Ruby on Rails的：数据库的sqlite3到PostgreSQL [RALS]

我将我的数据的基础上，从sqlite3的到PostgreSQL在我的Rails项目，所以我按照这个教程：https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/sqlite3 Ruby on Rails的：数据库的sqlite3到PostgreSQL [RALS]

我suceed使所有所需的更改但在结束的时候我要让命令：

rake db:create 
rake db:migrate

我论文的错误：

FATAL: role "ubuntu" does not exist 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:825:in `initialize' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:825:in `new' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:825:in `connect' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:542:in `initialize' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:41:in `new' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:41:in `postgresql_connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:440:in `new_connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:450:in `checkout_new_connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:421:in `acquire_connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:356:in `block in checkout' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:355:in `checkout' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:265:in `block in connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:264:in `connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:546:in `retrieve_connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:79:in `retrieve_connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:53:in `connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb:8:in `connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb:17:in `create' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:72:in `create' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:86:in `block in create_current' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:182:in `block in each_current_configuration' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:181:in `each' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:181:in `each_current_configuration' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:85:in `create_current' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:20:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:236:in `call' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:236:in `block in execute' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:231:in `each' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:231:in `execute' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:175:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:168:in `invoke_with_call_chain' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:161:in `invoke' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:149:in `invoke_task' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block (2 levels) in top_level' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `each' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block in top_level' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:115:in `run_with_threads' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:100:in `top_level' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:78:in `block in run' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:165:in `standard_exception_handling' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:75:in `run' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/bin/rake:33:in `<top (required)>' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/rake:23:in `load' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/rake:23:in `<main>' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `eval' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `<main>' 
    Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "database"=>"my_data_base_development", "pool"=>5, "timeout"=>5000} 
    FATAL: role "ubuntu" does not exist 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:825:in `initialize' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:825:in `new' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:825:in `connect' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:542:in `initialize' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:41:in `new' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:41:in `postgresql_connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:440:in `new_connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:450:in `checkout_new_connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:421:in `acquire_connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:356:in `block in checkout' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:355:in `checkout' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:265:in `block in connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:264:in `connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:546:in `retrieve_connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:79:in `retrieve_connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:53:in `connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb:8:in `connection' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb:17:in `create' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:72:in `create' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:86:in `block in create_current' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:182:in `block in each_current_configuration' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:181:in `each' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:181:in `each_current_configuration' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:85:in `create_current' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:20:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:236:in `call' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:236:in `block in execute' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:231:in `each' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:231:in `execute' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:175:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:168:in `invoke_with_call_chain' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/task.rb:161:in `invoke' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:149:in `invoke_task' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block (2 levels) in top_level' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `each' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block in top_level' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:115:in `run_with_threads' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:100:in `top_level' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:78:in `block in run' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:165:in `standard_exception_handling' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/lib/rake/application.rb:75:in `run' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/rake-10.1.0/bin/rake:33:in `<top (required)>' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/rake:23:in `load' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/rake:23:in `<main>' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `eval' 
    /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `<main>' 
    Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "database"=>"my_data_base_test", "pool"=>5, "timeout"=>5000}

这里我的代码：

photo.rb：

class Photo < ActiveRecord::Base 
    has_attached_file :image 
end

的Gemfile：

# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails' 
gem 'rails', '4.0.0' 
gem 'bootstrap-sass', '2.3.2' 
gem "paperclip", "~> 3.0" 
gem "rake" 

# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record 
gem 'pg' 

# Use SCSS for stylesheets 
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 4.0.0' 

# Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets 
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0' 

# Use CoffeeScript for .js.coffee assets and views 
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.0.0' 

# See https://github.com/sstephenson/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes 
# gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby 

# Use jquery as the JavaScript library 
gem 'jquery-rails' 

# Turbolinks makes following links in your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/rails/turbolinks 
gem 'turbolinks' 

# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder 
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 1.2' 

group :doc do 
    # bundle exec rake doc:rails generates the API under doc/api. 
    gem 'sdoc', require: false 
end 

# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password 
# gem 'bcrypt-ruby', '~> 3.0.0' 

# Use unicorn as the app server 
# gem 'unicorn' 

# Use Capistrano for deployment 
# gem 'capistrano', group: :development 

# Use debugger 
# gem 'debugger', group: [:development, :test]

XXXXXXXXXXXX_create_image.rb：

class CreatePhotos < ActiveRecord::Migration 
    def change 
    create_table :photos do |t| 

     t.timestamps 
    end 
    end 
    def self.up 
    add_column :photos, :image_file_name, :string 
    add_column :photos, :image_content_type, :string 
    add_column :photos, :image_file_size, :string 
    add_column :photos, :image_update_at, :string 
    end 

    def self.down 
    remove_column :photos, :image_file_name, :string 
    remove_column :photos, :image_content_type, :string 
    remove_column :photos, :image_file_size, :string 
    remove_column :photos, :image_update_at, :string 
    end 
end

database.yml中：

# SQLite version 3.x 
# gem install sqlite3 
# 
# Ensure the SQLite 3 gem is defined in your Gemfile 
# gem 'sqlite3' 
development: 
    adapter: postgresql 
    database: my_data_base_development 
    pool: 5 
    timeout: 5000 

# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and 
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake". 
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production. 
test: 
    adapter: postgresql 
    database: my_data_base_test 
    pool: 5 
    timeout: 5000 

production: 
    adapter: postgresql 
    database: my_data_base_production 
    pool: 5 
    timeout: 5000

您是否有想让我的迁移工作？感谢的

来源

2013-11-26 Rabbit56

如果您的问题跨越3+屏幕高度，您问了一个很差的问题。 –

您的数据库没有“ubuntu”角色。你把你的用户放在你的database.yml文件中。你必须创建它。在postgres运行时：

CREATE ROLE ubuntu WITH LOGIN ENCRYPTED PASSWORD 'type-your-password' CREATEDB;

然后，您可以使用ALTER ROLE更改角色权限。这样允许用户创建类似的角色和数据库：

ALTER ROLE owlphabet CREATEROLE CREATEDB REPLICATION SUPERUSER;

我发现此链接非常有用。

http://blog.jasonmeridth.com/2012/10/02/postgresql-command-line-cheat-sheet.html

此外，您没有在数据库中包含角色/用户。yml - 你需要让它们看起来像这样：

development: 
    adapter: postgresql 
    encoding: unicode 
    database: my_data_base_development 
    pool: 5 
    username: ubuntu 
    password: type_your_password 
    host: localhost

当然也会改变生产和测试。

来源

2013-11-26 18:57:10 nil

Ruby on Rails的：数据库的sqlite3到PostgreSQL [RALS]

回答

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