使用Maven构建企业应用程序

Question

我在学习Maven，我需要一些帮助来理解它是如何工作的。

我有一个应用程序。以前的建筑是使用ANT制造的。现在我正在将它迁移到Maven。我想创建一个.ear文件。应用程序是WSDL优先的Web服务，因为我使用的是cxf-codegen-plugin Maven插件。代码生成成功，除了如何生成源文件的.jar文件外，其他部分都可以使用。

是否可以用一个Maven pom.xml文件构建应用程序？或者我需要单独的Maven文件来构建生成源的.jar文件，构建.war文件和其他pom.xml文件以最终构建.ear文件？

我Maven的文件是这样的：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 

    <groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
    <artifactId>BizzBuzzWSEAR</artifactId> 
    <version>1.0</version> 

    <packaging>ear</packaging> 

    <name>BizzBuzzWSEAR</name> 

    <properties> 
     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 
    </properties> 

    <dependencies> 
     <!-- All needed dependencies --> 
    </dependencies> 

    <build> 
     <plugins> 

      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
       <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.3.2</version> 
       <configuration> 
        <source>1.6</source> 
        <target>1.6</target> 
        <includes> 
         <include>src/main/**</include> 
        </includes> 
       </configuration> 
      </plugin> 

      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
       <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.1.1</version> 
       <configuration> 
        <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml> 
       </configuration> 
      </plugin> 

      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
       <artifactId>maven-ear-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.6</version> 
       <configuration> 
        <version>6</version> 
        <defaultLibBundleDir>lib</defaultLibBundleDir> 
       </configuration> 
      </plugin> 

      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> 
       <artifactId>cxf-codegen-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.5.2</version> 
       <executions> 
        <execution> 
         <id>generate-sources</id> 
         <phase>generate-sources</phase> 
         <configuration> 
          <sourceRoot>${project.build.directory}/generated/cxf</sourceRoot> 
          <wsdlOptions> 
           <wsdlOption> 
            <wsdl>${basedir}/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/wsdl/BizzBuzz.wsdl</wsdl> 
           </wsdlOption> 
          </wsdlOptions> 
         </configuration> 
         <goals> 
          <goal>wsdl2java</goal> 
         </goals> 
        </execution> 
       </executions> 
      </plugin> 

     </plugins> 
    </build> 

</project> 

当我运行此脚本.ear文件被创建，但在它没有.war文件。创建工件的顺序应该是：从wsdl生成代码，编译它，生成jar，构建war，构建。

如何使用Maven构建目标序列？

Answer 1

经过一番尝试和测试，我设法做到了我的自我。

我创建了一个名为BizzBu​​zzWSEAR的项目，然后我为它创建了pom.xml文件。它看起来像这样：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 
    <groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
    <artifactId>BizzBuzzWSEAR</artifactId> 
    <version>1.0</version> 
    <modules> 
     <module>BizzBuzz-web</module> 
     <module>BizzBuzz-ear</module> 
     <module>BizzBuzz-cxf</module> 
    </modules> 
    <packaging>pom</packaging> 
    <name>BizzBuzzWSEAR</name> 
</project> 

然后，我创建了其它三个模块：

BizzBu​​zz的Web - 对于Web应用程序（Web服务） BizzBu​​zz耳 - 企业应用 BizzBu​​zz-CXF - 为WSDL2Java的.jar文件

BizzBu​​zz的Web模块pom.xml看起来是这样的：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
    <parent> 
     <artifactId>BizzBuzzWSEAR</artifactId> 
     <groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
     <version>1.0</version> 
    </parent> 
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 

    <artifactId>BizzBuzz-web</artifactId> 
    <groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
    <version>1.0</version> 
    <packaging>war</packaging> 

    <name>BizzBuzz-web</name> 

    <properties> 
     <endorsed.dir>${project.build.directory}/endorsed</endorsed.dir> 
     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 
    </properties> 

    <build> 
     <plugins> 

      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
       <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.3.2</version> 
       <configuration> 
        <source>1.6</source> 
        <target>1.6</target> 
        <compilerArguments> 
         <endorseddirs>${endorsed.dir}</endorseddirs> 
        </compilerArguments> 
       </configuration> 
      </plugin> 

      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
       <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.1.1</version> 
       <configuration> 
        <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml> 
       </configuration> 
      </plugin> 

      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
       <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.1</version> 
       <executions> 
        <execution> 
         <phase>validate</phase> 
         <goals> 
          <goal>copy</goal> 
         </goals> 
         <configuration> 
          <outputDirectory>${endorsed.dir}</outputDirectory> 
          <silent>true</silent> 
          <artifactItems> 
           <artifactItem> 
            <groupId>javax</groupId> 
            <artifactId>javaee-endorsed-api</artifactId> 
            <version>6.0</version> 
            <type>jar</type> 
           </artifactItem> 
          </artifactItems> 
         </configuration> 
        </execution> 
       </executions> 
      </plugin> 

     </plugins> 
    </build> 

    <dependencies> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>javax</groupId> 
      <artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId> 
      <version>6.0</version> 
      <scope>provided</scope> 
     </dependency> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
      <artifactId>BizzBuzz-cxf</artifactId> 
      <version>1.0</version> 
      <scope>compile</scope> 
     </dependency> 
    </dependencies> 

