Msbuild失败，并显示错误消息“给定的键不在字典中”。

Question

当我开始构建我的应用程序时，Msbuild抛出异常。如果任何人有任何关于这个错误的想法，请让我知道。

Unhandled Exception: Microsoft.Build.Shared.InternalErrorException: MSB0001: Internal MSBuild Error: The given key was not present in the dictionary. 
============= 
System.Collections.Generic.KeyNotFoundException: The given key was not present in the dictionary. 
at System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2.get_Item(TKey key) 
at Microsoft.Build.Construction.SolutionProjectGenerator.AddMetaprojectReferenceItems(ProjectInstance traversalProject, ProjectInstance metaprojectInstance, ProjectInSolution project) 
at Microsoft.Build.Construction.SolutionProjectGenerator.CreateMetaproject(ProjectInstance traversalProject, ProjectInSolution project, ProjectConfigurationInSolution projectConfiguration) 
at Microsoft.Build.Construction.SolutionProjectGenerator.EvaluateAndAddProjects(List`1 projectsInOrder, List`1 projectInstances, ProjectInstance traversalInstance, String selectedSolutionConfiguration) 
at Microsoft.Build.Construction.SolutionProjectGenerator.CreateSolutionProject(String wrapperProjectToolsVersion, Boolean explicitToolsVersionSpecified) 
at Microsoft.Build.Construction.SolutionProjectGenerator.Generate() 
at Microsoft.Build.Execution.ProjectInstance.GenerateSolutionWrapper(String projectFile, IDictionary`2 globalProperties, String toolsVersion, ILoggingService loggingService, BuildEventContext projectBuildEventContext) 
at Microsoft.Build.Execution.ProjectInstance.LoadSolutionForBuild(String projectFile, PropertyDictionary`1 globalPropertiesInstances, String toolsVersion, BuildParameters buildParameters, ILoggingService loggingService, BuildEventContext projectBuildEventContext) 
at Microsoft.Build.Execution.BuildManager.LoadSolutionIntoConfiguration(BuildRequestConfiguration config, BuildEventContext buildEventContext) 
at Microsoft.Build.Execution.BuildManager.HandleNewRequest(Int32 node, BuildRequestBlocker blocker) 
at Microsoft.Build.Execution.BuildManager.Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.INodePacketHandler.PacketReceived(Int32 node, INodePacket packet) 
at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.NodeManager.RoutePacket(Int32 nodeId, INodePacket packet) 
at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.NodeProviderInProc.RoutePacket(Int32 nodeId, INodePacket packet) 
at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.NodeEndpointInProc.SendData(INodePacket packet) 
at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.InProcNode.OnNewRequest(BuildRequestBlocker blocker) 
at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.BuildRequestEngine.RaiseRequestBlocked(BuildRequestBlocker blocker) 
at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.BuildRequestEngine.IssueBuildRequest(BuildRequestBlocker blocker) 
at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.BuildRequestEngine.ReportConfigurationResponse(BuildRequestConfigurationResponse response) 
at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.InProcNode.HandlePacket(INodePacket packet) 
at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.InProcNode.Run(Exception& shutdownException) 

---> System.Collections.Generic.KeyNotFoundException: The given key was not present in the dictionary. 
at System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2.get_Item(TKey key) 
at Microsoft.Build.Construction.SolutionProjectGenerator.AddMetaprojectReferenceItems(ProjectInstance traversalProject, ProjectInstance metaprojectInstance, ProjectInSolution project) 
at Microsoft.Build.Construction.SolutionProjectGenerator.CreateMetaproject(ProjectInstance traversalProject, ProjectInSolution project, ProjectConfigurationInSolution projectConfiguration) 
at Microsoft.Build.Construction.SolutionProjectGenerator.EvaluateAndAddProjects(List`1 projectsInOrder, List`1 projectInstances, ProjectInstance traversalInstance, String selectedSolutionConfiguration) 
at Microsoft.Build.Construction.SolutionProjectGenerator.CreateSolutionProject(String wrapperProjectToolsVersion, Boolean explicitToolsVersionSpecified) 
at Microsoft.Build.Construction.SolutionProjectGenerator.Generate() 
at Microsoft.Build.Execution.ProjectInstance.GenerateSolutionWrapper(String projectFile, IDictionary`2 globalProperties, String toolsVersion, ILoggingService loggingService, BuildEventContext projectBuildEventContext) 
at Microsoft.Build.Execution.ProjectInstance.LoadSolutionForBuild(String projectFile, PropertyDictionary`1 globalPropertiesInstances, String toolsVersion, BuildParameters buildParameters, ILoggingService loggingService, BuildEventContext projectBuildEventContext) 

谢谢。

Answer 1

这是一个内部错误。您可以通过异常类型以及错误代码（MSB0001）来判断。这意味着它只会发生在某些MSBuild版本中，可能只会与某些特定的项目文件一起发生。

我曾见过类似的错误出现在VS2010中，并被后续版本修复的情况。我曾见过VS2013没有出现过的情况，并且与VS2015或VS2017一起推出（未检查所有版本）。这些案件可能不相关。

要问一个关于内部工具问题的正确问题，您需要花费一些时间修改（简化）您的项目，直到您知道哪种项目文件更改（或源文件更改）会打开和关闭此问题，并且使用哪个工具版本。