Visual Studio中的SQL Server数据库创建脚本

Question

作为我正在开发的ASP.NET MVC项目的一部分，我将使用SQL Server 2008 Express。

我不知道我应该怎么做有一个版本控制（我使用Mercurial）重新创建数据库的方式。

理想情况下，应运行每次我在Visual Studio中进行编译时间2008年

编辑1：针对情侣的答案，我使用Visual Studio 2008专业版，这是我收到通过Dreamspark程序。

Answer 1

根据您的一些项目细节，有几种方法可以完成此操作。我们有.sql文件，在执行时重新创建数据库。这允许脚本进入源代码管理，并像其他所有内容一样进行版本控制。它还允许在产品投入生产时添加更改脚本。

我们用这个砸在我们的数据库中的所有对象：

private static void DropDatabaseObjects() 
    { 
     var dropDatabaseObjects = 
      @" 
        /* Drop all non-system stored procs */ 
        DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
        DECLARE @constraint VARCHAR(254) 
        DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254) 
        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'P' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name]) 
        WHILE @name is not null 
        BEGIN 
         SELECT @SQL = 'DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']' 
         EXEC (@SQL) 
         PRINT 'Dropped Procedure: ' + @name 
         SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'P' AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name]) 
        END 

        /* Drop all views */ 
        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'V' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name]) 
        WHILE @name IS NOT NULL 
        BEGIN 
         SELECT @SQL = 'DROP VIEW [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']' 
         EXEC (@SQL) 
         PRINT 'Dropped View: ' + @name 
         SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'V' AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name]) 
        END 

        /* Drop all functions */ 
        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] IN (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT') AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name]) 
        WHILE @name IS NOT NULL 
        BEGIN 
         SELECT @SQL = 'DROP FUNCTION [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']' 
         EXEC (@SQL) 
         PRINT 'Dropped Function: ' + @name 
         SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] IN (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT') AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name]) 
        END       

        /* Drop all Foreign Key constraints */ 
        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME) 
        WHILE @name is not null 
        BEGIN 
         SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND TABLE_NAME = @name ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME) 
         WHILE @constraint IS NOT NULL 
         BEGIN 
          SELECT @SQL = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +'] DROP CONSTRAINT ' + RTRIM(@constraint) 
          EXEC (@SQL) 
          PRINT 'Dropped FK Constraint: ' + @constraint + ' on ' + @name 
          SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME <> @constraint AND TABLE_NAME = @name ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME) 
         END 
        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME) 
        END 

        /* Drop all Primary Key constraints */ 
        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME) 
        WHILE @name IS NOT NULL 
        BEGIN 
         SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' AND TABLE_NAME = @name ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME) 
         WHILE @constraint is not null 
         BEGIN 
          SELECT @SQL = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +'] DROP CONSTRAINT ' + RTRIM(@constraint) 
          EXEC (@SQL) 
          PRINT 'Dropped PK Constraint: ' + @constraint + ' on ' + @name 
          SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME <> @constraint AND TABLE_NAME = @name ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME) 
         END 
        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME) 
        END 

        /* Drop all tables */ 
        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'U' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name]) 
        WHILE @name IS NOT NULL 
        BEGIN 
         SELECT @SQL = 'DROP TABLE [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']' 
         EXEC (@SQL) 
         PRINT 'Dropped Table: ' + @name 
        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'U' AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name]) 
        END"; 
     using (var connection = new SqlConnection(GetConnectionStringFromHibernateConfiguration("hibernate.cfg.xml"))) 
     using (var command = new SqlCommand(dropDatabaseObjects, connection)) 
     { 
      connection.Open(); 
      command.ExecuteNonQuery(); 
      connection.Close(); 
     } 
    } 

我们用它来重建我们的数据库（假设dbScriptFolder包含将创建所有的表，视图，存储的特效.sql文件，等）：

private static void RecreateDatabase() 
    { 
     var directoryInfo = new DirectoryInfo(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["dbScriptFolder"]); 
     using (var connection = new SqlConnection(GetConnectionStringFromHibernateConfiguration("hibernate.cfg.xml"))) 
     { 
      connection.Open(); 
      foreach (var fileInfo in directoryInfo.GetFiles()) 
      { 
       if (fileInfo.Extension == ".sql") 
       { 
        var script = ReadFromFile(fileInfo); 
        var server = new Server(new ServerConnection(connection)); 
        server.ConnectionContext.ExecuteNonQuery(script); 
       } 
      } 
      connection.Close(); 
     } 
    } 

这些方法被调用在基本的TestFixture方法，当我们运行我们的集成测试，所以我们知道我们是在一个已知的状态与我们的数据库工作。

如果你要做到这一点作为构建脚本的一部分，看看在塔伦蒂诺项目here和here

Answer 2

您是使用Visual Studio Team Suite还是Visual Studio Developer Edition？如果是这样，Visual Studio数据库版本是免费的，并且是管理数据库模式的绝佳方式。具有您可能想要的所有功能。

兰迪

Answer 3

看一看Visual Studio Team System 2008 Database Edition GDR (Or DataDude)

这允许你存储，并与数据库模式和艺术品（表，过程，触发器......几乎一切）工作。它还允许比较一个模式与另一个模式或数据库实例，并生成更改/部署脚本。

也支持参考数据（虽然这在产品寿命的这个阶段并不好）。

还有一个与MSBuild的集成 - 我现在在一个大项目上使用它，每次我们进行构建时，都会生成一个模式文件，然后我们使用它来实际生成应用于给定数据库的脚本使用VSDBCMD.EXE）。我们目前不会自动推出这些更改，但这样做并不困难。