PyInstaller和PythonNet CLR

Question

好的，我需要pyinstaller和PythonNet的一些帮助。

这是我第一次发布到论坛，我对编码相对缺乏经验，但我一直在学习一个GUI开发的小python。我有一个脚本，它使用.NET dll库与USB摄像头进行交互。该脚本在Python中正确运行，但我试图通过Pyinstaller将它编译为.exe，我陷入困境。

这里是代码的前几行：

import os 
import clr 
import sys 
import System 
from System import IntPtr 

而这里的运行编译后的.exe文件后错误：

未处理的异常：System.IO.FileLoadException：无法加载文件或集合 y'Python.Runtime，Version = 4.0.0.1，Culture = neutral，PublicKeyToken = 5000fea6cba7 02dd'或其依赖项之一。找到的程序集的清单定义doe s与程序集引用不匹配。 （从HRESULT异常：0x80131040） 在System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly._nLoad（的AssemblyName文件名，字符串鳕 EBASE，证据assemblySecurity，RuntimeAssembly locationHint，StackCrawlMark & stackMark，IntPtr的pPrivHostBinder，布尔throwOnFileNotFound，布尔forIntro spection，布尔suppressSecurityChecks） 在System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.nLoad（的AssemblyName文件名，字符串代码 基地证据assemblySecurity，RuntimeAssembly locationHint，StackCrawlMark &小号 tackMark，IntPtr的pPrivHostBinder，布尔throwOnFileNotFound，布尔forIntros pection，布尔suppressSecurityChecks） 在的System.Reflection。 RuntimeAssembly.InternalL oadAssemblyName（如的AssemblyName semblyRef，证据assemblySecurity，RuntimeAssembly reqAssembly，StackCrawlMar ķ& stackMark，IntPtr的pPrivHostBinder，布尔throwOnFileNotFound，布尔forIn trospection，布尔suppressSecurityChecks） 在System.Reflection.Assembly.Load（的AssemblyName assemblyRef） 在clrModule。 initclr（）

我觉得跟python.runtime的问题是类似的一个张贴在这里（https://github.com/pythonnet/pythonnet/issues/34），但我一直在尝试，推荐的解决方案，我仍然得到同样的错误。即我卸载pythonnet，然后搜索并删除任何剩余的clr.pyd或python.runtime.dll文件。然后通过在命令提示符下使用PIP重新安装：

“点子安装 - 事先pythonnet”

编译我的剧本后，python.runtime.dll出现在“DIST”文件夹一起该exe文件。但版本号有些奇怪。右键单击dll并在窗口中查看“属性”，将版本列为2.0.0.2，但查看程序集信息（使用dotPeek），它将其列为4.0.0.1。这里发生了什么？

下面是表示版本差异的屏幕截图：

dll assembly screenshot shows version 4.0.0.1

[窗口属性，屏幕截图显示版本2.0.0。2]

imagizer.imageshack.us/v2/381x520q90/902/6DEzLM.jpg （对不起，我不能让这一个链接）

请注意我正在Python 2.7版（32位位）在Windows 7（64位）上。另外，最初我在编译时遇到了一个错误，因为Pyinstaller无法找到CLR需要的python.runtime.dll，但是我修改了clr-hook.py以包含完整的dll路径，所以现在它编译时没有错误，仍然显然不对。这里是新的挂钩：

##hook-clr.py 

    import ctypes.util 
    datas = [(ctypes.util.find_library('C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\Python.Runtime'), '')] 

而这里的编译过程中pyinstaller的输出：

C:\Users\M80\Desktop\RealTimeBeamAnalysis> pyinstaller Realtime_3_exec.py 

219 INFO: wrote C:\Users\M80\Desktop\RealTimeBeamAnalysis\Realtime_3_exe 
c.spec 
263 INFO: Testing for ability to set icons, version resources... 
455 INFO: ... resource update available 
462 INFO: UPX is not available. 
516 INFO: Processing hook hook-os 
697 INFO: Processing hook hook-time 
703 INFO: Processing hook hook-cPickle 
804 INFO: Processing hook hook-_sre 
986 INFO: Processing hook hook-cStringIO 
1118 INFO: Processing hook hook-encodings 
1137 INFO: Processing hook hook-codecs 
2354 INFO: Processing hook hook-httplib 
2360 INFO: Processing hook hook-email 
2519 INFO: Processing hook hook-email.message 
2970 INFO: Processing hook hook-clr 
3061 WARNING: library python%s%s required via ctypes not found 
3298 INFO: Extending PYTHONPATH with C:\Users\M80\Desktop\RealTimeBeamAn 
alysis 
3299 INFO: checking Analysis 
3299 INFO: building Analysis because out00-Analysis.toc non existent 
3299 INFO: running Analysis out00-Analysis.toc 
3299 INFO: Adding Microsoft.VC90.CRT to dependent assemblies of final executable 

