介绍
这个问题很有意思。问题是Funcs代表和表达式是trees，它们是完全不同的结构。当你使用你当前的扩展实现时，它会使用循环，并在每个元素的每个步骤上执行你的选择器，它运行良好。但是当我们谈论实体框架和LINQ时，我们需要遍历树来将其转换为SQL查询。所以它比Funcs更“小”一些（但我仍然喜欢表达式），并且存在如下所述的一些问题。
当你想要做左外连接，您可以使用这样的事情（从这里取：How to implement left join in JOIN Extension method）
var leftJoin = p.Person.Where(n => n.FirstName.Contains("a"))
.GroupJoin(p.PersonInfo,
n => n.PersonId,
m => m.PersonId,
(n, ms) => new { n, ms = ms.DefaultIfEmpty() })
.SelectMany(z => z.ms.Select(m => new { n = z.n, m));
这是件好事，但它不是我们所需要的扩展方法。我想你需要的东西是这样的：
using (var db = new Database1Entities("..."))
{
var my = db.A.LeftOuterJoin2(db.B, a => a.Id, b => b.IdA,
(a, b) => new { a, b, hello = "Hello World!" });
// other actions ...
}
有创造这样的扩展许多困难的部分：
- 手动创建复杂的树，编译器将不会帮助我们在这里是需要方法
- 思考像
Where，Select等
- 匿名类型（!!我们在这里需要CODEGEN ??我希望没有）
个
步骤
考虑2个简单的表格：A（列：ID，文本）和B（列编号，IDA，文本）。
OUTER JOIN可以在3个步骤来实现：
// group join as usual + use DefaultIfEmpty
var q1 = Queryable.GroupJoin(db.A, db.B, a => a.Id, b => b.IdA,
(a, b) => new { a, groupB = b.DefaultIfEmpty() });
// regroup data to associated list a -> b, it is usable already, but it's
// impossible to use resultSelector on this stage,
// beacuse of type difference (quite deep problem: some anonymous type != TOuter)
var q2 = Queryable.SelectMany(q1, x => x.groupB, (a, b) => new { a.a, b });
// second regroup to get the right types
var q3 = Queryable.SelectMany(db.A,
a => q2.Where(x => x.a == a).Select(x => x.b),
(a, b) => new {a, b});
代码
好吧，我不这么好的柜员，这里是他的代码，我有（对不起，我无法格式化它更好，但它的工作原理！）：
public static IQueryable<TResult> LeftOuterJoin2<TOuter, TInner, TKey, TResult>(
this IQueryable<TOuter> outer,
IQueryable<TInner> inner,
Expression<Func<TOuter, TKey>> outerKeySelector,
Expression<Func<TInner, TKey>> innerKeySelector,
Expression<Func<TOuter, TInner, TResult>> resultSelector)
{
// generic methods
var selectManies = typeof(Queryable).GetMethods()
.Where(x => x.Name == "SelectMany" && x.GetParameters().Length == 3)
.OrderBy(x=>x.ToString().Length)
.ToList();
var selectMany = selectManies.First();
var select = typeof(Queryable).GetMethods().First(x => x.Name == "Select" && x.GetParameters().Length == 2);
var where = typeof(Queryable).GetMethods().First(x => x.Name == "Where" && x.GetParameters().Length == 2);
var groupJoin = typeof(Queryable).GetMethods().First(x => x.Name == "GroupJoin" && x.GetParameters().Length == 5);
var defaultIfEmpty = typeof(Queryable).GetMethods().First(x => x.Name == "DefaultIfEmpty" && x.GetParameters().Length == 1);
// need anonymous type here or let's use Tuple
// prepares for:
// var q2 = Queryable.GroupJoin(db.A, db.B, a => a.Id, b => b.IdA, (a, b) => new { a, groupB = b.DefaultIfEmpty() });
var tuple = typeof(Tuple<,>).MakeGenericType(
typeof(TOuter),
typeof(IQueryable<>).MakeGenericType(
typeof(TInner)
)
);
var paramOuter = Expression.Parameter(typeof(TOuter));
var paramInner = Expression.Parameter(typeof(IEnumerable<TInner>));
var groupJoinExpression = Expression.Call(
null,
groupJoin.MakeGenericMethod(typeof (TOuter), typeof (TInner), typeof (TKey), tuple),
new Expression[]
{
Expression.Constant(outer),
Expression.Constant(inner),
outerKeySelector,
innerKeySelector,
Expression.Lambda(
Expression.New(
tuple.GetConstructor(tuple.GetGenericArguments()),
