2017-06-29 36 views
0

这是我的某个程序的代码。但是,什么是杀害我的是,在功能getTotalX,在内部如果块的for循环,当标志break语句后更新为0事实上,它得到更新回到1。这是为什么发生?我认为break语句可以帮助我摆脱for循环,并直接转到下一个语句。break语句后分配的值会发生什么?

#include <stdio.h> 


int getTotalX(int a_size, int* a, int b_size, int* b){ 
    int min = a[a_size-1]; 
    int max = b[0]; 
    int count = 0; 

    for(int i = min; i <= max; i++){ 
     int flag1 = 1, flag2 = 1; 
     for(int j = 0; j < a_size; j++){ 
      printf("In array a,value of %d mod %d is %d \n",i,a[j],i%a[j]); 
      if((i % a[j]) != 0){ 
       int flag1 = 0; 
       printf("flag1 set to 0. Check flag1 = %d\n",flag1); 
       break; 
      } 
     } 
     printf("Checkpoint2, value of flag1 = %d\n",flag1); 
     if(flag1 != 0){ 
      for(int k =0; k < b_size; k++){ 
       printf("In array b,value of %d mod %d is %d \n",b[k],i,b[k]%i); 
       if((b[k] % i) != 0){ 
        int flag2 = 0; 
        printf("flag2 set to 0. Check flag2 = %d\n",flag2); 
        break; 
       } 
      } 
     } 
     printf("Checkpoint3, value of flag2 = %d\n",flag2); 


     if((flag1 == 1) && (flag2 == 1)){ 
      printf("Value of flag1 = %d and flag2 = %d\n",flag1,flag2); 
      printf("%d \n ",i); 
      count++; 
     } 
    } 
    return(count); 

} 

int main() { 
    int n; 
    int m; 
    scanf("%d %d", &n, &m); 
    int *a = malloc(sizeof(int) * n); 
    for(int a_i = 0; a_i < n; a_i++){ 
     scanf("%d",&a[a_i]); 
    } 
    int *b = malloc(sizeof(int) * m); 
    for(int b_i = 0; b_i < m; b_i++){ 
     scanf("%d",&b[b_i]); 
    } 
    int total = getTotalX(n, a, m, b); 
    printf("%d\n", total); 
    return 0; 
} 

所有的打印声明都是为了帮助我弄清楚我哪里出错了。我可以改变逻辑来使其工作,但请帮助我理解为什么会发生这种情况?

回答

2

在内部for内的if块声明的int flag1从外for的块宣布int flag1一个不同的变量。只要宣布第二个int flag1前一个是被遮蔽的,并且直到发生阴影声明的块的末尾才能按名称访问。

for(int i = min; i <= max; i++){ 
    int flag1 = 1, flag2 = 1;     // This is the outer flag1 
    for(int j = 0; j < a_size; j++){ 
     printf("In array a,value of %d mod %d is %d \n",i,a[j],i%a[j]); 
     if((i % a[j]) != 0){ 
      int flag1 = 0;     // This is the inner flag1 
     // The inner flag1 and the outer flag1 are different variables. 
     // The inner flag1 is set to zero, the outer flag1 is not changed. 
      printf("flag1 set to 0. Check flag1 = %d\n",flag1); 
      break; 
     } 
     // The brace ending the block ends the scope of the inner flag1. 
     // From now on the name flag1 refers to the outer flag1. 
    } 
+3

的好处['-Wshadow'](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25151524/get-warning-when-a-variable-is-shadowed)不能被低估。 – dhke

+0

哦,太棒了!哇。 – momo