在之前的块中rspec范围的问题

Question

我已经搜索了一个答案，但我似乎无法弄清楚发生了什么问题。我有一个API客户端测试，看起来像下面这样：

module MyTests 
    describe '#update' do 

    # using a before(:all) block for setup 
    before(:all) do 
     @client1 = Client.new 
     @initial_payload_state = @client1.update.payload 
    end 

    context 'with a known starting payload' do 
     # The payload is some nasty nested json so I grab an existing one 
     # and then use a helper method to convert it to a full payload. 
     # Then I update the client with the new payload. I'm using before(:each) 
     # so I can get the client into this state for every test. 
     before(:each) do 
     @full_payload_state = helper_method(@initial_payload_state) 
     end 

     context 'alter_payload_1 works' do 
     # now that I have the payload in its full state I'd like to alter it to 
     # produce a certain output 
     before(:all) do 
      @new_payload_state = alter_payload_1(@full_payload_state) 
     end 

     # I now want to update the client with the altered payload and make sure 
     # it has the same data. The request and response bodies are formatted slightly 
     # differently in this case. 
     it 'works' do 
      @updated_payload_state = @client1.update(@new_payload_state) 
      expect(payloads_equal?(@full_payload_state, @new_payload_state).to eq true 
     end 
     end 

     context 'alter_payload_2 works' do 
     before(:all) do 
      @new_payload_state = alter_payload_2(@full_payload_state) 
     end 

     it 'works' do 
      @updated_payload_state = @client1.update(@new_payload_state) 
      expect(payloads_equal?(@full_payload_state, @new_payload_state).to eq true 
     end 
     end 

在现实中，我为建立之前块是更长的时间，所以我认为是有意义的保持这种方式。我尝试使用before（：each）块，以便可以使用相同的已知状态来启动每个alter_payload上下文。问题是，这种设置，我得到一个无方法错误这条线：

@new_payload_state = alter_payload_1(@full_payload_state) 

表明@full_payload_state为零。我确信我的范围有问题，但我不确定为什么或如何解决它。任何帮助非常感谢！

Answer 1

看起来像以前（：所有）的范围问题。

一般来说，明智地停止使用之前（：所有），因为它纠缠你的测试。

用before（：each）替换之前的（：all）行，这会使每个测试独立于其他测试。这可能会帮助你找到你的故障。