如何在XML文档中从Django/Python中的XML标签中提取数据？

Question

我有我加载在我views.py文件外部XML文件

def test(request): 

    url = urllib2.urlopen("http://someurl.com?xml") 
    dom = minidom.parse(url) 

    groups = dom.getElementsByTagName("group") 

    deal_holder = [] 

    # Iterate over each DOM group element: 
    for group in groups: 
     # Iterate over each child node 
     for groupChild in group.childNodes: 
      deal_holder.append(groupChild) 

    return render_to_response('folder/test.html', {'deal_holder':deal_holder}) 

这是加载XML文件的样子：

<page> 
    <site> 
     <siteid>25550</siteid> 
     <sitename> 
      <![CDATA[ Some Text Here ]]> 
     </sitename> 
     <sitelink> 
      http://somelinkehere.com 
     </sitelink> 
     <timezone> 
      <![CDATA[ Pacific Time ]]> 
     </timezone> 
    </site> 
    <groups> 
     <enablefeaturedgroup>OFF</enablefeaturedgroup> 
     <group> 
      <groupid>467246</groupid> 
      <groupname> 
       <![CDATA[ Today's Deal ]]> 
      </groupname> 
      <groupdescription> 
       <![CDATA[ ]]> 
      </groupdescription> 
      </group> 
      <group> 
      <groupid>467247</groupid> 
      <groupname> 
       <![CDATA[ Past Deals ]]> 
      </groupname> 
      <groupdescription> 
       <![CDATA[ ]]> 
      </groupdescription> 
     </group> 
    </groups> 
</page> 

的问题是，所有的例子我已经看到使用类似我正在使用的东西，除了他们通常具有这样的XML标签：<weather:forecast day="Wed" date="14 Sep 2011" low="56" high="72" text="AM Clouds/PM Sun" code="30"/>，并能够从像day="Wed"，date="14 Sep 2011"，low="56"等等东西检索信息，但我想要检索的信息其实是介于een的标签，如<siteid>25550</siteid>

任何意见或信息将不胜感激。

Answer 1

随着lxml你可以做这样的事情：

import lxml.etree 

tree = lxml.etree.parse("http://someurl.com") 
sites = tree.xpath("//site") 

for site in sites: 
    siteid = site.find("siteid").text 
    print siteid 

Answer 2

使用minidom命名颇为相似的JavaScript。

from xml.dom import minidom 
from StringIO import StringIO 
a = """<page> 
    <site> 
     <siteid>25550</siteid> 
     <sitename> 
      <![CDATA[ Some Text Here ]]> 
     </sitename> 
     <sitelink> 
      http://somelinkehere.com 
     </sitelink> 
     <timezone> 
      <![CDATA[ Pacific Time ]]> 
     </timezone> 
    </site> 
    <groups> 
     <enablefeaturedgroup>OFF</enablefeaturedgroup> 
     <group> 
      <groupid>467246</groupid> 
      <groupname> 
       <![CDATA[ Today's Deal ]]> 
      </groupname> 
      <groupdescription> 
       <![CDATA[ ]]> 
      </groupdescription> 
      </group> 
      <group> 
      <groupid>467247</groupid> 
      <groupname> 
       <![CDATA[ Past Deals ]]> 
      </groupname> 
      <groupdescription> 
       <![CDATA[ ]]> 
      </groupdescription> 
     </group> 
    </groups> 
</page> 
""" 
tree = minidom.parse(StringIO(a)) 
groups = tree.getElementsByTagName("group") 

使用StringIO如果您使用的urllib不是必需的，因为minidom的parse方法需要一个类文件对象（urllib.urlopen只返回）。

我建议不要将此列表传递给django模板系统。你应该进一步解析它。

# Iterate over each DOM group element: 
group_dictionaries = [] 
for group in groups: 
    group_dict = {} 
    # Iterate over each child node 
    # instead of for loop maybe print groupChildNodes[0] for groupid 
    # print groupChildNodes[1] for groupname 
    for groupChild in group.ChildNodes: 
     # do something with each node 
     group_dict[groupChild.tagName] = groupChild.data 
    group_dictionaries.append(group_dict) 

    Now in the template: 
    {% for group in group_dictionaries %} 
     {{ group.groupid }} 
     {{ group.groupname }} 
     etc. 
    {% endfor %} 

您可以将它们的值保存在字典列表中。