Spring Boot Maven - 无法将Web应用程序打包为可执行的jar/war

我正试图学习如何使用Spring Boot和MVC构建Web应用程序。Spring Boot Maven - 无法将Web应用程序打包为可执行的jar/war

我能够创建一个Spring启动应用程序，并通过执行我的SpringBootWebApplication类中的main方法从我的Eclipse中运行它。它工作正常，我可以通过点击http://localhost:8080来启动我的应用程序。

现在，我想打包我的应用程序作为一个可执行的WAR或JAR（我不知道哪一个是正确的！）。要做到这一点，我在pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> 
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 
    <groupId>org.sriram</groupId> 
    <artifactId>springboot</artifactId> 
    <packaging>war</packaging> 
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 
    <name>springboot Maven Webapp</name> 
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> 
    <parent> 
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> 
     <version>1.5.1.RELEASE</version> 
    </parent> 

    <properties> 
     <java.version>1.8</java.version> 
    </properties> 

    <dependencies> 
     <!-- Web --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 
     </dependency> 
     <!-- Tomcat Embed --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> 
      <scope>provided</scope> 
     </dependency> 
     <!-- JSTL --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> 
     </dependency> 
     <!-- To compile JSP files --> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId> 
      <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId> 
      <scope>provided</scope> 
     </dependency> 
    </dependencies> 


    <build> 
     <plugins> 
      <!-- Package as an executable jar/war --> 
      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
       <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 
      </plugin> 
     </plugins> 
    </build> 
</project>

为了记录增加了一个叫做spring-boot-maven-plugin生成插件，我创建了一个基于教程here

当我从命令提示符下运行mvn clean package -e这个POM，我得到一个错误如下所示：

[INFO] Error stacktraces are turned on. 
[INFO] Scanning for projects... 
[INFO] 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
[INFO] Building springboot Maven Webapp 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
[WARNING] The POM for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin:jar:1.5.1.RELEASE is invalid, transitive dependencies (if any) will not be available, enable debug logging for more details 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
[INFO] Total time: 0.890 s 
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-08-01T13:03:42+05:30 
[INFO] Final Memory: 8M/184M 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
[ERROR] Plugin org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.5.1.RELEASE or one of its dependencies could not be resolved: Failed to read artifact descriptor for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin:jar:1.5.1.RELEASE: 1 problem was encountered while building the effective model for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin:[unknown-version] 
[ERROR] [FATAL] Non-parseable POM C:\Users\Sriram\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-parent\1.5.1.RELEASE\spring-boot-parent-1.5.1.RELEASE.pom: in epilog non whitespace content is not allowed but got r (position: END_TAG seen ...</profiles>\n</project>\nr... @946:2) @ C:\Users\Sriram\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-parent\1.5.1.RELEASE\spring-boot-parent-1.5.1.RELEASE.pom, line 946, column 2 
[ERROR] -> [Help 1] 
org.apache.maven.plugin.PluginResolutionException: Plugin org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.5.1.RELEASE or one of its dependencies could not be resolved: Failed to read artifact descriptor for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin:jar:1.5.1.RELEASE 
     at org.apache.maven.plugin.internal.DefaultPluginDependenciesResolver.resolve(DefaultPluginDependenciesResolver.java:117) 
     at org.apache.maven.plugin.internal.DefaultMavenPluginManager.getPluginDescriptor(DefaultMavenPluginManager.java:181) 
     at org.apache.maven.plugin.internal.DefaultMavenPluginManager.getMojoDescriptor(DefaultMavenPluginManager.java:286) 
     at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.getMojoDescriptor(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:241) 
     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.DefaultLifecycleMappingDelegate.calculateLifecycleMappings(DefaultLifecycleMappingDelegate.java:110) 
     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.DefaultLifecycleExecutionPlanCalculator.calculateLifecycleMappings(DefaultLifecycleExecutionPlanCalculator.java:266) 
     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.DefaultLifecycleExecutionPlanCalculator.calculateMojoExecutions(DefaultLifecycleExecutionPlanCalculator.java:217) 
     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.DefaultLifecycleExecutionPlanCalculator.calculateExecutionPlan(DefaultLifecycleExecutionPlanCalculator.java:127) 
     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.DefaultLifecycleExecutionPlanCalculator.calculateExecutionPlan(DefaultLifecycleExecutionPlanCalculator.java:145) 
     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.BuilderCommon.resolveBuildPlan(BuilderCommon.java:96) 
     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:110) 
     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:81) 
     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder.build(SingleThreadedBuilder.java:51) 
     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:128) 
     at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:309) 
     at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:194) 
     at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:107) 
     at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:993) 
     at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:345) 
     at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:191) 
     at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 
     at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) 
     at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) 
     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) 
     at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:289) 
     at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:229) 
     at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:415) 
     at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:356) 
Caused by: org.eclipse.aether.resolution.ArtifactDescriptorException: Failed to read artifact descriptor for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin:jar:1.5.1.RELEASE 
     at org.apache.maven.repository.internal.DefaultArtifactDescriptorReader.loadPom(DefaultArtifactDescriptorReader.java:339) 
     at org.apache.maven.repository.internal.DefaultArtifactDescriptorReader.readArtifactDescriptor(DefaultArtifactDescriptorReader.java:199) 
     at org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.DefaultRepositorySystem.readArtifactDescriptor(DefaultRepositorySystem.java:296) 
     at org.apache.maven.plugin.internal.DefaultPluginDependenciesResolver.resolve(DefaultPluginDependenciesResolver.java:103) 
     ... 27 more 
Caused by: org.apache.maven.model.building.ModelBuildingException: 1 problem was encountered while building the effective model for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin:[unknown-version] 
[FATAL] Non-parseable POM C:\Users\Sriram\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-parent\1.5.1.RELEASE\spring-boot-parent-1.5.1.RELEASE.pom: in epilog non whitespace content is not allowed but got r (position: END_TAG seen ...</profiles>\n</project>\nr... @946:2) @ C:\Users\Sriram\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-parent\1.5.1.RELEASE\spring-boot-parent-1.5.1.RELEASE.pom, line 946, column 2 

