Django的继承和子类属性

有了根据这种结构：Django的继承和子类属性

class A (models.Model): 
    common_attribute = models.IntegerField() 

class B (A): 
    subclass_attribute = models.IntegerField() 

class C (models.Model) 
    a = ForeignKey(A)

...如果C的实例包含B的情况下，Django的似乎把这个作为一个实例，我可以”访问casubclass_attribute。有没有解决的办法？由于ForeignKeys的困难，我不想使用抽象继承 - 我希望C支持A的任何子类。

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2015-05-28 mpso

您可以通过使用django-polymorphic规避ForeignKey的困难。

Django的多态允许您查询的基类对象，但检索子类的实例：

>>> Project.objects.create(topic="Department Party") 
>>> ArtProject.objects.create(topic="Painting with Tim", artist="T. Turner") 
>>> ResearchProject.objects.create(topic="Swallow Aerodynamics", supervisor="Dr. Winter") 

>>> Project.objects.all() 
[ <Project:   id 1, topic "Department Party">, 
    <ArtProject:  id 2, topic "Painting with Tim", artist "T. Turner">, 
    <ResearchProject: id 3, topic "Swallow Aerodynamics", supervisor "Dr. Winter"> ]

使用Django多态性你只需要使用多态模型作为基类来声明型号：

from django.db import models 
from polymorphic import PolymorphicModel 

class ModelA(PolymorphicModel): 
    field1 = models.CharField(max_length=10) 

class ModelB(ModelA): 
    field2 = models.CharField(max_length=10) 

class ModelC(ModelB): 
    field3 = models.CharField(max_length=10)

外键也将返回子类实例，我认为这正是你想要的。

# The model holding the relation may be any kind of model, polymorphic or not 
class RelatingModel(models.Model): 
    many2many = models.ManyToManyField('ModelA') # ManyToMany relation to a polymorphic model 

>>> o=RelatingModel.objects.create() 
>>> o.many2many.add(ModelA.objects.get(id=1)) 
>>> o.many2many.add(ModelB.objects.get(id=2)) 
>>> o.many2many.add(ModelC.objects.get(id=3)) 

>>> o.many2many.all() 
[ <ModelA: id 1, field1 (CharField)>, 
    <ModelB: id 2, field1 (CharField), field2 (CharField)>, 
    <ModelC: id 3, field1 (CharField), field2 (CharField), field3 (CharField)> ]

考虑到这些查询会slightly less performant。

来源

2015-05-28 17:55:53

Django的继承和子类属性

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