我需要在使用Rails3 + Mongoid的Mongodb数据库中存储IPv6地址。Mongoid:IPv6地址存储
集合中还会有(大部分)IPv4地址。
我需要将地址存储为小数,因为我必须查询属于网络的地址(我将网络和地址存储在不同的集合中)。我使用BigDecimals来存储这些地址(因为IPv6地址是128位长),但当我试图找到哪些地址属于一个网络(具体地说:在网络和广播地址之间)时,我没有发现任何工作解。
Mongoid“GTE”和“LTE”似乎只对整数工作(BigDecimals的实际上是字符串),并返回一个空列表,我没有找到一个方法来查询我mongoid模型字符串范围。
MongoDB似乎允许这(http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/min+and+max+Query+Specifiers),但我没有在mongoid文档中找到相应的语法。
查询类似下面提出了可怕的“DB断言失败”:
Network.min(address: ip.network.to_i.to_s).max(address: ip.broadcast.to_i.to_s)
“ip.to_i.to_s”提供了十进制地址的字符串表示,因为我使用的ip地址宝石。
同样的错误只用“to_i”或“BigDecimal.new(ip.network.to_i)”
的另一个解决办法是V6地址存储在2个64位整数,但它的范围查询,我要复杂得多'喜欢对v6和v4地址使用相同的行为。
有没有人有干净的方式来处理数据库中的IPv6地址查询的经验?
这是我目前的网络模式:
class Network
# INCLUSIONS
include Mongoid::Document
include Mongoid::Timestamps
# RELATIONS
belongs_to :vlan
# FIELDS
field :description
field :address, type: BigDecimal
field :prefix, type: Integer
field :v6, type: Boolean
field :routed, type: Boolean
# VALIDATIONS
validates :ip,
presence: true
# Address must be a valid IP address
validate :ip do
errors.add(:ip, :invalid) unless ip? && ip == ip.network
end
# INSTANCE METHODS
# Returns string representation of the address
def address
ip.to_s if ip
end
def address= value
raise NoMethodError, 'address can not be set directly'
end
# Provides the IPAddress object
def ip
unless @ip.is_a?(IPAddress) || self[:address].blank?
# Generate IP address
if self[:v6]
@ip = IPAddress::IPv6.parse_u128 self[:address].to_i
else
@ip = IPAddress::IPv4.parse_u32 self[:address].to_i
end
# Set IP prefix
@ip.prefix = self[:prefix] if self[:prefix]
end
@ip
end
# Sets network IP
def ip= value
value = value.to_s
@ip = value
self[:address] = nil
self[:prefix] = nil
self[:v6] = nil
begin
@ip = IPAddress value
self[:address] = @ip.to_i
self[:prefix] = @ip.prefix
self[:v6] = @ip.ipv6?
rescue
end
end
# Whether IP is a IPAddress object
def ip?
ip.is_a? IPAddress
end
# Provides network prefix
def prefix
return ip.prefix if ip?
self[:prefix]
end
def prefix= value
raise NoMethodError, 'prefix can not be set directly'
end
# Provides string representation of the network
def to_s
ip? ? ip.to_string : @ip.to_s
end
def subnets
networks = Network.min(address: ip.network.to_i.to_s).max(address: ip.broadcast.to_i.to_s)
return networks
end
end
子网的方法是一个我的工作,以检测嵌套到当前网络。
请注意,我想避免网络/子网和即将到来的主机地址之间的“强”数据库关系,以保持它们的动态性。
更新:
这是我认为的正常工作管理嵌套IP网络的最后一节课。
地址以十六进制格式存储为固定长度的字符串。它们可以存储在基址32中以匹配实际地址的大小,但是hexa更适合可读性。
子网方法提供了当前网络中所有子网的列表。
class Network
# INCLUSIONS
include Mongoid::Document
include Mongoid::Timestamps
# RELATIONS
belongs_to :vlan
# FIELDS
field :description
field :address, type: String
field :prefix, type: Integer
field :routed, type: Boolean
field :v6, type: Boolean
# VALIDATIONS
validates :ip,
presence: true
# Address must be a valid IP address
validate do
errors.add(:ip, :invalid) unless ip? && ip == ip.network
end
validate do
errors.add(:ip, :prefix_invalid_v6) if ip && ip.ipv6? && (self[:prefix] < 0 || self[:prefix] > 64)
end
# INSTANCE METHODS
# Returns string representation of the address
def address
ip.to_s if ip
end
def address= value
raise NoMethodError, 'address can not be set directly'
end
# Provides the IPAddress object
def ip
unless @ip.is_a?(IPAddress) || self[:address].blank?
# Generate IP address
if v6
@ip = IPAddress::IPv6.parse_u128 self[:address].to_i(16)
else
@ip = IPAddress::IPv4.parse_u32 self[:address].to_i(16)
end
# Set IP prefix
@ip.prefix = self[:prefix] if self[:prefix]
end
@ip
end
# Sets network IP
def ip= value
value = value.to_s
@ip = value
self[:address] = nil
self[:prefix] = nil
self[:v6] = nil
begin
@ip = IPAddress value
self[:address] = @ip.to_i.to_s(16).rjust((@ip.ipv4? ? 8 : 32), '0')
self[:prefix] = @ip.prefix
self[:v6] = @ip.ipv6?
rescue
end
end
# Whether IP is a IPAddress object
def ip?
ip.is_a? IPAddress
end
# Provides network prefix
def prefix
return ip.prefix if ip?
self[:prefix]
end
def prefix= value
raise NoMethodError, 'prefix can not be set directly'
end
# Provides string representation of the network
def to_s
ip? ? ip.to_string : @ip.to_s
end
# Provides nested subnets list
def subnets
length= ip.ipv4? ? 8 : 32
networks = Network.where(
v6: v6,
:address.gte => (ip.network.to_i.to_s(16)).rjust(length, '0'),
:address.lte => (ip.broadcast.to_i.to_s(16).rjust(length, '0')),
:prefix.gte => ip.prefix
).asc(:address).asc(:prefix)
end
end
我刚刚看到Mongoid/MongoDB似乎只支持有符号的64位整数......所以甚至不可能将小数地址存储在2个无符号的64位整数中......我可以尝试使用4个32位整数,但这会是一个烂摊子... – 2012-07-13 14:49:28