\WEB-INF\classes\com\kwalker\practicewellness\web\ClinicalNoteController.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor argument with index 0 of type [com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository]: : No qualifying bean of type [com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {}; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {} ... continued... Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {} ... continued... ... 24 more ERROR: org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader - Context initialization failed org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'clinicalNoteController' defined in file [C:\Users\kyle\workspace.metadata.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp2\wtpwebapps\Practice Wellness\WEB-INF\classes\com\kwalker\practicewellness\web\ClinicalNoteController.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor argument with index 0 of type [com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository]: : No qualifying bean of type [com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {}; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {} at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:749) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:185) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1131) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1034) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:303) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:299) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:762) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:757) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:480) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:403) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:306) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:106) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4992) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5492) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1575) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1565) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {} at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1308) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1054) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:949) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:813) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:741) ... 24 more Jan 12, 2015 5:30:27 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart SEVERE: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'clinicalNoteController' defined in file [C:\Users\kyle\workspace.metadata.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp2\wtpwebapps\Practice Wellness\WEB-INF\classes\com\kwalker\practicewellness\web\ClinicalNoteController.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor argument with index 0 of type [com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository]: : No qualifying bean of type [com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {}; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {} at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:749) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:185) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1131) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1034) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:303) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:299) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:762) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:757) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:480) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:403) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:306) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:106) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4992) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5492) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1575) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1565) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {} at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionExcepti on(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1308) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1054) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:949) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:813) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:741) ... 24 more Jan 12, 2015 5:30:27 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal SEVERE: Error listenerStart Jan 12, 2015 5:30:27 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal SEVERE: Context [/practicewellness] startup failed due to previous errors Jan 12, 2015 5:30:27 AM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log INFO: Closing Spring root WebApplicationContext Jan 12, 2015 5:30:27 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"] Jan 12, 2015 5:30:27 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"] Jan 12, 2015 5:30:27 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start INFO: Server startup in 3494 ms

ClinicalNoteControllerTest：

package com.kwalker.practicewellness; 

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.hasItems; 
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock; 
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when; 
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get; 
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.model; 
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.view; 
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup; 

import java.util.ArrayList; 
import java.util.Date; 
import java.util.List; 

import org.junit.Test; 
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc; 
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView; 

import com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository; 
import com.kwalker.practicewellness.domain.ClinicalNote; 
import com.kwalker.practicewellness.web.ClinicalNoteController; 

public class ClinicalNoteControllerTest { 

@Test 
public void shouldShowRecentClinicalNotes() throws Exception { 
    List<ClinicalNote> expectedClinicalNotes = createClinicalNoteList(20); 
    ClinicalNoteRepository mockNoteRepository = mock(ClinicalNoteRepository.class); 
    when(mockNoteRepository.findClinicalNotes(Long.MAX_VALUE, 20)).thenReturn(expectedClinicalNotes); 

    ClinicalNoteController noteController = new ClinicalNoteController(mockNoteRepository); 
    MockMvc mockMvc = standaloneSetup(noteController).setSingleView(
      new InternalResourceView("/WEB-INF/views/clinicalNotes.jsp")).build(); 

    mockMvc.perform(get("/clinical-notes")) 
     .andExpect(view().name("clinical-notes")) 
     .andExpect(model().attributeExists("clinicalNoteList")) 
     .andExpect(model().attribute("clinicalNoteList", hasItems(expectedClinicalNotes.toArray()))); 
} 

@Test 
public void shouldShowPagedClinicalNotes() throws Exception { 
    List<ClinicalNote> expectedClinicalNotes = createClinicalNoteList(50); 
    ClinicalNoteRepository mockRepository = mock(ClinicalNoteRepository.class); 
    when(mockRepository.findClinicalNotes(238900, 50)).thenReturn(expectedClinicalNotes); 

