Python：从功能中追加一个实例属性

Question

我想写一个基本的纸牌游戏的乐趣，但试图尽可能多地适用于未来的纸牌游戏。这里是我的代码。

decks = [ ] 
players = [ ] 

class Player: 
global players 
def __init__(self, name): 
    self.hand = [ ] 
    self.name = '' 
    self.score = 0 
    self.name = 'playerX' 
    self.score = 0 
    players.append(name) 


class Deck: 
    global decks 
    global players 

def __init__(self, name): 
    self.SUITS = [ 'C', 'D', 'H', 'S' ] 
    self.RANKS = [ '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '10', 'J', 'Q', 'K', 'A' ] 
    self.deck = [ ] 
    for r in self.RANKS: 
     for s in self.SUITS: 
      self.deck.append((r, s)) 
    decks.append(name) 

def shuffle(self): 
    shuffle(self.deck) 

def display(self): 
    for e in range(0, len(self.deck), 4): 
     for i in self.deck[e:e+4]: 
      print i, 
     print 

def dealXtoOne(number, deck, player): 
    ''' number of cards from a deck to named player''' 
    if len(deck.deck) >= number: 
     for n in range(0, number): 
      player.hand.append(deck.deck.pop()) 
      print 'Player1 hand: ', p1.hand 
    else: 
     return 'Insufficient cards in the deck.' 

def dealXtoEach(number, deck): 
    ''' number of cards from a deck to each player''' 
    global players 
    print 'debug 0' 
    if len(deck.deck) >= number*len(players): 
     print 'debug 1' 
     for cards in range(0, number*len(players)): 
      print 'debug 2' 
      for player in players: 
       print 'debug 3' 
       print player 
       print player.hand 
       player.hand.append(deck.deck.pop()) 
       print player.hand 
    else: 
     return 'Insufficient cards in the deck.' 



def value(card): 
    if card[ 0 ] == 'J': return 11 
     elif card[ 0 ] == 'Q': return 12 
     elif card[ 0 ] == 'K': return 13 
     elif card[ 0 ] == 'A': return 14 
     else: return card[ 0 ] 

def topCard(deck): 
    return deck.deck[ -1 ] 

def color(card): 
    if card[ 1 ] in [ 'Diamonds', 'Hearts' ]: 
     return 'Red' 
    else: 
     return 'Black' 


p1 = Player('p1') 
p2 = Player('p2') 
d = Deck('d') 

d.display() 
print p1.hand 
dealXtoOne(3, d, p1) 
d.display() 
print p1.hand 
dealXtoEach(3, d) 
d.display() 

我敢肯定它是垃圾，它显然是一项正在进行的工作，但我自学编程。对不起，如果你的眼睛流血！

因此，将X卡交给一个玩家可以正常工作，但是将X卡交给N个玩家都行不通。这里是我的输出：

('2', 'C') ('2', 'D') ('2', 'H') ('2', 'S') 
('3', 'C') ('3', 'D') ('3', 'H') ('3', 'S') 
... 
('K', 'C') ('K', 'D') ('K', 'H') ('K', 'S') 
('A', 'C') ('A', 'D') ('A', 'H') ('A', 'S') 
[] 
Player1 hand: [('A', 'S')] 
Player1 hand: [('A', 'S'), ('A', 'H')] 
Player1 hand: [('A', 'S'), ('A', 'H'), ('A', 'D')] 
('2', 'C') ('2', 'D') ('2', 'H') ('2', 'S') 
... 
('K', 'C') ('K', 'D') ('K', 'H') ('K', 'S') 
('A', 'C') 
[('A', 'S'), ('A', 'H'), ('A', 'D')] 
debug 0 
debug 1 
debug 2 
debug 3 
p1 

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "C:\Users\11583\Desktop\Personal\cardgame.py", line 94, in <module> 
     dealXtoEach(3, d) 
    File "C:\Users\11583\Desktop\Personal\cardgame.py", line 60, in dealXtoEach 
     print player.hand 
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'hand' 

我可以告诉大家，它不喜欢，我想一个元组追加到由玩家全局变量的字符串表示的播放器实例的dealXtoEach函数内部参考。 Sheesh，我只是解释它而感到困惑。

那么我该如何解决这个问题？

感谢

Answer 1

该错误无关，与附加到一个元组（顺便说一句，players是一个列表不是tuple-这是不可能的追加到一个元组）。

相反，尝试更换行：

players.append(self) 

players.append(name) 

这样，全球players名单将不包含字符串列表（你不能多用），它将包含一个Player对象（其中包含hand属性）的列表。

---

一个额外注：全球players名单是不是真的有必要（和全局变量，通常建议不要） - 你可以只通过各地的players列表。其次，dealXToOne和dealOneToEach实际上应该是Deck类的方法。总之，这将使最后几行看起来像：

players.append(name) 

替换为：由于该行的

players = [p1, p2] 
d.dealXToOne(3, p1) 
d.dealXToEach(e, players) 

Answer 2

在players列表中的每个player是一个字符串，而不是一个Player对象：

players.append(self)