Django的：重复键值违反唯一约束

Question

我有一个笑话型号：

class Joke(models.Model): 
... 
    date_created = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, blank=True) 
    date_modified = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, blank=True) 
    creator = models.OneToOneField(User, default=1) 

现在，当我尝试迁移的最后一行我得到的错误。基本上，我希望将用户链接到笑话对象，因为我已经有一个数据库，我想要的默认值是1，这是管理员用户的ID（我查了...）。 makemigrations工作得很好，但当我尝试迁移时，我得到这个：

Operations to perform: 
    Apply all migrations: jokes_app, sessions, contenttypes, auth, taggit, default, admin 
Running migrations: 
    Rendering model states... DONE 
    Applying jokes_app.0008_auto_20160723_1559...Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute 
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) 
psycopg2.IntegrityError: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "jokes_app_joke_creator_id_key" 
DETAIL: Key (creator_id)=(1) already exists. 


The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception: 

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "./manage.py", line 10, in <module> 
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 353, in execute_from_command_line 
    utility.execute() 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 345, in execute 
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 348, in run_from_argv 
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 399, in execute 
    output = self.handle(*args, **options) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 200, in handle 
    executor.migrate(targets, plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 92, in migrate 
    self._migrate_all_forwards(plan, full_plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 121, in _migrate_all_forwards 
    state = self.apply_migration(state, migration, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 198, in apply_migration 
    state = migration.apply(state, schema_editor) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/migration.py", line 123, in apply 
    operation.database_forwards(self.app_label, schema_editor, old_state, project_state) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/operations/fields.py", line 201, in database_forwards 
    schema_editor.alter_field(from_model, from_field, to_field) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 482, in alter_field 
    old_db_params, new_db_params, strict) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/schema.py", line 110, in _alter_field 
    new_db_params, strict, 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 644, in _alter_field 
    [new_default], 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 110, in execute 
    cursor.execute(sql, params) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 79, in execute 
    return super(CursorDebugWrapper, self).execute(sql, params) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute 
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 95, in __exit__ 
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise 
    raise value.with_traceback(tb) 
    File "/home/antoni4040/Documents/Jokes_Website/django-jokes/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute 
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) 
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "jokes_app_joke_creator_id_key" 
DETAIL: Key (creator_id)=(1) already exists. 

我真的不明白什么是错的。有任何想法吗？

Answer 1

OneToOne领域强制执行，因为它的名字一样，一个一比一的关系，而你的情况是指一个用户可以是一个创造者，只有一个笑话 - 绝对不是你想要的。改为使用ForeignKey：

creator = models.ForeignKey(User, default=1, on_delete=models.SET_DEFAULT)