如何过滤具有某个子节点的节点

我有这个XSLT样式表，我试图找到包含a子元素（最终包含id=".."属性的节点）的节点。但是，无论我做了什么，<xsl:when test="a">都不会匹配。 xsltproc从来没有在那里匹配过，并且这个命令行无限期地挂起，而只是一直发布getdateandtime。如何过滤具有某个子节点的节点

saxon9 lib/docbook/5/essays/foss-and-other-beasts-v3ll-in-one.xhtml bin/clean-up-docbook-xhtml-1.1.xslt

我在Mandriva Linux Cooker上。这里是我的样式表：

<xsl:stylesheet version = '1.0' 
    xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
    xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
    xmlns:xsl='http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform' 
    > 

    <xsl:output method="xml" version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" 
     doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" 
     doctype-system="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd" 
     /> 

    <xsl:template match="*"> 
     <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo" /> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template mode="copy_html_ns" match="*"> 
     <xsl:element xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
        name="{local-name()}"> 
      <xsl:copy-of select="@*"/> 
      <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo" /> 
     </xsl:element> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="*" mode="foo"> 
     <xsl:choose> 
      <xsl:when test="a"> 
       <xsl:element xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
          name="foobar"> 
        <!-- 
        <xsl:attribute name="id"> 
         <xsl:value-of select="a[@id]" /> 
        </xsl:attribute> 
        --> 
        <xsl:copy-of select="@*" /> 
        <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo" /> 
       </xsl:element> 
      </xsl:when> 
      <xsl:when test="local-name() = 'a' and @id"> 
      </xsl:when> 
      <xsl:otherwise> 
       <xsl:element xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
          name="{local-name()}"> 
        <xsl:copy-of select="@*" /> 
        <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo" /> 
       </xsl:element> 
      </xsl:otherwise> 
     </xsl:choose> 
    </xsl:template> 

</xsl:stylesheet>

来源

2011-04-20 Shlomi Fish

我要指出，我的问题是如何要得到子节点识别中的子元素，并且由于大量实验，样式表有点尴尬。对于那个很抱歉。任何帮助将不胜感激。 – 2011-04-20 15:03:28

您还没有向我们展示示例XML输入，这将有所帮助。 – LarsH 2011-04-20 16:36:37

这个问题还不清楚。转换问题应该有一个减少输入样本和一个期望的输出。匹配任何元素与'a'子元素的模式是'* [a]'。 – 2011-04-20 22:21:58

编辑
[删除误导，不正确的代码部分]

因为没有输入文档，并没有期望的输出，通过您的XSL以上工作，并假设：

你需要找到/不同的处理所有

包含节点个标签==>foobar，
包含a标签与id属性==>has-a-with-id，
是*标签，所有其他的==>他们应该将刚才复制。

所以，如果你有一个像

<?xml version="1.0"?> 
<base> 
    <some-child> 
     <a>an a</a> 
     <b>a b</b> 
     <a>other a</a> 
     <b>other b</b> 
    </some-child> 
    <some-child> 
     <b>third b</b> 
     <a id="blah">third a</a> 
     <b>fourth b</b> 
    </some-child> 
    <some-child> 
     <b>last b</b> 
    </some-child> 
</base>

的XML输入你的输出应该是

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<!DOCTYPE base PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> 
<base xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 
    <foobar> 
     <a>an a</a> 
     <b>a b</b> 
     <a>other a</a> 
     <b>other b</b> 
    </foobar> 
    <has-a-with-id> 
     <b>third b</b> 
     <a id="blah">third a</a> 
     <b>fourth b</b> 
    </has-a-with-id> 
    <some-child> 
     <b>last b</b> 
    </some-child> 
</base>

如果是这样的话，我的解决办法是

<?xml version="1.0"?> 
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
     xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
     xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> 
    <xsl:output method="xml" version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" 
     doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" 
     doctype-system="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"/> 
    <xsl:strip-space elements="*"/> 

    <xsl:template match="/"> 
     <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo"/> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="*[a[@id]]" mode="foo"> 
     <xsl:element xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" name="has-a-with-id"> 
      <xsl:copy-of select="@*"/> 
      <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo"/> 
     </xsl:element> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="*[a[not(@id)]]" mode="foo"> 
     <xsl:element xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" name="foobar"> 
      <xsl:copy-of select="@*"/> 
      <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo"/> 
     </xsl:element> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="*" mode="foo"> 
     <xsl:element xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" name="{local-name()}"> 
      <xsl:copy-of select="@*"/> 
      <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo"/> 
     </xsl:element> 
    </xsl:template> 
</xsl:stylesheet>

