字符串搜索数组

Question

我将如何实现这一点？我试图比较一个字符串数组到一个单一的字符串，如果没有匹配追加到2d数组。

char*mprt,uni[100][16]; 
    mprt = &uni[0][0]; 
for (int s = 0;s <= 99;s++) 
     { 
      for (int z = 0;z <= 15;z++) 
      { 
       if (strcmp(mprt++, string1) != 0) 
       { 
        uni[s][z] = string1[z]; 
       } 
      } 
     } 

Answer 1

好的...从...你的意见我现在得到你想要做的。你想把它变成一个函数，这样你就可以向它提供文字，但它应该让你指向正确的方向。

请注意，您可以使用char[][]，但这样您的字符串可以是任意长度，因为我们在将它们放入列表中时动态分配它们。

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <stdlib.h> 
#include <string.h> 
int main() 
{ 

    /* space for 100 strings */ 
    char **uni = calloc(100, sizeof(char*)); 
    char **i; 

    /* Put one word in the list for test */ 
    *uni = calloc(5, sizeof(char*)); 
    strncpy(*uni, "this", 5); 

    /* here's the string we're going to search for */ 
    char * str2 = "that"; 

    /* go through the first dimension looking for the string 
     note we have to check that we don't exceed our list size */ 
    for (i = uni; *i != NULL && i < uni+100; i++) 
    { 
     /* if we find it, break */ 
     if (strcmp(*i,str2) == 0) 
      break; 
    } 

    /* if we didn't find the string, *i will be null 
    * or we will have hit the end of our first dimension */ 
    if (i == uni + 100) 
    { 
     printf("No more space!\n"); 
    }   
    else if (*i == NULL) 
    { 
     /* allocate space for our string */ 
     *i = calloc(strlen(str2) + 1, sizeof(char)); 

     /* copy our new string into the list */ 
     strncpy(*i, str2, strlen(str2) + 1); 
    } 


    /* output to confirm it worked */ 
    for (i = uni; *i != NULL && i < uni+100; i++) 
     printf("%s\n",*i); 
} 

为了完整起见，char[][]版本：

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <stdlib.h> 
#include <string.h> 
int main() 
{ 

    char uni[100][16]; 
    int i,j; 

    /* init our arrays */ 
    for (i=0;i<100;i++) 
     for (j=0;j<16;j++) 
      uni[i][j] = '\0'; 


    /* Put one word in the list for test */ 
    strncpy(uni[0], "this",15); 

    /* here's the string we're going to search for */ 
    char * str2 = "that"; 

    /* go through the first dimension looking for the string */ 
    for (i = 0; uni[i][0] != '\0' && i < 100; i++) 
    { 
     /* if we find it, break */ 
     if (strcmp(uni[i],str2) == 0) 
      break; 
    } 

    /* if we didn't find the string, uni[i][0] will be '\0' 
    * or we will have hit the end of our first dimension */ 
    if (i == 100) 
    { 
     printf("No more space!\n"); 
    } 
    else if (uni[i][0] == '\0') 
    { 
     /* copy our new string into the array */ 
     strncpy(uni[i], str2, 15); 
    } 

    /* output to confirm it worked */ 
    for (i = 0; uni[i][0] != '\0' && i < 100; i++) 
     printf("%s\n",uni[i]); 
} 

编辑以从下面的评论解释C指针和数组：

在C，数组降解为指针。事实上，当你第一次开始时，这实际上令人困惑。

如果我有char myArray[10]，我想传递给带有char *参数的函数，我可以使用&myArray[0]或只是myArray。当您离开索引时，它将降级为指向数组中第一个元素的指针。

在像你这样的多维数组中，&uni[5][0] == uni[5] - 两者都是指向第一个索引5中第二维中第一个元素的指针。它会降低到char*，指向列表中第6个单词的开头。

Answer 2

在你的循环，你需要将整个字符串复制到其追加，

替换该行，

strcpy(uni[s], string1[z]); 

考虑string1[z]为char类型的数组的元素指针。

编辑：

不知道这是否是你想要做什么，但你会设置为string1

char string1[] = "String"; 

char uni[100][16] = {}; 

for (int s = 0; s < 100; s++) 
{ 
    if (strcmp(uni[s], string1) != 0) 
    { 
     strcpy(uni[s], string1); 
    } 
} 

---

或者这所有的元素结束了，无strcpy()

char string1[] = "String"; 

char uni[100][16] = {}; 

for (int s = 0; s < 100; s++) 
{ 
    for (int r = 0; r < sizeof(string1); r++) 
    { 
     uni[s][r] = string1[r]; 
    } 
} 

Answer 3

要追加到2D阵列的端部需要使用动态存储器分配

const int row_max = 100, col_max = 16; 
char** uni = NULL; 
char searchString[col_max] = "xyz"; 
int currentLength = 0; 

uni = (char**) malloc (row_max * sizeof(char*)); //TODO:error handling code to be added 
for (int row = 0; row < row_max; row++) 
{ 
    uni[row] = (char*)malloc(col_max * sizeof(char));//TODO:error handling code to be added 
    currentLength = row; 
} 

for (int row = 0; row < row_max; row++) //fill array uni with data here 
{ 
    uni[row] = "abc"; 
} 

for (int row = 0; row < row_max; row++) 
{ 
    for (int col = 0; col < col_max; col++) 
    { 
     if (strcmp(&uni[row][col], searchString) != 0) 
     {//string not found 

      uni = (char**)realloc(uni, (currentLength + 1) * sizeof(char*));//TODO:error handling code to be added 
      uni[currentLength + 1] = (char*)malloc(col_max);//TODO:error handling code to be added 
      currentLength++; 
      strcpy(uni[currentLength],searchString); //append at end of 2D array 
      goto stop; 
     } 
    } 
} 

车站： 对（INT行= 0;行< = currentLength;排++） 自由（UNI [行]）; free（uni）;

return 0;