如何用JUNIT测试spring jdbcTemplate？

Question

我有一个DAO，我正在尝试使用jdbcTemplate进行测试。 Spring jdbcTemplate上有一个datasoruce属性，需要设置它才能工作。但是，当JUNIT测试运行时，数据源不存在，并且bean创建失败。我如何设置jdbcTemplate的数据源在JUNIT测试用例中工作？

任何帮助表示赞赏。

感谢

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'thisDatasource' defined in class path resource [userDataBaseContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file: java.naming.factory.initial 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1420) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:322) 
    ... 33 more 
Caused by: javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file: java.naming.factory.initial 
    at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(NamingManager.java:645) 
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:288) 
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:325) 
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(InitialContext.java:392) 
    at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate$1.doInContext(JndiTemplate.java:154) 
    at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate.execute(JndiTemplate.java:87) 
    at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate.lookup(JndiTemplate.java:152) 
    at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate.lookup(JndiTemplate.java:178) 
    at org.springframework.jndi.JndiLocatorSupport.lookup(JndiLocatorSupport.java:95) 
    at org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectLocator.lookup(JndiObjectLocator.java:105) 
    at org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean.lookupWithFallback(JndiObjectFactoryBean.java:201) 
    at org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(JndiObjectFactoryBean.java:187) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1479) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1417) 
    ... 40 more 

Answer 1

我解决了使用从以下链接信息我的问题：

How to test a mocked JNDI datasource with Spring?

而不是用我的春天文件中定义的数据源，我刚刚创建了一个新的数据源：

<bean id="thisDatasource" 
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" 
p:driverClassName="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver" 
p:url="jdbc:sqlserver://sqlserver:1234;databaseName=myTables" 
p:username="userid" 
p:password="passw0rd" /> 


<bean id="databaseUserDAOTest" 
class="com.spring.security.custom.user.detail.DatabaseUserDAO" > 
<!-- Inject the datasource of the jdbcTemplate --> 
<property name="dataSource" ref="thisDatasource" />   
</bean> 

Answer 2

使用Spring Testing Framework。它允许您的单元测试利用为您的应用程序上下文配置的Spring容器。设置完成后，您可以在数据源上使用@Autowired来注入测试jdbcTemplate所需的数据源。

这是我使用Spring-Data进行测试的一个例子。

import org.junit.Test; 
import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; 
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; 
import org.tothought.entities.Post; 
import org.tothought.entities.PostPart; 
import org.tothought.entities.Tag; 

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@ContextConfiguration 
@Transactional 
public class PostRepositoryTest { 

    @Autowired 
    TagRepository tagRepository; 

    @Test 
    public void findOneTest() { 
     Post post = repository.findOne(1); 
     assertNotNull(post); 
     assertTrue(post.getTags().size()>1); 
    } 
} 

注意@ContextConfiguration注释。这个注解指向用于设置Spring容器的上下文，然后我从中注入我的存储库。由于我没有为我的上下文指定名称，因此Spring会在与具有名称PostRepositoryTest-context.xml的测试类相同的目录中搜索配置文件。这个设置在上面提供的文档中有更详细的描述。

要开始使用该项目，请在您的pom.xml文件中包含以下内容。

<dependency> 
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> 
    <version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version> 
</dependency>