我也很好奇如何优化这些代码，所以如果有人有想法，请感觉自由e共享/编辑。

来源

2011-04-20 15:06:27 rekaszeru

@LarsH，感谢您的评论，尽管它很粗鲁，但您是对的，很清楚：我在写第一行时想到了什么:(。我没有对它进行测试，只是写道，尽管我现在还没有和'when'一起工作。再次感谢，我会更新我的答案，以防止误导任何人。 – rekaszeru 2011-04-20 17:15:00

@rekaszeru - 对不起突然。我很欣赏你在自卫方面不会失礼。这是让我感到厌恶的几个原因之一：有人提出*为事实*，这是不真实的，误导了那些寻求帮助的人。我会删除我以前的评论。 – LarsH 2011-04-20 17:25:50

OP正在尝试匹配具有名为'a'的子元素的元素。这个答案中的匹配模式将会匹配名为'a'的元素。 – LarsH 2011-04-20 17:27:42

您的测试<xsl:when test="a">是正确的，用于测试上下文节点是否具有任何名为a的子元素。

“但是，无论我做了什么，<xsl:when test="a"> 都不匹配。”

你怎么知道它永远不会匹配？如果您提供样本输入，预期产出和实际产出，我们可以更好地诊断预期产出的原因！=实际产出。

顺便说一句，你知道

<xsl:template match="*"> 
    <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo" /> 
</xsl:template>

将应用模式“foo”的模板，每一个元素的所有孩子？（这反过来将它递归地应用于这些孩子的所有孩子）。所以，如果你有一个文档

<w><x><y><z/></y></x></w>

在模式“富”，那么元素z将得到处理的3倍。也许你的意思是第一个模板是

<xsl:template match="/"> 
    <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo" /> 
</xsl:template>

我也喜欢把上应用模板明确select="*"，这只是为了更容易地看到发生了什么事情。但这是一个偏好问题。

来源

2011-04-20 16:44:24 LarsH

我试图查找包含的“一个”子元素（最终一个包含ID =“..” 属性）节点。

你有一堆模式 - 这与你的问题完全不相干。

该匹配图案

*[a and @id]

匹配的当前节点的所有子（在执行相应<xsl:apply-templates>时），其本身具有子a并且还具有id属性。

此匹配模式：

*[a and @id='someString']

当前节点的所有子（在执行相应<xsl:apply-templates>时）匹配本身有一个孩子a并且还具有id属性具有值'someString'。

来源

2011-04-20 22:33:49

嗯，有人Freenode上的#xml通道帮我写这篇文章的替代样式表，其效果更好：

<xsl:stylesheet version = '1.0' 
    xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
    xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
    xmlns:xsl='http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform' 
    > 

    <xsl:output method="xml" version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" 
     doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" 
     doctype-system="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd" 
     /> 

    <xsl:template match="node()|@*"> 
     <xsl:copy> 
      <xsl:apply-templates select="node()|@*"/> 
     </xsl:copy> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="node()[xhtml:a/@id]"> 
     <xsl:copy> 
      <xsl:copy-of select="xhtml:a/@id"/> 
      <xsl:apply-templates select="node()|@*"/> 
     </xsl:copy> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="xhtml:h3[@class='author']"> 
     <xsl:element name="h2"> 
      <xsl:copy-of select="xhtml:a/@id"/> 
      <xsl:apply-templates select="node()|@*"/> 
     </xsl:element> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="xhtml:a/@id"/> 

</xsl:stylesheet>

与该部分有 “<的xsl：模板匹配=” XHTML：H 3 [@类=”作者']“>”可能会被安全地忽略，因为我稍后添加它来解决问题。

关于我需要处理它的输出是一个标准的XHTML由具有一些<H2>/<H3>标记与空&的DocBook/XML作为生成的; LT;一个ID =“my_anchor_here/>元件，用于锚定，而不是做正确的事情< H2 ID =“my_anchor_here” >的，所以我想对其进行过滤

