将单个字符串分解为多个字符串C++？

Question

我需要输入3用逗号

全称1分离全名：约翰史密斯，弗林
全名2：沃尔特·肯尼迪，罗伯特
全名3：萨姆，低音，克林顿

然后输出像这样

名1：约翰
名2：沃尔特
名3：山姆

中间名1：史密斯
中间名2：肯尼迪
中间名3：低音

姓1：弗林
姓2：罗伯茨
姓3：克林顿

我如何做这些？ 到目前为止，这是我的代码

#include<iostream> 
#include<cstdio> 
#include<cstring> 
using namespace std; 

int main() { 
    char first[3][100]; 
    char middle[3][100]; 
    char last[3][100]; 
    char full[3][100]; 
    int i; 

    cout << "Enter 3 Full Names <first, middle and last names separated by comma>:" << endl; 
    for (i=0; i<3; i++) { 
     cout << "Full Name " << i+1 << ":" ; 
     gets (full[i]);   
    } 

    cout << "The first names are: " << endl; 
    for (i=0; i<3; i++) { 
     strcpy (first[i], full[i]); 
     if (strcmp (first[i], ", ")) { 
      cout << "First Name "<< i+1 << ":" ; 
      strcpy (first[i], full[i]); 
      cout << (first[i]); 
      cout << endl; 
     } 
    } 
    cout << "The middle names are: " << endl; 
    for (i=0; i<3; i++) { 
     cout << "Middle Name "<< i+1 << ":" ; 
     cout << (middle[i]); 
     cout << endl; 
    } 
    cout << "The last names are: " << endl; 
    for (i=0; i<3; i++) { 
     cout << "Last Name "<< i+1 << ":" ; 
     cout << (last[i]); 
     cout << endl; 
    } 
    system("pause"); 
    return 0; 
} 

Answer 1

我觉得这里你想做的是string类划分方法，该方法应该是这样的：

void SplitName(const string& fullName, const string& delims, vector<string>& names) 
{ 
    size_t i = 0; 
    size_t j = 0; 
    while (i < fullName.size()) 
    { 
     i = fullName.find_first_not_of(delims, i); 
     j = fullName.find_first_of(delims, i); 
     if (i < fullName.size()) 
     { 
      names.push_back(fullName.substr(i, j - i)); 
     } 
     i = j; 
    } 
} 

可以定义“：”作为分隔符，那么名字[1]是名字，名字[2]是中间名，名字[3]是姓。

Answer 2

我可能会做这样的事情：

编辑：经过一番思考，我决定重复真的打扰我太多，所以我已经消除它。我不确定它在技术上是否允许（std::string不是POD），但它似乎起作用，并且使我感觉更好，更具可扩展性。

#include <iostream> 
#include <sstream> 
#include <algorithm> 
#include <string> 
#include <vector> 
#include <iterator> 

struct name { 
    std::string first, middle, last; 
}; 

std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, name &n) { 
    char ch; 
    is.ignore((unsigned)-1, ':'); 
    is.ignore(1); 

    std::getline(is, n.first, ','); 
    std::getline(is, n.middle, ','); 
    std::getline(is, n.last); 
    return is; 
} 

struct item { 
    size_t offset; 
    char *caption; 
}; 

void show(name const &n, item const &i) { 
    // as predicted, eliminating the duplication did lead to one gnarly line of code: 
    std::string &name = *(std::string *)((char *)&n+i.offset); 
    std::cout << i.caption << name << "\n"; 
} 

int main() {  
    std::vector<name> names; 

    std::string raw_data("Full Name 1: John, Smith, Flynn\nFull Name 2: Walter, Kennedy, Roberts\nFull Name 3: Sam, Bass, Clinton"); 

    std::istringstream infile(raw_data); 

    std::copy(std::istream_iterator<name>(infile), 
       std::istream_iterator<name>(), 
       std::back_inserter(names)); 

    item items[] = { 
     {offsetof(name, first), "First Name: "}, 
     {offsetof(name, middle), "Middle Name: "}, 
     {offsetof(name, last), "Last name: "} 
    }; 

    for (int i=0; i<3; i++) { 
     for (int j=0; j<3; j++) 
      show(names[j], items[i]); 
     std::cout << "\n"; 
    } 
    return 0; 
} 

Answer 3

void DumpName(char* pBuffer, char cDelimiter, int iCounter); 

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) 
{ 
    char full[3][100]; 

    cout << "Enter 3 Full Names <first, middle and last names separated by comma>:" << endl; 
    for (int i=0; i<3; i++) { 
     cout << "Full Name " << i+1 << ":" ; 
     gets (full[i]);   
    } 

    for(int i=0; i<3; i++) 
    { 
     cout << "First Name "<< i+1 << ":" ; 
     DumpName(full[i], ',', 0); 
    } 

    for(int i=0; i<3; i++) 
    { 
     cout << "Middle Name "<< i+1 << ":" ; 
     DumpName(full[i], ',', 1); 
    } 

    for(int i=0; i<3; i++) 
    { 
     cout << "Last Name "<< i+1 << ":" ; 
     DumpName(full[i], ',', 2); 
    } 

    return 0; 
} 

void DumpName(char* pBuffer, char cDelimiter, int iCounter) 
{ 
    int iFound = 0; 

    char* pStart = pBuffer; 
    char* pCurrent = pBuffer; 
    while(*pCurrent != '\0') 
    { 
     if(*pCurrent == cDelimiter) 
     { 
      if(iFound == iCounter) 
      { 
       *pCurrent = '\0'; 
       cout << pStart << endl; 
       *pCurrent = cDelimiter; 
       return; 
      } 

      pStart = pCurrent; 
      pStart ++; 
      iFound ++; 
     } 

     pCurrent ++; 
    } 

    if((iCounter - iFound) == 0) 
     cout << pStart << endl; 
}