PDO上的sqlite3外键

Question

我使用PDO连接到sqlite3，但由于某些原因，我无法使外键正常工作。根据文档，这个“PRAGMA short_column_names = 1”应该启用。我这样做：

$con = new PDO('sqlite:z:/testing.db'); 
$res = $con->exec('PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON'); 
var_dump($res);die(); 

这返回我0.我试图用外键创建实际表，它没有工作。 到sqlite3的类直接请求虽然工作：

$con = new SQLite3('z:/testing.db'); 
$con->exec('PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON;'); 
var_dump($con->query('PRAGMA foreign_keys;')->fetchArray()); 

这reutrns阵列（2）{[0] => INT（1）[ “foreign_keys”] => INT（1）}

根据SQLite3 :: version（），我有sqlite版本3.7.7.1。我的PHP版本是5.3.18，在Windows上运行。

请帮助我使用PDO运行它。谢谢！

Answer 1

我不知道PRAGMA short_column_names=1;应与PDO一起发布，以便外键约束与SQLite一起使用。您应然而问题PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON;与PDO以及。

试试这个：

<?php 

// SQL for creating database structure 
$databaseSql = <<<SQL 
    CREATE TABLE `user` (
     `id` INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, 
     `name` TEXT NOT NULL, 
     UNIQUE(`name`) 
    ); 

    CREATE TABLE `userProfile` (
     `userId` INTEGER NOT NULL CONSTRAINT `userProfile_userId` REFERENCES `user`(`id`) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE, 
     `image` TEXT NOT NULL 
    ); 
SQL; 

// SQL for inserting dummy data 
$dataSql = <<<SQL 
    INSERT INTO `user` VALUES(1, "John"); 
    INSERT INTO `user` VALUES(2, "Mary"); 
    INSERT INTO `user` VALUES(3, "Joe"); 
    INSERT INTO `userProfile` VALUES(1, "/images/john.jpg"); 
    INSERT INTO `userProfile` VALUES(2, "/images/mary.jpg"); 
    INSERT INTO `userProfile` VALUES(3, "/images/joe.jpg"); 
SQL; 

// create a temporary SQLite instance in memory 
$db = new PDO('sqlite::memory:', null, null, array(
    PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, 
    PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC, 
    PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES => false 
)); 

// activate use of foreign key constraints 
$db->exec('PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON;'); 

// create database 
$db->exec($databaseSql); 
// insert dummy data 
$db->exec($dataSql); 

// should dump 3 records 
var_dump($db->query('SELECT * FROM `userProfile`;')->fetchAll()); 

// delete 1 user, cascade deleting 1 userProfile as well 
$db->exec('DELETE FROM `user` WHERE `id` = 1;'); 

// should dump 2 records 
var_dump($db->query('SELECT * FROM `userProfile`;')->fetchAll()); 

应该导致以下：很多了详细的例子

array(3) { 
    [0]=> 
    array(2) { 
    ["userId"]=> 
    string(1) "1" 
    ["image"]=> 
    string(16) "/images/john.jpg" 
    } 
    [1]=> 
    array(2) { 
    ["userId"]=> 
    string(1) "2" 
    ["image"]=> 
    string(16) "/images/mary.jpg" 
    } 
    [2]=> 
    array(2) { 
    ["userId"]=> 
    string(1) "3" 
    ["image"]=> 
    string(15) "/images/joe.jpg" 
    } 
} 
array(2) { 
    [0]=> 
    array(2) { 
    ["userId"]=> 
    string(1) "2" 
    ["image"]=> 
    string(16) "/images/mary.jpg" 
    } 
    [1]=> 
    array(2) { 
    ["userId"]=> 
    string(1) "3" 
    ["image"]=> 
    string(15) "/images/joe.jpg" 
    } 
}