如何防止通过多个依赖项链接到相同的本机库？

问题：我该如何解决（或修复）我的两个依赖项链接到同一个库的情况，但该库无法链接两次？这看起来像是一个通常可以通过共享库解决的问题，但我不确定如何使用Rust进行处理。如何防止通过多个依赖项链接到相同的本机库？

详情：

我使用一个数据库的Nickel framework和rust-postgres提出一个web应用程序中生锈。建设时，我得到了以下错误：

> cargo build 
native library `openssl` is being linked to by more than one package, and can only be linked to by one package 

    openssl-sys v0.3.3 (https://github.com/sfackler/rust-openssl.git#ee66da60) 
    openssl-sys v0.3.3

通过Cargo.lock看，OpenSSL是通过HTTP引用（这是镍的依赖）和防锈的Postgres。

我Cargo.toml看起来是这样的：

[package] 

name = "goodoldweb" 
version = "0.0.1" 
authors = ["..."] 

[dependencies.nickel] 
git="https://github.com/nickel-org/nickel.rs.git" 

[dependencies.postgres] 
git="https://github.com/sfackler/rust-postgres.git"

下面是完整的Cargo.lock：

[root] 
name = "goodoldweb" 
version = "0.0.1" 
dependencies = [ 
"nickel 0.1.0 (git+https://github.com/nickel-org/nickel.rs.git)", 
"postgres 0.6.1 (git+https://github.com/sfackler/rust-postgres.git)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "byteorder" 
version = "0.2.4" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 

[[package]] 
name = "gcc" 
version = "0.1.7" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 

[[package]] 
name = "groupable" 
version = "0.1.0" 
source = "git+https://github.com/nickel-org/groupable-rs#efc8d769f611558f086322cd8d2d5ff53314e435" 

[[package]] 
name = "http" 
version = "0.1.0-pre" 
source = "git+https://github.com/nickel-org/rust-http.git#1997192b7662ee5bf3bf381bfd9e2aa70f85a545" 
dependencies = [ 
"openssl 0.3.3 (git+https://github.com/sfackler/rust-openssl.git)", 
"time 0.1.17 (git+https://github.com/rust-lang/time)", 
"url 0.2.18 (git+https://github.com/nickel-org/rust-url.git)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "libc" 
version = "0.1.2" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 

[[package]] 
name = "libressl-pnacl-sys" 
version = "2.1.4" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 
dependencies = [ 
"pnacl-build-helper 1.3.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "log" 
version = "0.2.3" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 

[[package]] 
name = "matches" 
version = "0.1.2" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 

[[package]] 
name = "nickel" 
version = "0.1.0" 
source = "git+https://github.com/nickel-org/nickel.rs.git#8c2e6a9bdbce0a3ec53d559b86f5060ee1ea6c29" 
dependencies = [ 
"groupable 0.1.0 (git+https://github.com/nickel-org/groupable-rs)", 
"http 0.1.0-pre (git+https://github.com/nickel-org/rust-http.git)", 
"log 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"nickel_macros 0.0.1 (git+https://github.com/nickel-org/nickel.rs.git)", 
"plugin 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"regex 0.1.14 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"regex_macros 0.1.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"rust-mustache 0.3.0 (git+https://github.com/nickel-org/rust-mustache.git)", 
"rustc-serialize 0.2.12 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"time 0.1.17 (git+https://github.com/rust-lang/time)", 
"typemap 0.0.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"url 0.2.18 (git+https://github.com/nickel-org/rust-url.git)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "nickel_macros" 
version = "0.0.1" 
source = "git+https://github.com/nickel-org/nickel.rs.git#8c2e6a9bdbce0a3ec53d559b86f5060ee1ea6c29" 

