ActiveRecord/Rails中的多列外键/关联

Question

我有徽章（类似StackOverflow）。

其中一些可以附加到可加标签的东西（例如，在帖子上添加了> X的评论徽章附加到帖子）。几乎所有人都进入多个级别（例如> 20，> 100，> 200），并且每个徽章x徽章类型只能有一个级别（= badgeset_id）。

为了更容易执行的一个级别，每个徽章的约束，我想badgings由两列的外键，指定他们的徽章 - badgeset_id和level - 而不是由主键（badge_id），虽然徽章也有一个标准的主键。

在代码：

class Badge < ActiveRecord::Base 
    has_many :badgings, :dependent => :destroy 
    # integer: badgeset_id, level 

    validates_uniqueness_of :badgeset_id, :scope => :level 
end 

class Badging < ActiveRecord::Base 
    belongs_to :user 
    # integer: badgset_id, level instead of badge_id 
    #belongs_to :badge # <-- how to specify? 
    belongs_to :badgeable, :polymorphic => true 

    validates_uniqueness_of :badgeset_id, :scope => [:user_id, :badgeable_id] 
    validates_presence_of :badgeset_id, :level, :user_id 

    # instead of this: 
    def badge 
    Badge.first(:conditions => {:badgeset_id => self.badgeset_id, :level => self.level}) 
    end 
end 

class User < ActiveRecord::Base 
    has_many :badgings, :dependent => :destroy do 
    def grant badgeset, level, badgeable = nil 
     b = Badging.first(:conditions => {:user_id => proxy_owner.id, :badgeset_id => badgeset, 
     :badgeable_id => badgeable.try(:id), :badgeable_type => badgeable.try(:class)}) || 
     Badging.new(:user => proxy_owner, :badgeset_id => badgeset, :badgeable => badgeable) 
     b.level = level 
     b.save 
    end 
    end 
    has_many :badges, :through => :badgings 
    # .... 
end 

如何我可以指定一个belongs_to协会，这是否（以及不尝试使用badge_id），这样我就可以使用has_many :through？

ETA：这部分工作（即@ badging.badge作品），但感觉脏：

belongs_to :badge, :foreign_key => :badgeset_id, :primary_key => :badgeset_id, :conditions => 'badges.level = #{level}' 

注意，条件是单引号，而不是增加一倍，这使得它在运行时进行解释，而比装载时间。

但是，当试图通过：through关联使用此功能时，出现错误undefined local variable or method 'level' for #<User:0x3ab35a8>。并没有什么明显的（例如'badges.level = #{badgings.level}'）似乎工作...

ETA 2：以EmFi的代码和清理它有点作品。它需要添加badge_set_id徽章，这是多余的，但哦。

代码：

class Badge < ActiveRecord::Base 
    has_many :badgings 
    belongs_to :badge_set 
    has_friendly_id :name 

    validates_uniqueness_of :badge_set_id, :scope => :level 

    default_scope :order => 'badge_set_id, level DESC' 
    named_scope :with_level, lambda {|level| { :conditions => {:level => level}, :limit => 1 } } 

    def self.by_ids badge_set_id, level 
    first :conditions => {:badge_set_id => badge_set_id, :level => level} 
    end 

    def next_level 
    Badge.first :conditions => {:badge_set_id => badge_set_id, :level => level + 1} 
    end 
end 

class Badging < ActiveRecord::Base 
    belongs_to :user 
    belongs_to :badge 
    belongs_to :badge_set 
    belongs_to :badgeable, :polymorphic => true 

    validates_uniqueness_of :badge_set_id, :scope => [:user_id, :badgeable_id] 
    validates_presence_of :badge_set_id, :badge_id, :user_id 

    named_scope :with_badge_set, lambda {|badge_set| 
    {:conditions => {:badge_set_id => badge_set} } 
    } 

    def level_up level = nil 
    self.badge = level ? badge_set.badges.with_level(level).first : badge.next_level 
    end 

    def level_up! level = nil 
    level_up level 
    save 
    end 
end 

class User < ActiveRecord::Base 
    has_many :badgings, :dependent => :destroy do 
    def grant! badgeset_id, level, badgeable = nil 
     b = self.with_badge_set(badgeset_id).first || 
     Badging.new(
      :badge_set_id => badgeset_id, 
      :badge => Badge.by_ids(badgeset_id, level), 
      :badgeable => badgeable, 
      :user => proxy_owner 
     ) 
     b.level_up(level) unless b.new_record? 
     b.save 
    end 
    def ungrant! badgeset_id, badgeable = nil 
     Badging.destroy_all({:user_id => proxy_owner.id, :badge_set_id => badgeset_id, 
     :badgeable_id => badgeable.try(:id), :badgeable_type => badgeable.try(:class)}) 
    end 
    end 
    has_many :badges, :through => :badgings 
end 

虽然这个工作 - 这可能是一个更好的解决方案 - 我不认为这是一个实际的回答如何做）多键的外键的问题，或b）通过关联工作的动态条件关联。所以如果有人有解决方案，请说出来。

Answer 1

看起来像它可能锻炼最好，如果你把徽章分成两个模型。以下是我如何分解它以实现所需的功能。我投入了一些有名的范围来保持实际上干净的代码。

class BadgeSet 
    has_many :badges 
end 

class Badge 
    belongs_to :badge_set 
    validates_uniqueness_of :badge_set_id, :scope => :level 

    named_scope :with_level, labmda {|level 
    { :conditions => {:level => level} } 
    } 

    named_scope :next_levels, labmda {|level 
    { :conditions => ["level > ?", level], :order => :level } 
    } 

    def next_level 
    Badge.next_levels(level).first 
    end 
end 

class Badging < ActiveRecord::Base 
    belongs_to :user 
    belongs_to :badge 
    belongs_to :badge_set 
    belongs_to :badgeable, :polymorphic => true 

    validates_uniqueness_of :badge_set_id, :scope => [:user_id, :badgeable_id] 
    validates_presence_of :badge_set_id, :badge_id, :user_id 

    named_scope :with_badge_set, lambda {|badge_set| 
    {:conditions => {:badge_set_id => badge_set} } 
    } 

    def level_up(level = nil) 
    self.badge = level ? badge_set.badges.with_level(level).first 
     : badge.next_level 
    save 
    end 
end 

class User < ActiveRecord::Base 
    has_many :badgings, :dependent => :destroy do 
    def grant badgeset, level, badgeable = nil 
     b = badgings.with_badgeset(badgeset).first() || 
     badgings.build(
      :badge_set => :badgeset, 
      :badge => badgeset.badges.level(level), 
      :badgeable => badgeable 
     ) 

     b.level_up(level) unless b.new_record? 

     b.save 
    end 
    end 
    has_many :badges, :through => :badgings 
    # .... 
end