Ruby on Rails Hartl教程第10.1.3章我的代码有问题

Question

嗨，我正在通过Hartl工作。我已经到了第10章中的微帖子部分，但是我生成了9次失败，我不明白！

Failures: 

    1) Hotel 
    Failure/Error: it {should be_valid} 
     expected valid? to return true, got false 
    # ./spec/models/hotel_spec.rb:19:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 

    2) Hotel user 
    Failure/Error: its(:user) { should == user } 
     expected: #<User id: 211, name: "Person 80", email: "person_78@example.com", created_at: "2013-04-26 22:09:22", updated_at: "2013-04-26 22:09:22", password_digest: "$2a$04$ofUpcvsd84qDWTXG131PYedxXdTy2nPzTME/Gf5rc8c0...", remember_token: "wsF59SbMlKni1mqKLhFX0A", admin: false> 
      got: nil (using ==) 
    # ./spec/models/hotel_spec.rb:17:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 

这是我的hotel_spec.rb文件

require 'spec_helper' 

describe Hotel do 
    let(:user) {FactoryGirl.create(:user)} 
    before {@hotel = user.hotels.build(title: "Hilton", room_description: "Biiiiig Room",include_breakfast: "false", price: 566.6, adress:"Smolnaya")} 

    subject(@hotel) 

    it {should respond_to(:title)} 
    it {should respond_to(:room_description)} 
    it {should respond_to(:include_breakfast)} 
    it {should respond_to(:price)} 
    it {should respond_to(:adress)} 
    it {should respond_to(:user_id)} 
    it {should respond_to(:user)} 

    its(:user) { should == user } 

    it {should be_valid} 

    describe "accesible attributes" do 
     it "should not allow access to user_id" do 
     expect do 
      Hotel.new(user_id: user.id) 
     end.to raise_error(ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::Error) 
     end 
    end 

    describe "when user_id is not present" do 
     before {@hotel.user_id = nil} 
     it {should_not be_valid} 
    end 

end 

我hotel.rb文件

class Hotel < ActiveRecord::Base 
    attr_accessible :adress, :include_breakfast, :price, :room_description, :title 
    belongs_to :user 

    validates :user_id, presence: true 
end 

，我犯了一个错误？任何想法和解决方案大加赞赏。谢谢。

Answer 1

subject { @hotel } 

括号，而不是括号。
subject需要一个代码块（i.e. similar to do ... end），而不是参数。

A little off-topic, but it may be helpful to follow the convention of including white space within the braces.

Answer 2

@Sunxperous答案似乎是正确的 - 我会建议你使用thoughtbot shoulda gem，使您的测试更简单。还可以使用FactoryGirl创建您的酒店模型。 rspec可能看起来像宝石

require 'spec_helper' 

describe Hotel do 

    let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create :user } 
    subject(:hotel) { FactoryGirl.create :hotel, user: user } 

    it { should be_valid } # a valid factory is very important 

    it { should_not allow_mass_assignment_of :user_id } 
    it { should validates_presence_of :user } 
    it { should belong_to :user } 

    it {should respond_to(:title)} 
    it {should respond_to(:room_description)} 
    it {should respond_to(:include_breakfast)} 
    it {should respond_to(:price)} 
    it {should respond_to(:adress)} 
    it {should respond_to(:user_id)} 
    it {should respond_to(:user)} 

end