当这个字符串与一个句子的一部分匹配时从数组中删除字符串 - Perl

Question

我匹配字符串中的多个模式来填充一个数组。输入文件看起来是这样的：

I love cat [chats;chaton;chatterie] and rabbit [lapins;lapereau] # J'aime les chats et les lapins # 2.8 
My father [père;parent;papa] lives in New-York # Mon père vit à New-York  # 1.8 

我用这个代码：

use strict; 
use warnings; 
use Data::Dump; 

open(TEXT, "<", "$ARGV[0]") 
    or die "cannot open < $ARGV[0]: $!"; 

while(my $text = <TEXT>) 
{ 
    my @lines = split /\n/, $text; 

    foreach my $line (@lines) { 
     if ($line =~ /(^(.+)\t(.+)\t(.+)$)/){ 
      my $english_sentence = $2; 
      my $french_sentence = $3; 
      my $score = $4; 

      print $english_sentence."#".$french_sentence.""; 

      my @data = map [ split /;/ ], $line =~/\[ ([^\[\]]+) \] /xg; 
      dd \@data; 
     } 
     print "\n"; 
    } 
} 
close TEXT; 

这里是输出：

I love cat [chats;chaton;chatterie] and rabbit [lapins;lapereau] # J'aime les chats et les lapins 
Array==>[["chats", "chaton", "chatterie"], ["lapins", "lapereau"]] 

My father [père;parent;papa] lives in New-York # Mon père vit à New-York 
Array==>[["père", "parent", "papa"]] 

我需要在此字符串删除数组中的字符串与句子的一部分相匹配。最后，我想要得到这样的结果：

I love cat [chats;chaton;chatterie] and rabbit [lapins;lapereau] # J'aime les chats et les lapins 
[["chats"], ["lapins"]] 

My father [père;parent;papa] lives in New-York # Mon père vit à New-York 
[["père"]] 

Answer 1

这会照你的要求去做。它只是使用grep和一个正则表达式来将每个列表缩小为仅出现在法语句子中的那些单词。

use utf8; 
use strict; 
use warnings; 
use 5.010; 
use autodie; 

use open qw/ :std :encoding(UTF-8) /; 

use Data::Dump; 

open my $fh, '<', 'sentences.txt'; 

while (<$fh>) { 

    my @sentences = split /\s*#\s*/; 
    next unless @sentences == 3; 

    print join(' # ', @sentences[0,1]), "\n"; 

    my @data = map [ split /;/ ], $sentences[0] =~/\[ ([^\[\]]+) \] /xg; 
    $_ = [ grep { $sentences[1] =~ /\b\Q$_\E\b/ } @$_ ] for @data; 

    dd \@data; 
    print "\n"; 
} 

输出

I love cat [chats;chaton;chatterie] and rabbit [lapins;lapereau] # J'aime les chats et les lapins 
[["chats"], ["lapins"]] 

My father [père;parent;papa] lives in New-York # Mon père vit à New-York 
[["p\xE8re"]] 

---

更新

按照要求，该代码将修改这些词列表就地，使它们包含只出现的话在翻译。

use utf8; 
use strict; 
use warnings; 
use 5.010; 
use autodie; 

use open qw/ :std :utf8 /; 

open my $fh, '<', 'sentences.txt'; 

while (<$fh>) { 

    my @sentences = split /\s*#\s*/; 
    next unless @sentences == 3; 

    print join(' # ', @sentences[0,1]), "\n"; 

    $sentences[0] =~ s{ \[ ([^\[\]]+) \] }{ 
    my @words = split /;/, $1; 
    @words = grep { $sentences[1] =~ /\b\Q$_\E\b/ } @words; 
    sprintf "[%s]", join ';', @words; 
    }exg; 

    print join(' # ', @sentences[0,1]), "\n\n"; 

} 

输出

I love cat [chats;chaton;chatterie] and rabbit [lapins;lapereau] # J'aime les chats et les lapins 
I love cat [chats] and rabbit [lapins] # J'aime les chats et les lapins 

My father [père;parent;papa] lives in New-York # Mon père vit à New-York 
My father [père] lives in New-York # Mon père vit à New-York 

Answer 2

您还可以通过创建的法文句子的单词的哈希做到这一点。
这可能会更快，因为它避免了第三个正则表达式。

use strict; 
use warnings; 

while (<DATA>) { 
    my ($English, $French, $repl, %FrWords); 
    if (($English, $French) = m/^([^#]*)\#([^#]*)\#/) { 
     @FrWords{ split /\h+/, $French } = undef; 
     $English =~ s{ \[ ([^\[\]]*) \] }{ 
       $repl = join(';', grep { exists $FrWords{$_} } split /;/, $1); 
       '['. (length($repl) ? $repl : '') .']'; 
      }xeg; 
     print $English, '#', $French, "\n"; 
    } 
} 
__DATA__ 

I love cat [chats;chaton;chatterie] and rabbit [lapins;lapereau] # J'aime les chats et les lapins # 2.8 
My father [père;parent;papa] lives in New-York # Mon père vit à New-York  # 1.8 

输出

I love cat [chats] and rabbit [lapins] # J'aime les chats et les lapins 
My father [père] lives in New-York # Mon père vit à New-York