     at org.apache.maven.model.building.DefaultModelProblemCollector.newModelBuildingException(DefaultModelProblemCollector.java:197) 
     at org.apache.maven.model.building.DefaultModelBuilder.readModel(DefaultModelBuilder.java:581) 
     at org.apache.maven.model.building.DefaultModelBuilder.readParentExternally(DefaultModelBuilder.java:1097) 
     at org.apache.maven.model.building.DefaultModelBuilder.readParent(DefaultModelBuilder.java:829) 
     at org.apache.maven.model.building.DefaultModelBuilder.build(DefaultModelBuilder.java:331) 
     at org.apache.maven.repository.internal.DefaultArtifactDescriptorReader.loadPom(DefaultArtifactDescriptorReader.java:321) 
     ... 30 more 
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging. 
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles: 
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/PluginResolutionException

我没有从我的源代码中得到任何编译错误。考虑到当我在eclipse中运行主要方法时，我的应用程序能够启动，为什么我的Maven包装不起作用？我可以找出以下几点：基于堆栈跟踪

，我打开了该文件C：\用户\ Sriram.m2 \库\组织\ springframework的\启动\弹簧引导家长\ 1.5.1.RELEASE \ spring-boot-parent-1.5.1.RELEASE.pom使用记事本+ +，它确实有一些错误 - 我的意思是XML似乎格式不正确，Notepad ++也抛出了一个解析错误。

虽然我可以看出这是问题，但我不确定XML是如何在由我的Maven Pom自动设置的情况下最终损坏的。我错过了什么？

感谢，斯利拉姆

来源

2017-08-01 sriramsridharan

尝试从本地存储库中删除它，然后再试一次 –

好了，正如我在对畸形的春天提问时表示-boot-parent-1.5.1.RELEASE.pom文件，结果证明XML文档末尾有一些内容是不可解析的。我从POM中删除了额外的内容并保存，并且该包成功。但我不明白的是，POM怎么可能最终变得格格不入呢？这可能是一个网络问题或什么？ – sriramsridharan

你（至少）两两件事来纠正。

第一：你的Maven构建失败：

[FATAL]非解析的POM C：\用户\ Sriram.m2 \库\组织\ springframework的\启动\弹簧引导家长\ 1.5.1.RELEASE \ spring-boot-parent-1.5.1.RELEASE.pom： in epilog非空白内容不允许，但得到r（位置： END_TAG见过... \ n \ nr ... @ 946 ：2）@ C：\ Users \ Sriram.m2 \ repository \ org \ springframework \ boot \ spring-boot-parent \ 1.5.1.RELEASE \ spring-boot-parent-1.5.1.RELEASE.pom， line 946，第2栏

原因不是你的实际pom，而是spring-boot-parent-1.5.1.RELEASE.pom依赖关系，似乎损坏。
因此，首先删除C:\Users\Sriram.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-parent\1.5.1.RELEASE\文件夹并重新启动构建以下载它。

问题二：创建一个可执行的JAR或战争，你必须使用 spring-boot:repackage目标。

从plugin documentation：

重新包装：创建一个jar或war文件，它是自动执行。它可以用替换常规工件，或者可以使用单独的分类器附加到生成生命周期。

在你的pom中，你没有指定repackage的目标。
您只指定spring-boot-maven-plugin：

<build> 
    <plugins> 
     <!-- Package as an executable jar/war --> 
     <plugin> 
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 
     </plugin> 
    </plugins> 
</build>

因此，通过替换它：

<build> 
    <plugins> 
     <!-- Package as an executable jar/war --> 
     <plugin> 
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>   
      <executions> 
       <execution> 
       <goals> 
        <goal>repackage</goal> 
       </goals> 
       </execution> 
      </executions> 
     </plugin> 
    </plugins> 
</build>

来源

2017-08-01 07:47:19 davidxxx

你的第二点不正确 –

啊。你能解释一下吗？ – davidxxx

在我所有的项目中，我没有指定目标，我可以将它们打包，检查弹簧启动的spring.io指南，目标不是必需的 –

Spring Boot Maven - 无法将Web应用程序打包为可执行的jar/war

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