new Expression[]
{
paramOuter,
Expression.Call(
null,
defaultIfEmpty.MakeGenericMethod(typeof (TInner)),
new Expression[]
{
Expression.Convert(paramInner, typeof (IQueryable<TInner>))
}
)
},
tuple.GetProperties()
),
new[] {paramOuter, paramInner}
)
}
);
// prepares for:
// var q3 = Queryable.SelectMany(q2, x => x.groupB, (a, b) => new { a.a, b });
var tuple2 = typeof (Tuple<,>).MakeGenericType(typeof (TOuter), typeof (TInner));
var paramTuple2 = Expression.Parameter(tuple);
var paramInner2 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(TInner));
var paramGroup = Expression.Parameter(tuple);
var selectMany1Result = Expression.Call(
null,
selectMany.MakeGenericMethod(tuple, typeof (TInner), tuple2),
new Expression[]
{
groupJoinExpression,
Expression.Lambda(
Expression.Convert(Expression.MakeMemberAccess(paramGroup, tuple.GetProperty("Item2")),
typeof (IEnumerable<TInner>)),
paramGroup
),
Expression.Lambda(
Expression.New(
tuple2.GetConstructor(tuple2.GetGenericArguments()),
new Expression[]
{
Expression.MakeMemberAccess(paramTuple2, paramTuple2.Type.GetProperty("Item1")),
paramInner2
},
tuple2.GetProperties()
),
new[]
{
paramTuple2,
paramInner2
}
)
}
);
// prepares for final step, combine all expressinos together and invoke:
// var q4 = Queryable.SelectMany(db.A, a => q3.Where(x => x.a == a).Select(x => x.b), (a, b) => new { a, b });
var paramTuple3 = Expression.Parameter(tuple2);
var paramTuple4 = Expression.Parameter(tuple2);
var paramOuter3 = Expression.Parameter(typeof (TOuter));
var selectManyResult2 = selectMany
.MakeGenericMethod(
typeof(TOuter),
typeof(TInner),
typeof(TResult)
)
.Invoke(
null,
new object[]
{
outer,
Expression.Lambda(
Expression.Convert(
Expression.Call(
null,
select.MakeGenericMethod(tuple2, typeof(TInner)),
new Expression[]
{
Expression.Call(
null,
where.MakeGenericMethod(tuple2),
new Expression[]
{
selectMany1Result,
Expression.Lambda(
Expression.Equal(
paramOuter3,
Expression.MakeMemberAccess(paramTuple4, paramTuple4.Type.GetProperty("Item1"))
),
paramTuple4
)
}
),
Expression.Lambda(
Expression.MakeMemberAccess(paramTuple3, paramTuple3.Type.GetProperty("Item2")),
paramTuple3
)
}
),
typeof(IEnumerable<TInner>)
),
paramOuter3
),
resultSelector
}
);
return (IQueryable<TResult>)selectManyResult2;
}
使用
又一次的用法：
db.A.LeftOuterJoin2(db.B, a => a.Id, b => b.IdA,
(a, b) => new { a, b, hello = "Hello World!" });
看着这个，你能想到的是这一切的SQL查询？这可能是巨大的。你猜怎么了？这是相当小的：
SELECT
1 AS [C1],
[Extent1].[Id] AS [Id],
[Extent1].[Text] AS [Text],
[Join1].[Id1] AS [Id1],
[Join1].[IdA] AS [IdA],
[Join1].[Text2] AS [Text2],
N'Hello World!' AS [C2]
FROM [A] AS [Extent1]
INNER JOIN (SELECT [Extent2].[Id] AS [Id2], [Extent2].[Text] AS [Text], [Extent3].[Id] AS [Id1], [Extent3].[IdA] AS [IdA], [Extent3].[Text2] AS [Text2]
FROM [A] AS [Extent2]
LEFT OUTER JOIN [B] AS [Extent3] ON [Extent2].[Id] = [Extent3].[IdA]) AS [Join1] ON [Extent1].[Id] = [Join1].[Id2]
希望它有帮助。
您正在收到什么确切的错误消息？我在想的方法是'IQueryable'实际上*是一个'IEnumerable'，因此适用于IEnumerable的方法也适用于这个实例，您是否尝试过使用适用于IEnumerable的方法，然后简单地将其转换为' IQueryable'通过调用'.AsQueryable（）'？ – aevitas
不同之处在于，IQueryable由查询提供程序转换为正确的SQL，然后针对数据库执行正确的SQL，此时IEnumerable基于LINQ to Objects。 IQueryable需要表达式树作为参数，IEnumerable可以与代表一起使用。 – MarcinJuraszek