Shell文件在手动运行时工作，但在CRON中运行时失败

Question

我有一个编译的shell文件（compile.sh），然后运行一个java程序。当我在AIX服务器上手动运行它时会起作用，但是当我通过CRON运行它时会出现错误。

compile.sh：

/usr/java6/bin/javac -classpath :.:/usr/jdk/commons-net-3.0.1.jar:/usr/jdk/classes12.jar:/usr/jdk/mysql-connector-java-5.1.17-bin.jar:/usr/jdk/jtds-1.2.5.jar:/usr/jdk/mail.jar:/usr/jdk/joda-time-1.6.2.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-cache-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpcore-4.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpmime-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/mailapi.jar:/usr/jdk/pop3.jar:/usr/jdk/smtp.jar:/usr/jdk/dsn.jar:/usr/jdk/imap.jar -d . daily_transmission.java 

java -classpath :.:/usr/jdk/commons-net-3.0.1.jar:/usr/jdk/classes12.jar:/usr/jdk/mysql-connector-java-5.1.17-bin.jar:/usr/jdk/jtds-1.2.5.jar:/urs/jdk/mail.jar:/usr/jdk/joda-time-1.6.2.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-cache-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpcore-4.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpmime-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/mailapi.jar:/usr/jdk/pop3.jar:/usr/jdk/smtp.jar:/usr/jdk/dsn.jar:/usr/jdk/imap.jar daily_transmission 

错误：

/ttms/its/db/dropez/trans/compile_java.sh 
javac: file not found: *.java 
Usage: javac <options> <source files> 
use -help for a list of possible options 
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: daily_transmission 
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: daily_transmission 
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:423) 
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:653) 
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:346) 
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:619) 
Could not find the main class: daily_transmission. Program will exit. 

Answer 1

编译和运行之前只需更改目录：

cd /absolute/path/to/your/project 

/usr/java6/bin/javac -classpath :.:/usr/jdk/commons-net-3.0.1.jar:/usr/jdk/classes12.jar:/usr/jdk/mysql-connector-java-5.1.17-bin.jar:/usr/jdk/jtds-1.2.5.jar:/usr/jdk/mail.jar:/usr/jdk/joda-time-1.6.2.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-cache-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpcore-4.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpmime-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/mailapi.jar:/usr/jdk/pop3.jar:/usr/jdk/smtp.jar:/usr/jdk/dsn.jar:/usr/jdk/imap.jar -d . daily_transmission.java 

java -classpath :.:/usr/jdk/commons-net-3.0.1.jar:/usr/jdk/classes12.jar:/usr/jdk/mysql-connector-java-5.1.17-bin.jar:/usr/jdk/jtds-1.2.5.jar:/urs/jdk/mail.jar:/usr/jdk/joda-time-1.6.2.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-cache-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpcore-4.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpmime-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/mailapi.jar:/usr/jdk/pop3.jar:/usr/jdk/smtp.jar:/usr/jdk/dsn.jar:/usr/jdk/imap.jar daily_transmission 

** 更新 **

实际上，cron执行用户主目录中的每个作业。因此，最好从你的shell脚本中改变你的工作目录。甚至通过为每个文件和文件夹指定绝对路径来编写查询，就好像您坐在主目录（或根目录）中一样。