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继承人我的代码。一个opengl4.0教程：为什么我会得到4个“gluErrorString @ 4”未定义引用的实例“
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define GLEW_STATIC
#include "GL/glew.h"
#include <GL/freeglut.h>
#define WINDOW_TITLE_PREFIX "Chapter 2"
int CurrentWidth = 800,
CurrentHeight = 600,
WindowHandle = 0;
unsigned FrameCount = 0;
GLuint
VertexShaderId,
FragmentShaderId,
ProgramId,
VaoId,
VboId,
ColorBufferId;
const GLchar* VertexShader =
{
"#version 400\n"\
"layout(location=0) in vec4 in_Position;\n"\
"layout(location=1) in vec4 in_Color;\n"\
"out vec4 ex_Color;\n"\
"void main(void)\n"\
"{\n"\
" gl_Position = in_Position;\n"\
" ex_Color = in_Color;\n"\
"}\n"
};
const GLchar* FragmentShader =
{
"#version 400\n"\
"in vec4 ex_Color;\n"\
"out vec4 out_Color;\n"\
"void main(void)\n"\
"{\n"\
" out_Color = ex_Color;\n"\
"}\n"
};
void Initialize(int, char*[]);
void InitWindow(int argc, char* argv[]);
void ResizeFunction(int, int);
void RenderFunction(void);
void TimerFunction(int);
void IdleFunction(void);
void Cleanup(void);
void CreateVBO(void);
void DestroyVBO(void);
void CreateShaders(void);
void DestroyShaders(void);
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
Initialize(argc, argv);
glutMainLoop();
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
void Initialize(int argc, char* argv[])
{
GLenum GlewInitResult;
InitWindow(argc, argv);
GlewInitResult = glewInit();
if (GLEW_OK != GlewInitResult) {
fprintf(
stderr,
"ERROR: %s\n",
glewGetErrorString(GlewInitResult)
);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
fprintf(
stdout,
"INFO: OpenGL Version: %s\n",
glGetString(GL_VERSION)
);
CreateShaders();
CreateVBO();
glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
}
void InitWindow(int argc, char* argv[])
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitContextVersion(4, 0);
glutInitContextFlags(GLUT_FORWARD_COMPATIBLE);
glutInitContextProfile(GLUT_CORE_PROFILE);
glutSetOption(GLUT_ACTION_ON_WINDOW_CLOSE,GLUT_ACTION_GLUTMAINLOOP_RETURNS);
glutInitWindowSize(CurrentWidth, CurrentHeight);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA);
WindowHandle = glutCreateWindow(WINDOW_TITLE_PREFIX);
if(WindowHandle < 1) {
fprintf(
stderr,
"ERROR: Could not create a new rendering window.\n"
);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
glutReshapeFunc(ResizeFunction);
glutDisplayFunc(RenderFunction);
glutIdleFunc(IdleFunction);
glutTimerFunc(0, TimerFunction, 0);
glutCloseFunc(Cleanup);
}
void ResizeFunction(int Width, int Height)
{
CurrentWidth = Width;
CurrentHeight = Height;
glViewport(0, 0, CurrentWidth, CurrentHeight);
}
void RenderFunction(void)
{
++FrameCount;
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
glutSwapBuffers();
glutPostRedisplay();
}
void IdleFunction(void)
{
glutPostRedisplay();
}
void TimerFunction(int Value)
{
if (0 != Value) {
char* TempString = (char*)
malloc(512 + strlen(WINDOW_TITLE_PREFIX));
sprintf(
TempString,
"%s: %d Frames Per Second @ %d x %d",
WINDOW_TITLE_PREFIX,
FrameCount * 10,
CurrentWidth,
CurrentHeight
);
glutSetWindowTitle(TempString);
free(TempString);
}
FrameCount = 0;
glutTimerFunc(100, TimerFunction, 1);
}
void Cleanup(void)
{
DestroyShaders();
DestroyVBO();
}
void CreateVBO(void)
{
GLfloat Vertices[] = {
-0.8f, -0.8f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
0.0f, 0.8f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
0.8f, -0.8f, 0.0f, 1.0f
};
GLfloat Colors[] = {
1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f
};
GLenum ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
glGenVertexArrays(1, &VaoId);
glBindVertexArray(VaoId);
glGenBuffers(1, &VboId);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VboId);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(Vertices), Vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glGenBuffers(1, &ColorBufferId);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, ColorBufferId);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(Colors), Colors, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(1, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
