转换为浮点后，matplotlib输出不能将字符串转换为浮点数

Question

我有一个输入2个txt文件的程序。

deaths.txt

29.0 
122.0 
453.0 

years.txt

1995 
1996 
1997 

我做从

deaths = open("deaths.txt").read().splitlines() 
years = open("years.txt").read().splitlines() 

然后我转换列表为int数据和彩车名单

for x in years[:-1]: 
    x = int(x) 

for x in deaths[:-1]: 
    x = float(x) 

，然后它给出了错误的部分：ValueError: could not convert string to float

plt.plot(years, deaths) 

所以它说，它不能字符串转换为浮动。但我想我已经做到了。可能是什么原因？

Answer 1

以下内容应该可以帮助您。而不是使用readlines()读取整个文件，更好的办法是，因为它是在读取每一行转换。

当你的两个数据文件有不同数量的元素，该代码使用的zip_longest填写与0.0任何遗漏死亡数据：

from itertools import zip_longest 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
import matplotlib.ticker as ticker 

with open('deaths.txt') as f_deaths: 
    deaths = [float(row) for row in f_deaths] 

with open('years.txt') as f_years: 
    years = [int(row) for row in f_years] 

# Add these to deal with missing data in your files, (see Q before edit)  
years_deaths = list(zip_longest(years, deaths, fillvalue=0.0)) 
years = [y for y, d in years_deaths] 
deaths = [d for y, d in years_deaths] 

print(deaths) 
print(years) 

plt.xlabel('Year') 
plt.ylabel('Deaths') 

ax = plt.gca() 
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(ticker.FormatStrFormatter('%d')) 
ax.set_xticks(years) 

plt.plot(years, deaths) 
plt.show() 

这将在屏幕上显示以下，显示出转换到整型和浮点是正确的：

[29.0, 122.0, 453.0, 0.0] 
[1995, 1996, 1997, 1998]  

而下面虎视眈眈则h会显示：