这里是一个自包含的样本：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> 
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Open Source, Free Software and Other Beasts (version 3)</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="#index" title="Open Source, Free Software and Other Beasts (version 3)"/><link rel="next" href="#introduction" title="Introduction"/></head><body><div xml:lang="en-GB" class="article"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="index"/>Open Source, Free Software and Other Beasts (version 3)</h1></div><div><div class="authorgroup"><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Shlomi</span> <span class="surname">Fish</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><br/> 
                    <code class="email">&lt;<a class="email" href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>&gt;</code><br/> 
                    <code class="uri"><a class="uri" href="http://www.shlomifish.org/"/></code><br/> 
                </p></div></div></div></div></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2004, 2006, 2011 Shlomi Fish</p></div><div><div class="legalnotice"><a id="main_legal_notice"/><p> 

     This document is copyrighted by Shlomi Fish under the 
     <a class="link" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">Creative 
     Commons Attribution License (CC-by) version 3.0</a> (or at 
     your option a greater version). 
    </p></div></div></div><hr/></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="introduction"/>Introduction</h2></div></div></div><p> 
Many people will hear about Linux in the news, being the cool new operating 
system that everyone can use free of charge. Those who become interested in 
it enough or actually start working with it, will learn that it is made out 
of many independent "open source" components. Now, after enough time 
(perhaps very soon), they will learn that the term "free software" (where 
free is free as in "free speech" and not free as in "free beer") can be 
used as an alternative to the adjective "open source". But what is open 
source and free software? What distinguishes them from other software that 
is available to the public at no cost or is distributed as shareware? 
</p><p> 
Note that the terms "free software" and "open source" would be used 
throughout this article to refer to the same phenomenon. I do not religiously 
stick to either term. 
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="licences_and_proprietary_software"/>Software Licences and "Proprietary" Software</h2></div></div></div><p> 
This section deals with the legal details of distributing software, and the 
so-called licences that dictate what can be done with them. 
</p><p> 
Software out of being a sequence of bits, that can be transcribed to a 
paper, spoken or otherwise transported is considered speech and so is 
protected by the <a class="link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_speech">Freedom of Speech principle of Liberalism</a>. Thus, writing 
software and distributing it are a constitutional right in most liberal 
countries. 
</p><p> 
Nevertheless, a piece of software, as any other text, can be copyrighted. 
Copyright involves making sure that the software as given to someone else 
other than its originator or copyright holder will be restricted in use or 
modification. An originator can outline what he believes to be a proper use 
of the software in a code licence (which applies to the code) or an 
"End-User License Agreement" (or EULA which applies to given binaries). 
</p><p> 
Proprietary software, i.e: such whose use, modification or distribution is 
encumbered, was a relatively new phenomenon if you take a look at the old 
history of computing. It actually started even before the time when 
Microsoft, then a very small company wrote Altair Basic, and Bill Gates 
published the famous (or possibly infamous) <a class="link" href="http://www.blinkenlights.com/classiccmp/gateswhine.html">"Open Letter to Altair Hobbyists"</a>. 
In fact, IBM and other companies distributed proprietary software for 
mainframe systems, a long time before the Personal Computer revolution. 
</p><p> 
The PC revolution, however, made the situation more critical. Soon, 
computers became faster, more powerful, with larger memory, and more common 
as time went by. At the moment, there are 100's of millions of Pentiums and 
other computers out there, and millions of newer computers are sold each year. 
</p><p> 
Yet, the majority of these computers mostly run software that cannot be 
modified or distributed, at least not effectively or legally. The free 
software (or open-source) movement started as an anti-thesis to the 
tendency of vendors to hide the details of their software from the public. 
The Linux Operating System with its various components (most of which are 
available to other systems as well, and are not affiliated with the Linux 
kernel in particular) is the most visible showcase to this phenomena. By 
installing Linux it is possible to turn an everyday personal computer into 
a full fledged UNIX-based workstation or server, which is a 100% powerful GNU 
system. This can cost little if any money, and the various components of the 
operating system are all freely modifiable and can be re-distributed in their 
modified form. 
</p><p> 
It is not the only place where free software can be used. It is in fact 
possible to turn a Windows installation into a Linux-like GNU system as 
well (see <a class="link" href="http://www.cygwin.com/">Cygwin</a> for instance) or run 
many native Microsoft Windows open-source programs on one's Windows 
