SQL查询 - 返回数据被发现的字段

Question

我有一个电话号码搜索查询在SQL中，我想知道我怎么能有一列显示在什么字段数据被发现。有什么办法可以做到这一点？ 这是我的查询：

Select DISTINCT ST.SCHOOLID, 
ST.STUDENT_NUMBER, 
ST.LASTFIRST, 
ST.GRADE_LEVEL 
FROM PS.STUDENTS ST 
LEFT OUTER JOIN PS.U_GUARDIANS GA 
ON ST.DCID = GA.STUDENTSDCID 
LEFT OUTER JOIN PS.U_DEMO DE 
ON ST.DCID = DE.STUDENTSDCID 
LEFT OUTER JOIN PS.U_EMERGENCY EME 
ON ST.DCID = EME.STUDENTSDCID 
LEFT OUTER JOIN PS.U_STUDENT_HISTORY PREV 
ON ST.DCID = EME.STUDENTSDCID 
WHERE ST.Home_Phone LIKE '%param1%' 
OR DE.STUDENT_CELL LIKE '%param1%' 
OR GA.G1_PHONE1 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR GA.G1_PHONE2 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR GA.G1_WORK_PHONE LIKE '%param1%' 
OR GA.G2_PHONE1 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR GA.G2_PHONE2 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR GA.G2_WORK_PHONE LIKE '%param1%' 
OR GA.G3_PHONE1 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR GA.G3_PHONE2 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR GA.G3_WORK_PHONE LIKE '%param1%' 
OR GA.G4_PHONE1 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR GA.G4_PHONE2 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR GA.G4_WORK_PHONE LIKE '%param1%' 
OR EME.EC1_Phone1 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR EME.EC1_Phone2 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR EME.EC2_Phone1 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR EME.EC2_Phone2 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR EME.EC3_Phone1 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR EME.EC3_Phone2 LIKE '%param1%' 
OR PREV.Prev_School_Phone LIKE '%param1%' 
OR PREV.Prev_School_Fax LIKE '%param1%' 
OR ST.Doctor_Phone LIKE '%param1%' 
order by ST.lastfirst 

谢谢

Answer 1

一种方法是使用一个CROSS APPLY：

Select DISTINCT 
    ST.SCHOOLID, 
    ST.STUDENT_NUMBER, 
    ST.LASTFIRST, 
    ST.GRADE_LEVEL, 
    C.Col -- Column name 
FROM PS.STUDENTS ST 
LEFT OUTER JOIN PS.U_GUARDIANS GA 
    ON ST.DCID = GA.STUDENTSDCID 
LEFT OUTER JOIN PS.U_DEMO DE 
    ON ST.DCID = DE.STUDENTSDCID 
LEFT OUTER JOIN PS.U_EMERGENCY EME 
    ON ST.DCID = EME.STUDENTSDCID 
LEFT OUTER JOIN PS.U_STUDENT_HISTORY PREV 
    ON ST.DCID = EME.STUDENTSDCID 
CROSS APPLY 
(
    VALUES 
    ('ST.Home_Phone', ST.Home_Phone), 
    ('DE.STUDENT_CELL', DE.STUDENT_CELL), 
    ('GA.G1_PHONE1', GA.G1_PHONE1), 
    ('GA.G1_PHONE2', GA.G1_PHONE2), 
    ('GA.G1_WORK_PHONE', GA.G1_WORK_PHONE), 
    ('GA.G2_PHONE1', GA.G2_PHONE1), 
    ('GA.G2_PHONE2', GA.G2_PHONE2), 
    ('GA.G2_WORK_PHONE', GA.G2_WORK_PHONE), 
    ('GA.G3_PHONE1', GA.G3_PHONE1), 
    ('GA.G3_PHONE2', GA.G3_PHONE2), 
    ('GA.G3_WORK_PHONE', GA.G3_WORK_PHONE), 
    ('GA.G4_PHONE1', GA.G4_PHONE1), 
    ('GA.G4_PHONE2', GA.G4_PHONE2), 
    ('GA.G4_WORK_PHONE', GA.G4_WORK_PHONE), 
    ('EME.EC1_Phone1', EME.EC1_Phone1), 
    ('EME.EC1_Phone2', EME.EC1_Phone2), 
    ('EME.EC2_Phone1', EME.EC2_Phone1), 
    ('EME.EC2_Phone2', EME.EC2_Phone2), 
    ('EME.EC3_Phone1', EME.EC3_Phone1), 
    ('EME.EC3_Phone2', EME.EC3_Phone2), 
    ('PREV.Prev_School_Phone', PREV.Prev_School_Phone), 
    ('PREV.Prev_School_Fax', PREV.Prev_School_Fax), 
    ('ST.Doctor_Phone', ST.Doctor_Phone) 
) AS C(Col, Val) 
WHERE C.Val LIKE '%param1%' 
ORDER BY ST.lastfirst; 

如果列的类型是不一样的类型（例如，一个是整数），这可能会引发错误，在这种情况下，您需要将交叉应用中的列转换为相同的类型。

此方法还会为每个匹配的列重复行（例如，如果它与列A和B匹配，您将获得一行val1，val2，val3，val4，A和一行val1，val2 ，val3，val4，B）。如果这是一个问题，可以稍微调整交叉应用的工作方式来解决这个问题。

编辑：

举个例子样本数据，运行这将显示您的查询应该做的：

DECLARE @T TABLE 
(
    SchoolID INT NOT NULL, Student_Number INT NOT NULL, LastFirst INT NOT NULL, Grade_Level INT NOT NULL, 
    Home_Phone VARCHAR(255), Student_Cell VARCHAR(255), Phone1 VARCHAR(255), Phone2 VARCHAR(255), Phone3 VARCHAR(255), 
    Phone4 VARCHAR(255), RandomColumnName VARCHAR(255), ABCDEFGHIJKL VARCHAR(255) 
); 

INSERT @T (SchoolID, Student_Number, LastFirst, Grade_Level, Home_Phone, Student_Cell, Phone1, Phone2, Phone3, Phone4, RandomColumnName, ABCDEFGHIJKL) VALUES 
(1, 1, 1, 1, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 'sdgfagagparam1sdasf', NULL, NULL), 
(1, 1, 1, 2, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 'asdfparam1sadf', NULL, NULL, NULL), 
(1, 1, 1, 3, NULL, NULL, 'param1asdf', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL), 
(1, 1, 2, 1, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 'adfparam1', NULL), 
(1, 1, 2, 2, NULL, 'qqqparam1', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL), 
(1, 2, 1, 2, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 'param1', NULL, NULL, 'param1'), 
(2, 1, 1, 2, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL); 

SELECT DISTINCT 
    T.SchoolID, 
    T.Student_Number, 
    T.LastFirst, 
    T.Grade_Level, 
    C.Col 
FROM @T AS T 
CROSS APPLY 
(
    VALUES 
    ('Home_Phone', Home_Phone), 
    ('Student_Cell', Student_Cell), 
    ('Phone1', Phone1), 
    ('Phone2', Phone2), 
    ('Phone3', Phone3), 
    ('Phone4', Phone4), 
    ('RandomColumnName', RandomColumnName), 
    ('ABCDEFGHIJKL', ABCDEFGHIJKL) 
) AS C(Col, Val) 
WHERE C.Val LIKE '%param1%';