3393 INFO: Searching for assembly x86_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21 
022.8_none ... 
3394 INFO: Found manifest C:\Windows\WinSxS\Manifests\x86_microsoft.vc90.crt_1fc 
8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_none_bcb86ed6ac711f91.manifest 
3413 INFO: Searching for file msvcr90.dll 
3414 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.crt_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_ 
9.0.21022.8_none_bcb86ed6ac711f91\msvcr90.dll 
3414 INFO: Searching for file msvcp90.dll 
3414 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.crt_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_ 
9.0.21022.8_none_bcb86ed6ac711f91\msvcp90.dll 
3416 INFO: Searching for file msvcm90.dll 
3416 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.crt_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_ 
9.0.21022.8_none_bcb86ed6ac711f91\msvcm90.dll 
3541 INFO: Analyzing C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.e 
gg\PyInstaller\loader\_pyi_bootstrap.py 
3562 INFO: Processing hook hook-os 
3582 INFO: Processing hook hook-site 
3608 INFO: Processing hook hook-encodings 
3748 INFO: Processing hook hook-time 
3752 INFO: Processing hook hook-cPickle 
3840 INFO: Processing hook hook-_sre 
3996 INFO: Processing hook hook-cStringIO 
4131 INFO: Processing hook hook-codecs 
4654 INFO: Processing hook hook-httplib 
4657 INFO: Processing hook hook-email 
4799 INFO: Processing hook hook-email.message 
5021 INFO: Processing hook hook-clr 
5094 WARNING: library python%s%s required via ctypes not found 
5378 INFO: Processing hook hook-pydoc 
5513 INFO: Analyzing C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.e 
gg\PyInstaller\loader\pyi_importers.py 
5680 INFO: Analyzing C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.e 
gg\PyInstaller\loader\pyi_archive.py 
5831 INFO: Analyzing C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.e 
gg\PyInstaller\loader\pyi_carchive.py 
5963 INFO: Analyzing C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.e 
gg\PyInstaller\loader\pyi_os_path.py 
5982 INFO: Analyzing Realtime_3_exec.py 
6026 INFO: Processing hook hook-PyQt4 
6038 INFO: Processing hook hook-PyQt4.QtCore 
6322 INFO: Processing hook hook-PyQt4.QtGui 
8180 INFO: Processing hook hook-matplotlib 
8298 INFO: Processing hook hook-PIL 
8386 INFO: Processing hook hook-PIL.Image 
9391 INFO: Processing hook hook-distutils 
9837 INFO: Processing hook hook-parser 
10396 INFO: Processing hook hook-sysconfig 
10493 INFO: Processing hook hook-xml 
10580 INFO: Processing hook hook-xml.sax 
10618 INFO: Processing hook hook-pyexpat 
11866 INFO: Processing hook hook-setuptools 
12416 INFO: Processing hook hook-win32com 
12434 INFO: Processing hook hook-win32com.client 
12562 INFO: Processing hook hook-pythoncom 
12647 INFO: Processing hook hook-pywintypes 
12771 INFO: Processing hook hook-win32ui 
13937 INFO: Processing hook hook-scipy.special._ufuncs 
13979 INFO: Processing hook hook-Image 
14680 INFO: Processing hook hook-pycparser 
15338 INFO: Processing hook hook-PIL.SpiderImagePlugin 
15522 INFO: Processing hook hook-_tkinter 
15863 INFO: checking Tree 
15865 INFO: building because out00-Tree.toc missing or bad 
15866 INFO: building Tree out00-Tree.toc 
16239 INFO: checking Tree 
16240 INFO: building because out01-Tree.toc missing or bad 
16241 INFO: building Tree out01-Tree.toc 
16338 INFO: Processing hook hook-scipy.sparse.csgraph 
18598 INFO: Processing hook hook-pytz 
C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qt.py:11: MatplotlibDe 
precationWarning: QT3-based backends are deprecated and will be removed after th 
e v1.2.x release. Use the equivalent QT4 backend instead. 
    mplDeprecation) 
33262 INFO: Processing hook hook-matplotlib.backends 
34985 INFO: Processing hook hook-PyQt4.QtOpenGL 
34990 INFO: Processing hook hook-PyQt4.QtSvg 
35388 INFO: Processing hook hook-anydbm 
36676 INFO: Processing hook hook-h5py 
40292 INFO: Processing hook hook-IPython 
46546 INFO: Processing hook hook-OpenGL 
47113 INFO: Processing hook hook-OpenGL_accelerate 
49549 INFO: Processing hook hook-zmq 
50545 INFO: Processing hook hook-xml.dom 
