BeautifulSoup：获取具有特定属性的元素，独立于它的价值

Question

想象一下，我有以下的html：

<div id='0'> 
    stuff here 
</div> 

<div id='1'> 
    stuff here 
</div> 

<div id='2'> 
    stuff here 
</div> 

<div id='3'> 
    stuff here 
</div> 

有没有一种简单的方法来提取具有属性id所有div的，独立的它的价值使用BeautifulSoup？我意识到用xpath来做这件事很简单，但似乎没有办法在BeautifulSoup中进行xpath搜索。

Answer 1

使用id=True只匹配有设置该属性的元素：

soup.find_all('div', id=True) 

逆工作过;你可以排除标签与id属性：

soup.find_all('div', id=False): 

要查找与标签给定的属性，你也可以使用CSS selectors：

soup.select('div[id]'): 

但不支持搜索所需的运营商反过来，不幸的。

演示：

>>> from bs4 import BeautifulSoup 
>>> sample = '''\ 
... <div id="id1">This has an id</div> 
... <div>This has none</div> 
... <div id="id2">This one has an id too</div> 
... <div>But this one has no clue (or id)</div> 
... ''' 
>>> soup = BeautifulSoup(sample) 
>>> soup.find_all('div', id=True) 
[<div id="id1">This has an id</div>, <div id="id2">This one has an id too</div>] 
>>> soup.find_all('div', id=False) 
[<div>This has none</div>, <div>But this one has no clue (or id)</div>] 
>>> soup.select('div[id]') 
[<div id="id1">This has an id</div>, <div id="id2">This one has an id too</div>] 

Answer 2

BeautifulSoup4支持commonly-used css selectors。

>>> import bs4 
>>> 
>>> soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(''' 
... <div id="0"> this </div> 
... <div> not this </div> 
... <div id="2"> this too </div> 
... ''') 
>>> soup.select('div[id]') 
[<div id="0"> this </div>, <div id="2"> this too </div>]