使用正则表达式的键的Python字典搜索值

Question

我想实现在Python字典中搜索特定键值（使用正则表达式作为键）的值。

例子：

我有像有值的Python字典：

{'account_0':123445,'seller_account':454545,'seller_account_0':454676, 'seller_account_number':3433343} 

我需要寻找价值，其关键有 'seller_account'？我写了一个示例程序，但想知道是否可以做得更好。最主要的原因是我不知道的正则表达式，并错过了一些东西（像我怎么设置再重点以“seller_account”）：

#!usr/bin/python 
import re 
my_dict={'account_0':123445,'seller_account':454545,'seller_account_0':454676, 'seller_account_number':3433343} 

reObj = re.compile('seller_account') 

for key in my_dict.keys(): 
     if(reObj.match(key)): 
       print key, my_dict[key] 

~ home> python regular.py 

seller_account_number 3433343 
seller_account_0 454676 
seller_account 454545 

Answer 1

如果你只需要检查开始键与"seller_account"，你不需要正则表达式，只需使用startswith()

my_dict={'account_0':123445,'seller_account':454545,'seller_account_0':454676, 'seller_account_number':3433343} 

for key, value in my_dict.iteritems(): # iter on both keys and values 
     if key.startswith('seller_account'): 
       print key, value 

或在指定one_liner方式：

result = [(key, value) for key, value in my_dict.iteritems() if key.startswith("seller_account")] 

Answer 2

def search(dictionary, substr): 
    result = [] 
    for key in dictionary: 
     if substr in key: 
      result.append((key, dictionary[key])) 
    return result 

>>> my_dict={'account_0':123445,'seller_account':454545,'seller_account_0':454676, 'seller_account_number':3433343} 
>>> search(my_dict, 'seller_account') 
[('seller_account_number', 3433343), ('seller_account_0', 454676), ('seller_account', 454545)] 

Answer 3

你可以用dpath解决这个问题。

http://github.com/akesterson/dpath-python

dpath让您搜索词典与密钥的水珠语法，并筛选值。你想要的是微不足道的：

$ easy_install dpath 
>>> dpath.util.search(MY_DICT, 'seller_account*') 

...这将返回一个与该glob匹配的所有键的大合并字典。如果您只想要路径和值：

$ easy_install dpath 
>>> for (path, value) in dpath.util.search(MY_DICT, 'seller_account*', yielded=True): 
>>> ... # do something with the path and value