C++ cmake/make：链接器ld找不到库（缺少路径？）

我目前正在努力链接需要与GLFW3链接的C++项目，即ld是使用-lglfw3调用的。事情是，这个工作之前，现在我不知道，为什么它不再。C++ cmake/make：链接器ld找不到库（缺少路径？）

sudo pkg-config --libs glfw3 
-L/usr/local/lib -lglfw3

该库也存在于由上述语句打印的特定位置。但是，ld说：

Linking CXX executable modeling_2014_framework 
/usr/bin/ld: error: cannot find -lglfw3 
CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/main.cpp.o:main.cpp:function init(): error: undefined reference to 'glfwInit' 
... 
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status 
make[2]: *** [modeling_2014_framework] Error 1 
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/all] Error 2 
make: *** [all] Error 2

我正在使用cmake来创建makefile。这是CMakeLists的样子：

cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.8) 

set (project_name modeling_2014_framework) 

# create project 
project (${project_name}) 

# sources 
set(SOURCES main.cpp) 

# add headers to the project 
file(GLOB MY_HEADERS "src/*.h") 
list(APPEND HEADERS ${MY_HEADERS}) 

# add sources to the project 
file(GLOB MY_SOURCES "src/*.cpp") 
list(APPEND SOURCES ${MY_SOURCES}) 

# i also tried to manually set them here, which however also does not help 
#set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH ${CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH} /usr/local/lib) 

# OpenGL 
find_package(OpenGL REQUIRED) 
if (NOT OPENGL_FOUND) 
    message (FATAL_ERROR "OpenGL not found!") 
    return() 
endif() 

# glew 
if (UNIX) 
    set(GLEW_LIBRARY libGLEW.so)     
else() 
    set (GLEW_INCLUDE_DIR "" CACHE PATH "glew include directory") 
    set (GLEW_LIBRARY_DIR "" CACHE PATH "glew build directory") 
    if (GLEW_INCLUDE_DIR STREQUAL "" AND GLEW_LIBRARY_DIR STREQUAL "") 
     return() 
    else() 
     find_library(GLEW_LIBRARY NAMES GLEW glew32 glew glew32s PATHS ${GLEW_LIBRARY_DIR}) 
    endif() 
endif(UNIX) 

# glfw 
set (GLFW_STATIC FALSE CACHE BOOL "link against static or dynamic glfw3 library") 
if (WIN32) 
    set (GLFW_INCLUDE_DIR "" CACHE PATH "GLFW include directory") 
    set (GLFW_LIBRARY_DIR "" CACHE PATH "GLFW build directory") 
    if (GLFW_INCLUDE_DIR STREQUAL "" AND GLFW_LIBRARY_DIR STREQUAL "") 
     return() 
    else() 
     if (GLFW_STATIC) 
      find_library(GLFW_LIBS NAMES glfw3 PATHS ${GLFW_LIBRARY_DIR}) 
     else(GLFW_STATIC) 
      find_library(GLFW_LIBS NAMES glfw3dll PATHS ${GLFW_LIBRARY_DIR}) 
     endif(GLFW_STATIC) 
    endif() 
else() 
    find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED) 
    pkg_search_module(GLFW REQUIRED glfw3) 
    if (GLFW_STATIC) 
     set (GLFW_LIBS ${GLFW_STATIC_LIBRARIES}) 
    else(GLFW_STATIC) 
     set (GLFW_LIBS ${GLFW_LIBRARIES}) 
    endif(GLFW_STATIC) 
    list(APPEND GLFW_LIBS libXxf86vm.so)  
    list(APPEND GLFW_LIBS libGLU.so)   
    list(APPEND GLFW_LIBS libX11.so) 
    list(APPEND GLFW_LIBS libXrandr.so) 
    list(APPEND GLFW_LIBS libpthread.so) 
    list(APPEND GLFW_LIBS libXi.so) 
endif() 

include_directories(${GLEW_INCLUDE_DIR} 
       ${GLFW_INCLUDE_DIR} 
        ${OPENGL_INCLUDE_DIR} 
       ) 

# executable 
add_executable(${project_name} ${SOURCES} ${HEADERS}) 

target_link_libraries(${project_name} 
         ${OPENGL_LIBRARIES} 
        ${GLEW_LIBRARY} 
        ${EXTRA_LIBS} 
        ${GLFW_LIBS} 
        )

如果我手动运行ld命令，并添加-L在/ usr/local/lib目录，然后链接器运行正常。所以我最重要的问题是，如何确保cmake将此路径添加到makefile，以便ld运行良好。

