在多个表单中使用相同的串行端口实例

Question

我很新的C#，我试图用一个通用串口3种不同的形式：Form2, Form3, Form4

Form1.cs并不需要这个，因为它只是需要推出其他形式的节目。基本上，所有3个表单必须同时从同一个串行端口接收数据。我面临的问题是，只有一个表单可以从串口接收数据，但其他两种表单不能。

我发现了一个类似的问题：

Using same serial port data received event on two different forms

类似于雷这个问题？如果是的话，我可以知道应该在哪里将示例代码放在我的代码中的上述链接中？

有人可以帮忙吗？提前致谢！

Form1中：

public partial class Form1 : Form 
{ 
    public Form1() 
    { 
     InitializeComponent(); 
    } 

    private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
    { 
     Form2 f2 = new Form2(); 
     f2.Show(); 
     Form3 f3 = new Form3(); 
     f3.Show(); 
     Form4 f4 = new Form4(); 
     f4.Show(); 
    } 

    private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
    { 
     this.Close(); 
    } 
} 

窗体2：

public partial class Form2 : Form 
{ 
    GMapControl MainMap = new GMapControl(); 
    //Initialise data type for latituide and longitude 
    double lat, lng; 
    //Initialise customise marker (plane maker). Declared as m. 
    GMapMarkerImage m = new GMapMarkerImage(new PointLatLng()); 
    GMapOverlay overlayOne; 

    public Form2() 
    { 
     InitializeComponent(); 

     SuspendLayout(); 

     overlayOne = new GMapOverlay(MainMap, "OverlayOne"); 
     MainMap.MapProvider = GMapProviders.YahooMap; 

     MainMap.SetCurrentPositionByKeywords("Singapore"); 
     MainMap.MinZoom = 1; 
     MainMap.MaxZoom = 24; 
     MainMap.Zoom = 13; 
     MainMap.CanDragMap = true; 
     MainMap.DragButton = MouseButtons.Left; 
     MainMap.Dock = DockStyle.Fill; 
     MainMap.Manager.Mode = AccessMode.ServerAndCache; 

     Controls.Add(MainMap); 
     ResumeLayout(true); 


    } 

    public void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
    { 
     if (!serialPort1.IsOpen) //if serial port is not open 
      try 
      { 
       serialPort1.Open(); //Open Serial Port 
       if (lat != 0 && lng != 0) //Display marker only when GPS has receive data 
       { 
        overlayOne.Markers.Add(m);   //Add marker on the position given to the overlayOne layer 
        MainMap.Overlays.Add(overlayOne); //Add overlayOne layer to the MainMap layer 
       } 
      } 
      catch 
      { 
       //A message box will display this message, informing user either a wrong port has been chosen, or have not been plugged in. 
       MessageBox.Show("There was an error. Please make sure that the correct port was selected, and the device, plugged in."); 
      } 

    } 

    public void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
    { 
     if (serialPort1.IsOpen)    // if Serial Port is open 
     { 
      serialPort1.Close();    //Close Serial 
      overlayOne.Markers.Remove(m); 
     } 
    } 

    //When microsoft visual studio receive data 
    public void serialPort1_DataReceived(object sender, System.IO.Ports.SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e) 
    { 
     this.Invoke(new EventHandler(DoUpdate)); //for function DoUpdate 

     //Pause Microsoft Visual Studio for 100 milliseconds from receiving data, 
     //to ensure serialPort can be close successfully 
     Thread.Sleep(100); 
    } 

    //Function for updating data. Declared as DoUpdate. 
    public void DoUpdate(object sender, EventArgs e) 
    { 
     string[] c = serialPort1.ReadLine().Split(','); //Stored data seperately by using array & using the Split() function 

     lat = Convert.ToDouble(c[9]);    //Convert Latitude string data to double data 
     lng = Convert.ToDouble(c[10]);    //Convert Longitude string data to double data 

     //Input lat and lng data in m. 
     //Updating the position of the marker 
     m.Position = new PointLatLng(lat, lng); 

    } 
} 

Form3：

public partial class Form3 : Form 
    { 
     public Form3() 
     { 
      InitializeComponent(); 

     } 

     private void pictureBox1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
     { 
      if (!serialPort1.IsOpen) //if serial port is not open 
       try 
       { 
        serialPort1.Open(); //Open Serial Port 

        //Enable blocks to have colour 
        // ... 
       } 
       catch 
       { 
        //A message box will display this message, informing user either a wrong port has been chosen, or have not been plugged in. 
        MessageBox.Show("There was an error. Please make sure that the correct port was selected, and the device, plugged in."); 
       } 

     } 

     private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
     { 
      if (serialPort1.IsOpen)    // if serial port is open 
      { 
       serialPort1.Close();     // Close serial Port 