installation. 
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="meaning_of_terms"/>Meaning of the terms</h2></div></div></div><p> 
According to the <a class="link" href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html">Free Software Definition </a> free software must fulfill 4 freedoms: 
</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist"><li class="listitem"><p> 
The freedom to run the program, for any purpose 
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 
The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs. 
Access to the source code is a precondition for this. 
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 
The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbour 
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 
The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the 
public, so that the whole community benefits . Access to the source code is 
a precondition for this. 
</p></li></ol></div><p> 
    The <a class="link" href="http://www.opensource.org/docs/definition_plain.php">Open Source definition</a> is similar, but some licences can qualify as 
    open-source and not as free 
software. This is usually not an issue, because the majority of open source 
software out there is free as well. Moreover, lately most of the companies 
and people who have phrased their own software licences, have tried to also 
get the Free Software Foundation to approve their licences as free software 
in their eyes. 
</p><p> 
Despite common belief, selling free/open-source software is perfectly 
legitimate. In fact, one can charge as much as he pleases for it. 
Nevertheless, most free software is distributed for free or for very 
cheaply on the Internet and other mediums. This is due to the fact that its 
freely distributable nature does not give way much to sale value, so there 
usually is no point in attempting to mandate a charge for selling it. 
</p><p> 
Another common misconception is that it sometimes cannot be modified or 
customised for internal use. In fact, all free software (but not <span class="emphasis"><em>all</em></span> 
open source software), can. Only when you wish to distribute it (free of 
charge or commercially), you may have to distribute your changes. 
(depending on the licence) The use of open source software to process 
proprietary content or be processed by non-free programs is also, always 
available. Thus, an open-source C compiler can be used to compile the code 
of proprietary programs like the Oracle Database Server. 
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="history"/>History</h2></div></div></div><p> 
This section is not a definitive overview of the history of the free 
software movement. It focuses on the issues regarding the usage of the 
common terms. 
</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="history_unix_bsd"/>Early Days, AT&amp;T UNIX, BSD</h3></div></div></div><p> 
The free software movement (before it was called this way) started 
organically from individuals who distributed code they wrote under the 
Public Domain or what would now be considered open source or semi-open 
source licences. 
</p><p> 
AT&amp;T UNIX that started at 1969 was the first showcase for this 
movement. Several Bell Labs Engineers led by Ken Thompson developed UNIX 
for their own use, and out of legal restrictions AT&amp;T faced, decided to 
distribute it to academic organizations and other organizations free-of-charge 
with the source included. (that licence did not qualify as open-source but 
it was pretty close). UNIX eventually sported the C programming languages, 
which enabled writing code that would run on many platforms easier, and the 
UNIX sources included a C compiler that was itself written in C. Around the 
early 70's the only computers capable of running UNIX were main-frames and 
the so-called "mini-computers" so there initially weren't as many 
installations as only large organizations could support buying computers to 
deploy UNIX on. 
</p><p> 
That changed as integrated circuits, and computers became cheaper and more 
powerful. Very soon, cheap UNIX-based servers and workstations became 
commonplace and the number of UNIX installations exploded. 
<sup>[<a id="present_day_unixes" href="#ftn.present_day_unixes" class="footnote">1</a>]</sup> 
</p><p> 
    Nadav Har'El has prepared <a class="link" href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/hackers-il/message/1731">a coverage of the BSDs and early AT&amp;T UNIX 
     history</a>. 
</p><p> 
The University of California at Berkeley (a.k.a UCB) forked its own version of 
AT&amp;T UNIX and started re-writing parts of the code, and incorporating many 
changes of its own. The parts that the Berkeley developers wrote on their 
own had originally been licensed UCB and kept as non-FOSS (= "free and open 
source software") "All Rights Reserved" licence. The BSD system became very 
popular (perhaps even more than the AT&amp;T one). 
</p><p> 
When Arpanet, the predecessor to the Internet was disbanded due to inadequacy, 
the Internet converted to running on top of 32-bit UNIX boxes such as 
the <a class="link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAX">VAX architecture by Digital 
Equipment Corporation</a> (now part of Hewlett-Packard). This caused a 
merging of the UNIX culture with the Arpanet enthusiasts who exchanged code 
on the Arpanet, and UNIX programmers started sharing code for various 
components and add-ons of UNIX on the Internet. 
</p></div></div></div></body></html>

来源

2011-04-22 05:10:12

如何过滤具有某个子节点的节点

回答

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