在此先感谢=）

EDIT1：根据要求，具有详细记录的标准输出：

[email protected] ~/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 $ make VERBOSE=1 
/usr/bin/cmake -H/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 -B/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 --check-build-system CMakeFiles/Makefile.cmake 0 
/usr/bin/cmake -E cmake_progress_start /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/CMakeFiles /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/CMakeFiles/progress.marks 
make -f CMakeFiles/Makefile2 all 
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1' 
make -f CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/depend 
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1' 
cd /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 && /usr/bin/cmake -E cmake_depends "Unix Makefiles" /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 /home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/DependInfo.cmake --color= 
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1' 
make -f CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/build 
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1' 
Linking CXX executable modeling_2014_framework 
/usr/bin/cmake -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/link.txt --verbose=1 
/usr/bin/g++ -g3 -gdwarf-2 CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/main.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/VertexBufferObjectAttribs.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Vector3.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Shader.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Matrix4x4.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Scene.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/TgaLoader.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Vector4.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Vector2.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Renderer.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Matrix3x3.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/Common.cpp.o CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/src/SkyCube.cpp.o -o modeling_2014_framework -rdynamic -lGLU -lGL -lSM -lICE -lX11 -lXext -lGLEW -lglfw3 -lXxf86vm -lGLU -lX11 -lXrandr -lpthread -lXi 
/usr/bin/ld: error: cannot find -lglfw3 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:49: error: undefined reference to 'glfwInit' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:53: error: undefined reference to 'glfwInit' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:60: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetErrorCallback' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:63: error: undefined reference to 'glfwWindowHint' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:64: error: undefined reference to 'glfwWindowHint' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:65: error: undefined reference to 'glfwWindowHint' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:66: error: undefined reference to 'glfwWindowHint' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:74: error: undefined reference to 'glfwCreateWindow' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:77: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetKeyCallback' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:78: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetWindowSizeCallback' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:79: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetMouseButtonCallback' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:80: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetCursorPosCallback' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:81: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetScrollCallback' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:84: error: undefined reference to 'glfwMakeContextCurrent' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:164: error: undefined reference to 'glfwTerminate' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:170: error: undefined reference to 'glfwGetTime' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:171: error: undefined reference to 'glfwGetTime' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:189: error: undefined reference to 'glfwPollEvents' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:190: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSwapBuffers' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:192: error: undefined reference to 'glfwSetWindowTitle' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/main.cpp:186: error: undefined reference to 'glfwWindowShouldClose' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/src/Renderer.cpp:61: error: undefined reference to 'glfwGetTime' 
/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1/src/Renderer.cpp:64: error: undefined reference to 'glfwGetTime' 
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status 
make[2]: *** [modeling_2014_framework] Error 1 
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1' 
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/modeling_2014_framework.dir/all] Error 2 
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/myname/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1' 
make: *** [all] Error 2 
[email protected] ~/courses/Modellierung/proj/exercise1 $

编辑/ QUICK HACK解决方案： 我觉得这不是真正的答案原来的问题，但至少我找到了解决方法。我加

SET(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-L/usr/local/lib")

到的CMakeLists.txt文件，直接在上面add_executable（...）

现在的作品，因为-L ...选项正确传递给链接。但是，由于我对路径进行了硬编码，因此这可能无法在任何计算机上使用。

来源

2014-05-13 pedjjj

，才能使'VERBOSE = 1'这里复制失败的命令？ – fritzone

是的，我已将它附加到原始帖子。 :-) – pedjjj

似乎你缺少链接命令行中的库搜索目录。尝试类似。

LINK_DIRECTORIES(${GLFW_LIBRARY_DIR})

后成功找到了GLFW库和add_executable

http://www.cmake.org/cmake/help/v2.8.12/cmake.html#command:link_directories

来源

2014-05-13 08:55:54 fritzone

嗯，那个错误仍然是相同的（我跑了cmake ..之前，从build目录中，为了更新makefile）。我试过cmake -LAH打印出所有变量，并没有名为GLFW_LIBRARY_DIR。我在GLFW中看到的唯一变量是GLFW_STATIC：BOOL = OFF。我在add_executable之前直接添加了LINK_DIRECTORIES（...）。 – pedjjj

你还删除了缓存吗？ – fritzone

是的，事实上，我已经尝试过，并且之后还使用了完全新鲜/空的构建文件夹。两者都失败了。我也用cmake-gui做了这个，我想知道变量GLFW_LIBRARY_DIR是不是正常显示呢？ – pedjjj

C++ cmake/make：链接器ld找不到库（缺少路径？）

回答

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