[[package]] 
name = "openssl" 
version = "0.3.3" 
source = "git+https://github.com/sfackler/rust-openssl.git#ee66da6060c57bc86906261ee3d684fac1fd05e4" 
dependencies = [ 
"openssl-sys 0.3.3 (git+https://github.com/sfackler/rust-openssl.git)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "openssl" 
version = "0.3.3" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 
dependencies = [ 
"openssl-sys 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "openssl-sys" 
version = "0.3.3" 
source = "git+https://github.com/sfackler/rust-openssl.git#ee66da6060c57bc86906261ee3d684fac1fd05e4" 
dependencies = [ 
"gcc 0.1.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"libressl-pnacl-sys 2.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"pkg-config 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "openssl-sys" 
version = "0.3.3" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 
dependencies = [ 
"gcc 0.1.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"libressl-pnacl-sys 2.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"pkg-config 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "phantom" 
version = "0.0.3" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 

[[package]] 
name = "phf" 
version = "0.6.6" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 
dependencies = [ 
"phf_shared 0.6.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "phf_macros" 
version = "0.6.6" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 
dependencies = [ 
"phf_shared 0.6.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"rand 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "phf_shared" 
version = "0.6.6" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 

[[package]] 
name = "pkg-config" 
version = "0.2.0" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 

[[package]] 
name = "plugin" 
version = "0.2.1" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 
dependencies = [ 
"typemap 0.0.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "pnacl-build-helper" 
version = "1.3.2" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 

[[package]] 
name = "postgres" 
version = "0.6.1" 
source = "git+https://github.com/sfackler/rust-postgres.git#fe6ae0c63a6e5d66d2afb785605b7d89ec47062d" 
dependencies = [ 
"byteorder 0.2.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"log 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"openssl 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"phf 0.6.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"phf_macros 0.6.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"rustc-serialize 0.2.12 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"time 0.1.17 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "rand" 
version = "0.1.2" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 
dependencies = [ 
"libc 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"log 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "regex" 
version = "0.1.14" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 

[[package]] 
name = "regex_macros" 
version = "0.1.8" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 
dependencies = [ 
"regex 0.1.14 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "rust-mustache" 
version = "0.3.0" 
source = "git+https://github.com/nickel-org/rust-mustache.git#58ed857c88f8e5230913c382034601f37141b4ee" 
dependencies = [ 
"log 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"rustc-serialize 0.2.12 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "rustc-serialize" 
version = "0.2.12" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 

[[package]] 
name = "time" 
version = "0.1.17" 
source = "git+https://github.com/rust-lang/time#0960d5e21b332088b04f62117514b0a02fd31259" 
dependencies = [ 
"gcc 0.1.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"libc 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "time" 
version = "0.1.17" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 
dependencies = [ 
"gcc 0.1.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"libc 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "typemap" 
version = "0.0.8" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 
dependencies = [ 
"phantom 0.0.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"unsafe-any 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
] 

[[package]] 
name = "unsafe-any" 
version = "0.2.2" 
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index" 

[[package]] 
name = "url" 
version = "0.2.18" 
source = "git+https://github.com/nickel-org/rust-url.git#5801582b307c16f759b5fe11dec71385af86180c" 
dependencies = [ 
"matches 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
"rustc-serialize 0.2.12 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", 
]

来源

2015-02-12 Erik

您可以发布完整的'Cargo.lock'吗？ – huon 2015-02-12 06:35:08

看来，罪魁祸首是[镍 - 铁锈-http]（https://github.com/nickel-org/rust-http）（这是镍的依赖）带来了'sfackler/rust- openssl'而不是crates.io上的“官方”。不幸的是，锈的http回购没有启用问题，但我打开了一个关于镍的主要回购：[＃139]（https://github.com/nickel-org/nickel.rs/issues/149） – 2015-02-12 12:07:53

Renato：这看起来像是我的解决方案，如果你把它作为答案我会接受它。现在，也许我只是做一个本地的http分支，看看我是否可以在不进行大规模检修的情况下交换依赖关系。 – Erik 2015-02-12 13:17:52

看来，罪魁祸首是事实，nickel-org's rust-http（是镍的依赖）带来sfackler/rust-openssl而不是crates.io上的“官方”openssl。不幸的是，rust-http回购没有启用问题，但我在镍的主要回购中打开了一个：#139

来源

2015-02-12 15:05:25

如何防止通过多个依赖项链接到相同的本机库？

回答

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