为什么rspec'期望raise_error'失败，当返回的消息是'ActiveRecord :: RecordInvalid'

Question

下面的rspec测试失败了，但失败测试旁边提供的消息似乎是预期的结果。

describe '#validate_maximum_pending_actions_not_been_reached' do 
    let(:action) { build :action, status: 'pending' } 
    before :each do 
    10.times do 
     create :action, status: 'pending' 
    end 
    end 
    it 'does not save the 11th action' do 
    expect(action.save).to raise_error #(ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid,'Validation failed: maximum number of pending actions already reached') 
    end 
end 


Failure/Error: let(:action) { build :action, status: 'pending' } 
    ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: 
    Validation failed: maximum number of pending actions already reached 

我曾尝试是通过省略该错误信息，并简单地希望较不具体的是，测试将raise_error。测试仍然失败，但给出了上面的说明，表明确实出现了错误。

我在做什么错？

被测试的方法如下：

validate :validate_maximum_pending_actions_not_been_reached 
def validate_maximum_pending_actions_not_been_reached 
    errors[:base] << "maximum number of pending actions already reached" unless Action.where(status: 'pending').size <= 10 
end 

Answer 1

你的规格应为在这样的块。另外你也可以指定错误类错误

it 'does not save the 11th action' do 
    expect{ action.save! }.to raise_error(ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid) #(ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid,'Validation failed: maximum number of pending actions already reached') 
    end