太大图片：内存不足异常

Question

我的背景图片太大，所以，出现以下错误的应用程序崩溃（我从logcat的抄袭其他有用的信息，以及）

01-10 14:53:48.799: E/dalvikvm-heap(9297): Out of memory on a 6955024-byte allocation. 
01-10 14:53:48.799: I/dalvikvm(9297): "main" prio=5 tid=1 RUNNABLE 
01-10 14:53:48.799: I/dalvikvm(9297): | group="main" sCount=0 dsCount=0 obj=0x40a729a0 self=0x2a00bba8 
01-10 14:53:48.799: I/dalvikvm(9297): | sysTid=9297 nice=0 sched=0/0 cgrp=apps handle=1073849308 
01-10 14:53:48.812: I/dalvikvm(9297): | state=R schedstat=(38497557466 45560972992 4658) utm=3335 stm=514 core=0 
01-10 14:53:48.840: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeAsset(Native Method) 
01-10 14:53:48.840: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:502) 
01-10 14:53:48.840: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:355) 
01-10 14:53:48.840: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromResourceStream(Drawable.java:785) 
01-10 14:53:48.840: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:1965) 
01-10 14:53:48.840: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.content.res.TypedArray.getDrawable(TypedArray.java:601) 
01-10 14:53:48.840: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.view.View.<init>(View.java:3330) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.view.View.<init>(View.java:3259) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.view.ViewGroup.<init>(ViewGroup.java:425) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.widget.RelativeLayout.<init>(RelativeLayout.java:210) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:417) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:587) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.view.LayoutInflater.onCreateView(LayoutInflater.java:660) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:685) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:466) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:396) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at com.xxx.xxx.InputFragment.onCreateView(InputFragment.java:70) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Fragment.java:1478) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:927) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1104) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1086) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.dispatchActivityCreated(FragmentManager.java:1877) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onStart(FragmentActivity.java:552) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnStart(Instrumentation.java:1164) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.app.Activity.performStart(Activity.java:5114) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2153) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2230) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleRelaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3692) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$700(ActivityThread.java:141) 
01-10 14:53:48.860: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1240) 
01-10 14:53:48.910: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 
01-10 14:53:48.910: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137) 
01-10 14:53:48.920: I/dalvikvm(9297): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5041) 
01-10 14:53:48.920: I/dalvikvm(9297): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 
01-10 14:53:48.920: I/dalvikvm(9297): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511) 
01-10 14:53:48.920: I/dalvikvm(9297): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:793) 
01-10 14:53:48.920: I/dalvikvm(9297): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:560) 
01-10 14:53:48.920: I/dalvikvm(9297): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) 
01-10 14:53:49.315: D/skia(9297): --- decoder->decode returned false 
01-10 14:53:49.315: D/AndroidRuntime(9297): Shutting down VM 
01-10 14:53:49.320: W/dalvikvm(9297): threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x40a71930) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297): FATAL EXCEPTION: main 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.xxx.xxx/com.xxx.xxx.MainActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #1: Error inflating class <unknown> 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2180) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2230) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.app.ActivityThread.handleRelaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3692) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.app.ActivityThread.access$700(ActivityThread.java:141) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1240) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5041) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:793) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:560) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297): Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #1: Error inflating class <unknown> 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:613) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.view.LayoutInflater.onCreateView(LayoutInflater.java:660) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:685) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:466) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:396) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at com.xxx.xxx.InputFragment.onCreateView(InputFragment.java:70) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Fragment.java:1478) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:927) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1104) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1086) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.dispatchActivityCreated(FragmentManager.java:1877) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onStart(FragmentActivity.java:552) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnStart(Instrumentation.java:1164) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.app.Activity.performStart(Activity.java:5114) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2153) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  ... 12 more 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297): Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:417) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:587) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  ... 27 more 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297): Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeAsset(Native Method) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:502) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:355) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromResourceStream(Drawable.java:785) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:1965) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.content.res.TypedArray.getDrawable(TypedArray.java:601) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.view.View.<init>(View.java:3330) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.view.View.<init>(View.java:3259) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.view.ViewGroup.<init>(ViewGroup.java:425) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  at android.widget.RelativeLayout.<init>(RelativeLayout.java:210) 
01-10 14:53:49.570: E/AndroidRuntime(9297):  ... 30 more 

我的背景图像中绘制对象文件夹。是的，我的意思是“文件夹”，因为该应用程序旨在支持多个屏幕和图像在所有文件夹中，并且尺寸略有变化。

如何加载这个大的位图没有问题？我通过了下面的代码。

public static Bitmap getResizedBitmap(Bitmap image, int newHeight, int newWidth) { 
    int width = image.getWidth(); 
    int height = image.getHeight(); 
    float scaleWidth = ((float) newWidth)/width; 
    float scaleHeight = ((float) newHeight)/height; 
    // create a matrix for the manipulation 
    Matrix matrix = new Matrix(); 
    // resize the bit map 
    matrix.postScale(scaleWidth, scaleHeight); 
    // recreate the new Bitmap 
    Bitmap resizedBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(image, 0, 0, width, height, 
      matrix, false); 
    return resizedBitmap; 
} 

但是这种情况是，这段代码手动设置了宽度和高度吧？但是我将把这张图片作为背景图片，所以我不知道这是否是最好的方法，我不确定插入的宽度和高度有什么价值。我所知道的是我需要在onCreateView()方法（我正在使用片段）中设置图像。

Answer 1

您需要为您的JVM分配更多堆（-Xmx7g）或平铺图像，以便您不需要一次将整个内容保存在内存中。
当然，如果您没有一次显示整个图像，平铺只是有用的。如果你是要管理它，你可以在尝试加载之前以某种方式压缩图像。
还有，第三方库（如DiscMemImage）可以在限制内存使用的同时使用图像。

Answer 2

使用BitmapFactory.Options在加载之前获取图像的大小，然后可以将背景缩小为较低分辨率的图像（如果需要），该图像仍然适合背景，但不会引发OOM错误。此外，您可以根据所需的宽度和高度，或者您设置背景的视图的宽度和高度来使用DisplayMetrics。

从Android训练documation（http://developer.android.com/training/displaying-bitmaps/load-bitmap.html）：

的BitmapFactory类提供了多种解码方法 （decodeByteArray（），decodeFile（），decodeResource（），等等），用于创建 从各个位图源。根据您的图像数据源选择最合适的解码方法 。这些方法尝试为构造的位图分配内存，因此可能很容易导致OutOfMemory异常。每种类型的解码方法都有 附加签名，可让您通过 BitmapFactory.Options类指定解码选项。在解码时将inJustDecodeBounds属性 设置为true可避免内存分配，对于位图对象返回null，但设置为Width，outHeight和outMimeType。 该技术允许您在构建位图之前读取图像的尺寸和类型（以及内存分配）。

BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options(); 
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true; 
BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.id.myimage, options); 
int imageHeight = options.outHeight; 
int imageWidth = options.outWidth; 
String imageType = options.outMimeType; 

为了避免java.lang.OutOfMemory例外，解码前检查 位图的尺寸，除非你绝对信任源 为您提供与舒适适合 预见的大小的图像数据在可用内存中。