提取并重命名zip文件文件夹

Question

我想从一个zip文件中提取python中的特定文件夹，然后在原始文件名后重命名它。

比如我有一个名为包含几个文件夹和子文件夹test.zip：

xl/media/image1.png 
xl/drawings/stuff.png 
stuff/otherstuff.png 

我想提取到一个文件夹名为test的媒体文件夹的内容： test/image1.png

Answer 1

使用

• zipfile模块，特别是ZipFile.extractall()
• os.path.splitext() 从字符串test1.zip
• tmpfile.mkdtemp()得到test1创建一个临时目录
• shutil.move()移动整个目录树。

例如：

#!/usr/bin/env python 
"""Usage: 
./extract.py test.zip 
""" 

from zipfile import ZipFile 
import os 
import sys 
import tempfile 
import shutil 


ROOT_PATH = 'xl/media/' 

zip_name = sys.argv[1] 
zip_path = os.path.abspath(zip_name) 
extraction_dir = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), os.path.splitext(zip_name)[0]) 
temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp() 


with ZipFile(zip_path, 'r') as zip_file: 
    # Build a list of only the members below ROOT_PATH 
    members = zip_file.namelist() 
    members_to_extract = [m for m in members if m.startswith(ROOT_PATH)] 
    # Extract only those members to the temp directory 
    zip_file.extractall(temp_dir, members_to_extract) 
    # Move the extracted ROOT_PATH directory to its final location 
    shutil.move(os.path.join(temp_dir, ROOT_PATH), extraction_dir) 

# Uncomment if you want to delete the original zip file 
# os.remove(zip_path) 

print "Sucessfully extracted '%s' to '%s'" % (zip_path, extraction_dir) 

使用try..except块来处理创建目录时，删除文件和提取的zip可能发生的各种异常。