    ClinicalNoteController noteController = new ClinicalNoteController(mockRepository); 
    MockMvc mockMvc = standaloneSetup(noteController).setSingleView(
      new InternalResourceView("/WEB-INF/views/clinical-notes.jsp")).build(); 

    mockMvc.perform(get("/clinical-notes?max=238900&count=50")) 
     .andExpect(view().name("clinical-notes")) 
     .andExpect(model().attributeExists("clinicalNoteList")) 
     .andExpect(model().attribute("clinicalNoteList", hasItems(expectedClinicalNotes.toArray()))); 
} 

private List<ClinicalNote> createClinicalNoteList(int count) { 
    List<ClinicalNote> clinicalNotes = new ArrayList<ClinicalNote>(); 
    for (int i=0; i < count; i++) { 
     clinicalNotes.add(new ClinicalNote("Note " + i, new Date())); 
    } 
    return clinicalNotes; 
} 

}

ClinicalNoteController类：

package com.kwalker.practicewellness.web; 

import java.util.List; 

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; 

import com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository; 
import com.kwalker.practicewellness.domain.ClinicalNote; 

@Controller 
@RequestMapping("/clinical-notes") 
public class ClinicalNoteController { 

private static final String MAX_LONG_AS_STRING = "9223372036854775807"; 
private ClinicalNoteRepository noteRepository; 

@Autowired 
public ClinicalNoteController(ClinicalNoteRepository noteRepository) { 
    this.noteRepository = noteRepository; 
} 

@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET) 
public List<ClinicalNote> clinicalNotes(
     @RequestParam(value="max", defaultValue=MAX_LONG_AS_STRING) long max, 
     @RequestParam(value="count", defaultValue="20") int count) { 
    return noteRepository.findClinicalNotes(max, count); 
} 

}

这是ClinicalNoteRepository界面：

package com.kwalker.practicewellness.data; 

import java.util.List; 

import com.kwalker.practicewellness.domain.ClinicalNote; 

public interface ClinicalNoteRepository { 
    List<ClinicalNote> findClinicalNotes(long maximumId, int count); 
}

POM文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> 
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 

<groupId>com.kwalker</groupId> 
<artifactId>practicewellness</artifactId> 
<name>Practice Wellness</name> 
<packaging>war</packaging> 
<version>1.0.0-BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version> 

<properties> 
    <java-version>1.7</java-version> 
    <org.springframework-version>4.1.4.RELEASE</org.springframework-version> 
    <org.aspectj-version>1.6.10</org.aspectj-version> 
    <org.slf4j-version>1.6.6</org.slf4j-version> 

</properties> 

<dependencies> 
    <!-- Spring --> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> 
     <version>${org.springframework-version}</version> 
     <exclusions> 
      <!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j --> 
      <exclusion> 
       <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> 
       <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> 
      </exclusion> 
     </exclusions> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> 
     <version>${org.springframework-version}</version> 
    </dependency> 

    <!-- AspectJ --> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> 
     <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId> 
     <version>${org.aspectj-version}</version> 
    </dependency> 

    <!-- Logging --> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
     <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> 
     <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
     <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId> 
     <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version> 
     <scope>runtime</scope> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
     <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> 
     <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version> 
     <scope>runtime</scope> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>log4j</groupId> 
     <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> 
     <version>1.2.15</version> 
     <exclusions> 
      <exclusion> 
       <groupId>javax.mail</groupId> 
       <artifactId>mail</artifactId> 
      </exclusion> 
      <exclusion> 
       <groupId>javax.jms</groupId> 
       <artifactId>jms</artifactId> 
      </exclusion> 
      <exclusion> 
       <groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId> 
       <artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId> 
      </exclusion> 
      <exclusion> 
       <groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId> 
       <artifactId>jmxri</artifactId> 
      </exclusion> 
     </exclusions> 
     <scope>runtime</scope> 
    </dependency> 

    <!-- @Inject --> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>javax.inject</groupId> 
     <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId> 
     <version>1</version> 
    </dependency> 