if (ErrorCheckValue != GL_NO_ERROR)
{
fprintf(
stderr,
"ERROR: Could not create a VBO: %s \n",
gluErrorString(ErrorCheckValue)
);
exit(-1);
}
}
void DestroyVBO(void)
{
GLenum ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
glDisableVertexAttribArray(1);
glDisableVertexAttribArray(0);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
glDeleteBuffers(1, &ColorBufferId);
glDeleteBuffers(1, &VboId);
glBindVertexArray(0);
glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &VaoId);
ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
if (ErrorCheckValue != GL_NO_ERROR)
{
fprintf(
stderr,
"ERROR: Could not destroy the VBO: %s \n",
gluErrorString(ErrorCheckValue)
);
exit(-1);
}
}
void CreateShaders(void)
{
GLenum ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
VertexShaderId = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
glShaderSource(VertexShaderId, 1, &VertexShader, NULL);
glCompileShader(VertexShaderId);
FragmentShaderId = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
glShaderSource(FragmentShaderId, 1, &FragmentShader, NULL);
glCompileShader(FragmentShaderId);
ProgramId = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(ProgramId, VertexShaderId);
glAttachShader(ProgramId, FragmentShaderId);
glLinkProgram(ProgramId);
glUseProgram(ProgramId);
ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
if (ErrorCheckValue != GL_NO_ERROR)
{
fprintf(
stderr,
"ERROR: Could not create the shaders: %s \n",
gluErrorString(ErrorCheckValue)
);
exit(-1);
}
}
void DestroyShaders(void)
{
GLenum ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
glUseProgram(0);
glDetachShader(ProgramId, VertexShaderId);
glDetachShader(ProgramId, FragmentShaderId);
glDeleteShader(FragmentShaderId);
glDeleteShader(VertexShaderId);
glDeleteProgram(ProgramId);
ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
if (ErrorCheckValue != GL_NO_ERROR)
{
fprintf(
stderr,
"ERROR: Could not destroy the shaders: %s \n",
gluErrorString(ErrorCheckValue)
);
exit(-1);
}
}
其完整的代码是什么我在使用MinGW的是运行在Windows 7 64位系统的代码块。它的第2章openglbook.com。它应该实现im在项目链接设置（不是编译器）中按顺序执行glew32s，freeglut和opengl。
我听说动态运行比较好，但是如果动态变化，我会得到一堆未定义的glew命令错误。所以我不得不在连接器中设置“#define glew_static”和glew32s。
这可能是什么原因造成的？
-------------- Build: Debug in 40 (compiler: GNU GCC Compiler)---------------
mingw32-g++.exe -Wall -g -ID:\backup\funstuff\programming\freeglut\include -c D:\backup\funstuff\programming\40\main.cpp -o obj\Debug\main.o
mingw32-g++.exe -o bin\Debug\40.exe obj\Debug\main.o -lglew32s -lfreeglut -lopengl32
Warning: .drectve `/DEFAULTLIB:"LIBCMT" /DEFAULTLIB:"OLDNAMES" ' unrecognized
obj\Debug\main.o: In function `Z9CreateVBOv':
D:/backup/funstuff/programming/40/main.cpp:219: undefined reference to `[email protected]'
obj\Debug\main.o: In function `Z10DestroyVBOv':
D:/backup/funstuff/programming/40/main.cpp:247: undefined reference to `[email protected]'
obj\Debug\main.o: In function `Z13CreateShadersv':
D:/backup/funstuff/programming/40/main.cpp:278: undefined reference to `[email protected]'
obj\Debug\main.o: In function `Z14DestroyShadersv':
D:/backup/funstuff/programming/40/main.cpp:305: undefined reference to `[email protected]'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Process terminated with status 1 (0 minutes, 1 seconds)
4 errors, 1 warnings (0 minutes, 1 seconds)
*编辑*
我已经下载wsys和安装的MinGW到一个单独的目录中并重新编译GLEW-1.9.0和替换DLL和库。仍然一样的错误，但没有~~~~~~~~~~~>警告：.drectve/DEFAULTLIB：“LIBCMT”/ DEFAULTLIB：“OLDNAMES”'无法识别< ~~~~~~~警告。
这btw，只存在，因为从glews网站编译的DLL和库在VisualC上完成。
链接glew32s.lib时，它必须位于代码块中列表的顶部。 –
可能出现重复http://stackoverflow.com/questions/16923876/getting-glew-to-compile-in-codeblocks/16930933#16930933 –
glew32s和glew32一直在我的列表的顶部。我知道你指的是这个问题。这与此无关。谢谢你！ – CodeSeven