分组和交换列和行

Question

我不知道这是否会正式被称为支点，但是，我想结果是这样的：

+------+---------+------+ 
| Alex | Charley | Liza | 
+------+---------+------+ 
| 213 |  345 | 1 | 
| 23 |  111 | 5 | 
| 42 |  52 | 2 | 
| 323 |   | 5 | 
| 23 |   | 1 | 
| 324 |   | 5 | 
+------+---------+------+ 

我输入的数据是这种形式：

+-----+---------+ 
| Apt | Name | 
+-----+---------+ 
| 213 | Alex | 
| 23 | Alex | 
| 42 | Alex | 
| 323 | Alex | 
| 23 | Alex | 
| 324 | Alex | 
| 345 | Charley | 
| 111 | Charley | 
| 52 | Charley | 
| 1 | Liza | 
| 5 | Liza | 
| 2 | Liza | 
| 5 | Liza | 
| 1 | Liza | 
| 5 | Liza | 
+-----+---------+ 

，因为我有大约100名，我不希望有做一吨的子查询LIK这

select null, null, thirdcolumn from... 
select null, seconcolumn from... 
select firstcolumn from... 

是有没有办法做到这一点PIVOT或以其他方式？

Answer 1

你可以用动态PIVOT做到这一点和ROW_NUMBER()功能：

DECLARE @cols AS VARCHAR(1000), 
     @query AS VARCHAR(8000) 
SELECT @cols = STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(Name) 
        FROM (SELECT DISTINCT Name 
          FROM #test 
         )sub 
        ORDER BY Name 
        FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE).value('.', 'VARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'') 
PRINT @cols 

SET @query = ' 
WITH cte AS (SELECT DISTINCT * 
      FROM #test) 
    ,cte2 AS (SELECT *,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY Name ORDER BY Apt)RowRank 
      FROM cte) 
SELECT * 
FROM cte2 
PIVOT (max(Apt) for Name in ('+@cols+')) p 
      ' 
EXEC (@query) 

SQL Fiddle - Distinct List, Specific Order

编辑：如果你不想在列表中是不同的，消除上面的第一CTE，如果你想保持任意次序变化ORDER BY到(SELECT 1)：

DECLARE @cols AS VARCHAR(1000), 
     @query AS VARCHAR(8000) 
SELECT @cols = STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(Name) 
        FROM (SELECT DISTINCT Name 
          FROM #test 
         )sub 
          ORDER BY Name 
        FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE).value('.', 'VARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'') 
PRINT @cols 

SET @query = ' 
WITH cte AS (SELECT *,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY Name ORDER BY (SELECT 1))RowRank 
      FROM #test) 
SELECT * 
FROM cte 
PIVOT (max(Apt) for Name in ('+@cols+')) p 
      ' 
EXEC (@query) 

SQL Fiddle - Full List, Arbitrary Order

最后，如果你不想在你的结果RowRank场，只是在你的SELECT重新使用@cols变量：

SET @query = ' 
WITH cte AS (SELECT *,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY Name ORDER BY (SELECT 1))RowRank 
      FROM #test) 
SELECT '+@cols+' 
FROM cte 
PIVOT (max(Apt) for Name in ('+@cols+')) p 
      ' 
EXEC (@query) 

Answer 2

哦，这是一个痛苦的东西，但你可以用SQL来完成。您正试图连接列。

select seqnum, 
     max(case when name = 'Alex' then apt end) as Alex, 
     max(case when name = 'Charley' then apt end) as Charley, 
     max(case when name = 'Liza' then apt end) as Liza 
from (select t.*, row_number() over (partition by name order by (select NULL)) as seqnum 
     from t 
    ) t 
group by seqnum 
order by seqnum; 

作为说明：不保证每个列中的原始排序都是相同的。如您所知，SQL表本质上是无序的，所以您需要一列来指定排序。

要处理多个名字，我会使用查询刚才得到的名单，如：

select distinct 'max(case when name = '''+name+''' then apt end) as '+name+',' 
from t; 

而且结果复制到查询。