       //Clear data in textboxes 
       FrontSonar.Text = " "; 
       LeftSonar.Text = " "; 
       RightSonar.Text = " "; 

       //Clear colours in the boxes 
       // ... 
      } 
     } 

     private void serialPort1_DataReceived(object sender, System.IO.Ports.SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e) //When microsoft visual studio receive data 
     { 
      this.Invoke(new EventHandler(DoUpdate1)); //To update and ensure sonar data infront of UAV can be displayed without error 
      this.Invoke(new EventHandler(DoUpdate2)); //To update and ensure sonar data left side of UAV can be displayed without error 
      this.Invoke(new EventHandler(DoUpdate3)); //To update and ensure sonar data on the right side of UAV can be displayed without error 

      Thread.Sleep(100); 
     } 

     private void DoUpdate1(object s, EventArgs e) //Display for Sonar infront of UAV 
     { 
      string[] c = serialPort1.ReadLine().Split(','); //Stored data seperately by using array & using the Split() function 
      FrontSonar.Text = c[1] + "\n"; 
      double d = Convert.ToDouble(c[1]); 

      if (d > 500) 
      { 
       //Fill blocks with green 
       this.rectangleShape1.FillColor = System.Drawing.Color.Green; 
       this.rectangleShape2.FillColor = System.Drawing.Color.Green; 
       this.rectangleShape3.FillColor = System.Drawing.Color.Green; 
      } 
      else 
       if (d > 400 && d <= 500) 
       { 
        //Fill block with Orange colour 
        this.rectangleShape1.FillColor = System.Drawing.Color.Orange; 
        this.rectangleShape2.FillColor = System.Drawing.Color.Orange; 

        //Fill block with Lavender colour 
        this.rectangleShape3.FillColor = System.Drawing.Color.Lavender; 
       } 
       else 
        if (d <= 400) 
        { 
         //Fill block with red colour 
         this.rectangleShape1.FillColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red; 

         //Fill block with Lavender colour 
         this.rectangleShape2.FillColor = System.Drawing.Color.Lavender; 
         this.rectangleShape3.FillColor = System.Drawing.Color.Lavender; 
        } 

     } 


     private void DoUpdate2(object s, EventArgs e) //Display for Sonar on the left side of UAV 
     { 
      string[] c = serialPort1.ReadLine().Split(','); //Stored data seperately by using array & using the Split() function 
      // .... 

     } 

     private void DoUpdate3(object s, EventArgs e) //Display for Sonar on the right side of UAV 
     { 
      string[] c = serialPort1.ReadLine().Split(','); //Stored data seperately by using array & using the Split() function 
      // ... 
     }  
    } 

Form4：（仍在进行中）

public partial class Form4 : Form 
{ 
    public Form4() 
    { 
     InitializeComponent(); 
    } 
} 

Answer 1

是的，你可以。下面是实现这一目标的关键点：

1. 打开串口一次，你的方法if (!port.IsOpened) { port.Open(); }是正确的，在一个静态方法提取这一点，并在每个表单（F2，F3，F4）调用，以避免复制/粘贴这段代码片段。

2. serialPort变量应该在所有三种形式共享，因此相同的打开和初始化端口实例将是所有形式的访问。考虑到Form1类您提供，创建和初始化代码，开放的端口，然后通过构造函数注入传递的SerialPort的初始化实例为其他形式的类，基本上添加SerialPort port构造函数参数Form2,3,4类，然后：

   // renamed button1_Click 
   private void OnSetup(object sender, EventArgs e) 
   { 
       this.port = new SerialPort(...); 
       // TODO: initialize port 
   
       Form2 f2 = new Form2(this.port); 
       f2.Show(); 
       Form3 f3 = new Form3(this.port); 
       f3.Show(); 
       Form4 f4 = new Form4(this.port); 
       f4.Show(); 
   } 
   

3. 然后在每个表单构造器中只需订阅serialPort.DataReceived事件，就是这样。

   public Form2(SerialPort port) 
   { 
       port.DataReceived += ... 
   } 
   

一些建议，

• 给变量和方法，更描述性的名称，而不是form1，form2，c，d，button2_Click
• 避免变量幻数，提取常量，给描述性名称，例如有多个出现400,500个神奇的数字，它们是什么都不清楚。
• 在评论的代码，你说Pause Microsoft Visual Studio...，microsoft visual studio receives data...，这是不正确的，你的应用程序的执行（但不是Visual Studio中）将被暂停，同时Thread.Sleep()和你applciation将收到一个进来的串口数据，Visual Studio是只是一个开发环境，在这种情况下不直接涉及港口通信。