50582 INFO: Processing hook hook-xml.dom.domreg 
55157 INFO: Processing hook hook-docutils 
56850 INFO: Processing hook hook-pygments 
57268 INFO: Processing hook hook-pygments.lexers 
57973 INFO: Processing hook hook-pygments.formatters 
58388 INFO: Processing hook hook-pygments.styles 
60513 INFO: Processing hook hook-sqlite3 
62490 INFO: Processing hook hook-lxml.etree 
62500 INFO: Processing hook hook-xml.etree.cElementTree 
62529 INFO: Processing hook hook-_elementtree 
63798 INFO: Hidden import 'codecs' has been found otherwise 
63799 INFO: Hidden import 'encodings' has been found otherwise 
63799 INFO: Looking for run-time hooks 
63805 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_ 
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_pkgres.py 
64029 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_ 
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_Image.py 
64170 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_ 
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_qt4plugins.py 
64285 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_ 
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_mplconfig.py 
64420 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_ 
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_mpldata.py 
64534 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_ 
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_win32comgenpy.py 
64672 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_ 
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_PIL_Image.py 
64797 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_ 
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_Tkinter.py 
70305 INFO: Adding Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls to dependent assemblies of 
final executable 
73703 INFO: Adding Microsoft.VC90.MFC to dependent assemblies of final executabl 
e 
73792 INFO: Searching for assembly x86_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.2 
1022.8_none ... 
73792 INFO: Found manifest C:\Windows\WinSxS\Manifests\x86_microsoft.vc90.mfc_1f 
c8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_none_b81d038aaf540e86.manifest 
73804 INFO: Searching for file mfc90.dll 
73804 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.mfc_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b 
_9.0.21022.8_none_b81d038aaf540e86\mfc90.dll 
73805 INFO: Searching for file mfc90u.dll 
73805 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.mfc_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b 
_9.0.21022.8_none_b81d038aaf540e86\mfc90u.dll 
73805 INFO: Searching for file mfcm90.dll 
73805 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.mfc_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b 
_9.0.21022.8_none_b81d038aaf540e86\mfcm90.dll 
73805 INFO: Searching for file mfcm90u.dll 
73807 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.mfc_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b 
_9.0.21022.8_none_b81d038aaf540e86\mfcm90u.dll 
84271 INFO: Using Python library C:\Windows\system32\python27.dll 
99841 INFO: Warnings written to C:\Users\M80\Desktop\RealTimeBeamAnalysi 
s\build\Realtime_3_exec\warnRealtime_3_exec.txt 
99993 INFO: checking PYZ 
99995 INFO: rebuilding out00-PYZ.toc because out00-PYZ.pyz is missing 
99996 INFO: building PYZ (ZlibArchive) out00-PYZ.toc 
137450 INFO: checking PKG 
137450 INFO: rebuilding out00-PKG.toc because out00-PKG.pkg is missing 
137450 INFO: building PKG (CArchive) out00-PKG.pkg 
137516 INFO: checking EXE 
137518 INFO: rebuilding out00-EXE.toc because Realtime_3_exec.exe missing 
137519 INFO: building EXE from out00-EXE.toc 
137590 INFO: Appending archive to EXE C:\Users\M80\Desktop\RealTimeBeamA 
nalysis\build\Realtime_3_exec\Realtime_3_exec.exe 
137690 INFO: checking COLLECT 
137690 INFO: building COLLECT out00-COLLECT.toc 

Answer 1

pull请求被合并为CLR钩（pythonnet）到pyinstaller：

https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller/pull/2048/files

使用此clr钩子的正确方法是在spec文件中指定命令行中的--hidden-import=clr或指定hiddenimports=['clr']。 这应该照顾为Windows找到隐藏的导入Python.Runtime.DLL。

如果有人愿意在Linux或OSX上打包捆绑，请继续！请注意，Mono未在这些平台上预安装，因此捆绑可能会变得非常复杂。