2016-07-30 105 views
4

我想做一个注释,类似于here,但我需要显示范围,而不是单个点的x。这就像技术图纸中的dimension lines如何在matplotlib中注释x轴的范围?


这里是我所期待的一个例子:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
import numpy as np 

xx = np.linspace(0,10) 
yy = np.sin(xx) 

fig, ax = plt.subplots(1,1, figsize=(12,5)) 
ax.plot(xx,yy) 
ax.set_ylim([-2,2]) 
# ----------------------------------------- 
# The following block attempts to show what I am looking for 
ax.plot([4,6],[1,1],'-k') 
ax.plot([4,4],[0.9,1.1],'-k') 
ax.plot([6,6],[0.9,1.1],'-k') 
ax.annotate('important\npart', xy=(4, 1.5), xytext=(4.5, 1.2)) 

enter image description here


如何标注一个范围在maplotlib图?


我使用:

蟒蛇:3.4.3 + numpy的:1.11.0 + matplotlib:1.5.1

回答

2

你可以使用两次调用ax.annotate - 一个以添加文本一到画一个箭头与平端跨越范围要注释:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
import numpy as np 

xx = np.linspace(0,10) 
yy = np.sin(xx) 

fig, ax = plt.subplots(1,1, figsize=(12,5)) 
ax.plot(xx,yy) 
ax.set_ylim([-2,2]) 

ax.annotate('', xy=(4, 1), xytext=(6, 1), xycoords='data', textcoords='data', 
      arrowprops={'arrowstyle': '|-|'}) 
ax.annotate('important\npart', xy=(5, 1.5), ha='center', va='center') 

enter image description here

1

使用ali_m's answer,我可以定义这个功能,也许这可以成为别人的某个时候:)


功能

def annotation_line(ax, xmin, xmax, y, text, ytext=0, linecolor='black', linewidth=1, fontsize=12): 

    ax.annotate('', xy=(xmin, y), xytext=(xmax, y), xycoords='data', textcoords='data', 
      arrowprops={'arrowstyle': '|-|', 'color':linecolor, 'linewidth':linewidth}) 
    ax.annotate('', xy=(xmin, y), xytext=(xmax, y), xycoords='data', textcoords='data', 
      arrowprops={'arrowstyle': '<->', 'color':linecolor, 'linewidth':linewidth}) 

    xcenter = xmin + (xmax-xmin)/2 
    if ytext==0: 
     ytext = y + (ax.get_ylim()[1] - ax.get_ylim()[0])/20 

    ax.annotate(text, xy=(xcenter,ytext), ha='center', va='center', fontsize=fontsize) 

呼叫

annotation_line(ax=ax, text='Important\npart', xmin=4, xmax=6, \ 
        y=1, ytext=1.4, linewidth=2, linecolor='red', fontsize=18) 
有用

输出

enter image description here