</project> 

BizzBu ZZ-EAR模块pom.xml文件看起来是这样的：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
    <parent> 
     <artifactId>BizzBuzzWSEAR</artifactId> 
     <groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
     <version>1.0</version> 
    </parent> 
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 

    <artifactId>BizzBuzz-ear</artifactId> 
    <groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
    <version>1.0</version> 
    <packaging>ear</packaging> 

    <name>BizzBuzz-ear</name> 

    <properties> 
     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 
     <netbeans.hint.deploy.server>gfv3ee6</netbeans.hint.deploy.server> 
    </properties> 

    <build> 
     <plugins> 

      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
       <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.3.2</version> 
       <configuration> 
        <source>1.6</source> 
        <target>1.6</target> 
       </configuration> 
      </plugin> 

      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
       <artifactId>maven-ear-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.6</version> 
       <configuration> 
        <version>6</version> 
        <defaultLibBundleDir>lib</defaultLibBundleDir> 
       </configuration> 
      </plugin> 

     </plugins> 
    </build> 

    <dependencies> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
      <artifactId>BizzBuzz-web</artifactId> 
      <version>1.0</version> 
      <type>war</type> 
     </dependency> 
    </dependencies> 

</project> 

而对于BizzBu​​zz-CXF模块pom.xml文件看起来像这样：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
    <parent> 
     <artifactId>BizzBuzzWSEAR</artifactId> 
     <groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
     <version>1.0</version> 
    </parent> 
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 

    <artifactId>BizzBuzz-cxf</artifactId> 
    <groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
    <version>1.0</version> 
    <packaging>jar</packaging> 

    <name>BizzBuzz-cxf</name> 

    <build> 
     <plugins> 

      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
       <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.3.2</version> 
       <configuration> 
        <source>1.6</source> 
        <target>1.6</target> 
       </configuration> 
      </plugin> 

      <plugin> 
       <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> 
       <artifactId>cxf-codegen-plugin</artifactId> 
       <version>2.5.2</version> 
       <executions> 
        <execution> 
         <id>generate-sources</id> 
         <phase>generate-sources</phase> 
         <configuration> 
          <sourceRoot>${project.build.directory}/generated/cxf</sourceRoot> 
          <wsdlOptions> 
           <wsdlOption> 
            <wsdl>${basedir}/src/main/resources/BizzBuzz.wsdl</wsdl> 
           </wsdlOption> 
          </wsdlOptions> 
         </configuration> 
         <goals> 
          <goal>wsdl2java</goal> 
         </goals> 
        </execution> 
       </executions> 
      </plugin> 

     </plugins> 
    </build> 

</project> 

后来，当我建我的项目BizzBu​​zzWSEAR pom.xml文件建立的一切，打包到.ear文件。希望这些信息对某人有用。

Answer 2

以下是关于您所创建的POM的一些提示/建议/改进：

首先，你应该定义一个版本1.0快照而不是1.0的原因您的应用程序正在开发中，尚未发布。

在这种情况下，您有一个多模块构建，它在使用中有一些优势。您所定义的版本号和组ID每个模块中是这样的：

<parent> 
    <artifactId>BizzBuzzWSEAR</artifactId> 
    <groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
    <version>1.0</version> 
</parent> 
<artifactId>BizzBuzz-web</artifactId> 
<groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
<version>1.0</version> 
<packaging>war</packaging> 

在多模块构建和你可以将此缩短到以下（如最佳实践）：

<parent> 
    <artifactId>BizzBuzzWSEAR</artifactId> 
    <groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
    <version>1.0</version> 
</parent> 

<artifactId>BizzBuzz-web</artifactId> 
<packaging>war</packaging> 

groupId和版本将由父级继承到使pom更小的模块。

而且你应该把全局配置类似的属性：

<properties> 
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 
    </properties> 

到父POM。除此之外，您可以在父定义默认版本等的插件，以及像下面的（父）：

<build> 
    <pluginManagement> 
     <plugins> 
     <plugin> 
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
      <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 
      <version>2.3.2</version> 
      <configuration> 
       <source>1.6</source> 
       <target>1.6</target> 
      </configuration> 
     </plugin> 

     <plugin> 
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
      <artifactId>maven-ear-plugin</artifactId> 
      <version>2.6</version> 
      <configuration> 
       <version>6</version> 
       <defaultLibBundleDir>lib</defaultLibBundleDir> 
      </configuration> 
     </plugin> 
    ... 

这将导致成以下耳模块POM：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 

    <parent> 
     <artifactId>BizzBuzzWSEAR</artifactId> 
     <groupId>com.groupgti.ws.bizzbuzz</groupId> 
     <version>1.0</version> 
    </parent> 

    <artifactId>BizzBuzz-ear</artifactId> 
    <packaging>ear</packaging> 

    <name>BizzBuzz-ear</name> 

    <dependencies> 
     <dependency> 
      <groupId>${project.goupId}</groupId> 
      <artifactId>BizzBuzz-web</artifactId> 
      <version>${project.version}</version> 
      <type>war</type> 
     </dependency> 
    </dependencies> 

</project>