    <!-- Servlet --> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 
     <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> 
     <version>3.1.0</version> 
     <scope>provided</scope> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> 
     <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> 
     <version>2.2</version> 
     <scope>provided</scope> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 
     <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> 
     <version>1.2</version> 
    </dependency> 

    <!-- Test --> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> 
     <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.mockito</groupId> 
     <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId> 
     <version>1.10.19</version> 
     <exclusions> 
      <exclusion> 
       <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId> 
       <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId> 
      </exclusion> 
     </exclusions> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>junit</groupId> 
     <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 
     <version>4.12</version> 
     <exclusions> 
      <exclusion> 
       <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId> 
       <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId> 
      </exclusion> 
     </exclusions> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId> 
     <artifactId>hamcrest-all</artifactId> 
     <version>1.3</version> 
    </dependency> 

    <!-- Misc --> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> 
     <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId> 
     <version>3.3.2</version> 
    </dependency> 

</dependencies> 
<build> 
    <plugins> 
     <plugin> 
      <artifactId>maven-eclipse-plugin</artifactId> 
      <version>2.9</version> 
      <configuration> 
       <additionalProjectnatures> 
         <projectnature>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springnature</projectnature> 
       </additionalProjectnatures> 
       <additionalBuildcommands> 
         <buildcommand>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springbuilder</buildcommand> 
       </additionalBuildcommands> 
       <downloadSources>true</downloadSources> 
       <downloadJavadocs>true</downloadJavadocs> 
      </configuration> 
     </plugin> 
     <plugin> 
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
      <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 
      <version>3.2</version> 
      <configuration> 
       <source>1.7</source> 
       <target>1.7</target> 
       <compilerArgument>-Xlint:all</compilerArgument> 
       <showWarnings>true</showWarnings> 
       <showDeprecation>true</showDeprecation> 
      </configuration> 
     </plugin> 
     <plugin> 
      <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId> 
      <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId> 
      <version>1.3.1</version> 
      <configuration> 
       <mainClass>org.test.int1.Main</mainClass> 
      </configuration> 
     </plugin> 
    </plugins> 
</build> 
</project>

来源

2015-01-12 Kyle Walker

你的测试不会对'ApplicationContext'做任何事情，它是一个普通的单元测试，嘲笑依赖关系。 –

谢谢。这就说得通了。 –

由于可以从以下两行代码中可以看出：

ClinicalNoteRepository mockNoteRepository = mock(ClinicalNoteRepository.class); 
ClinicalNoteController noteController = new ClinicalNoteController(mockNoteRepository);

...您的测试是其创建模拟库实例自己的单元测试并使用这些模拟对象构建控制器。

在服务器上运行时，Spring配置用于确定框架需要管理哪些bean。因此，就你而言，这可能是你的配置有问题。

在您提供的代码中，ClinicalNoteRepository只是一个界面。必须有一个可以用作Spring Bean的接口的实现。你没有向我们展示过这样的实现，所以它可能只是你没有写出来的。这个规则的例外是如果你使用Spring Data，它提供了自己的实现。但是，在这种情况下，您的界面需要扩展JpaRepository或其他Spring Data repository接口之一。

请注意，您可以编写将导致加载Spring上下文（从而测试您的配置）的测试。为此，您需要将以下注释添加到测试类中：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MyAppConfiguration.class)

...假设您使用的是Spring Boot。或者一些诸如

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@ContextConfiguration(classes = { MyConfiguration.class }, 
        loader = AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class)

...如果你有一个更传统的Spring应用程序，在这种情况下，你会在一个或多个Java类@Configuration它指向（如上）或XML配置文件的列表。

来源

2015-01-12 14:14:11 Steve

这是有道理的。在本书后面的示例中，作者仅提供了存储库的接口，但未提供任何实现，但他仍提供测试。我发现这很令人困惑，而当应用程序几乎没有构建时，测试实际上已经通过时，情况更是如此。谢谢你的解释。 –

当应用程序失败时通过Spring MVC测试

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