不能更改MySQL 5.7中的字符集（从拉丁到utf8）

Question

我在我的Ubuntu 14.04上安装了MySQL 5.7.8。

但我无法修改MySQL的默认字符集。我想将charset更改为utf8。

我在互联网上搜索并查看了很多文章，但是我尝试的每种方法都不适用于我。

我已在/etc/mysql/my.cnf中添加'character-set-server = utf8'和'collat​​ion-server = utf8_general_ci'。但它不工作...

如何更改我的MySQL字符集？请回答我！

• 状态在MySQL

  Connection:    Localhost via UNIX socket 
  Server characterset: latin1 
  Db  characterset: latin1 
  Client characterset: utf8 
  Conn. characterset: utf8 
  UNIX socket:   /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock 
  Uptime:     1 min 24 sec 
  

• 显示变量，如 'C％'

  | character_set_client  | utf8      | 
  | character_set_connection | utf8      | 
  | character_set_database | latin1      | 
  | character_set_filesystem | binary      | 
  | character_set_results | utf8      | 
  | character_set_server  | latin1      | 
  | character_set_system  | utf8      | 
  | character_sets_dir  | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | 
  | check_proxy_users  | OFF      | 
  | collation_connection  | utf8_general_ci   | 
  | collation_database  | latin1_swedish_ci   | 
  | collation_server   | latin1_swedish_ci   | 
  | completion_type   | NO_CHAIN     | 
  | concurrent_insert  | AUTO      | 
  | connect_timeout   | 10       | 
  | core_file    | OFF      | 
  

• my.cnf中（在/ etc/MySQL的）

  [mysqld] 
  # 
  # * Basic Settings 
  # 
  character-set-server=utf8 
  collation-server=utf8_general_ci 
  user   = mysql 
  pid-file  = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 
  socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock 
  port   = 3306 
  basedir   = /usr 
  datadir   = /var/lib/mysql 
  tmpdir   = /tmp 
  lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql 
  skip-external-locking 
  character-set-server=utf8 
  collation-server=utf8_general_ci 
  init_connect=set collation_connection=utf8_general_ci 
  init_connect=set names utf8 
  character-set-client-handshake=FALSE 
  

Answer 1

• 设置UTF-8 character set和collation为MySQL服务器：

sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

然后按我并添加以下内容：

... 
[mysqld] 
character-set-server=utf8 
collation-server=utf8_general_ci 
... 

按Esc键然后：w then ：q！

然后重新启动服务器：

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart 

检查您的配置：

mysql> show variables like "%character%"; 


+--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
| Variable_name   | Value      | 
+--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
| character_set_client  | utf8      | 
| character_set_connection | utf8      | 
| character_set_database | utf8      | 
| character_set_filesystem | binary      | 
| character_set_results | utf8      | 
| character_set_server  | utf8      | 
| character_set_system  | utf8      | 
| character_sets_dir  | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | 
+--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
8 rows in set (0.01 sec) 

mysql> show variables like "%collation%"; 


+----------------------+-----------------+ 
| Variable_name  | Value   | 
+----------------------+-----------------+ 
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci | 
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci | 
| collation_server  | utf8_general_ci | 
+----------------------+-----------------+ 
3 rows in set (0.00 sec) 

• 设置UTF-8 character set和collation数据库和表：

指定它明确地wh恩创建数据库：

CREATE DATABASE some_database CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

检查您的配置：

mysql> SHOW CREATE DATABASE ... 
mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE ...