我如何从我的代码中随机选择一行而不重复

Question

我对python非常陌生，我需要使它成为我的程序从琐事游戏中随机选择一个问题，但不会在之后重复。 该游戏基于一本关于我收到的python的书中的问题。

print "trivia game" 
begin = raw_input("Would you like to begin?: ") 
if begin == "Yes": 
    print "A) Getting your computer to do stuff" 
    print "B) A form of watching television" 
    print "C) Building a computer" 
    print "D) Assembling a computer with your bare hands" 
    q1 = raw_input("What is programming?: ") 
    if q1 == "A" or q1 == "a": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) African Standard Code For Information Interchange" 
    print "B) American Standard Code For Information Interchange" 
    print "C) American Subtle Codes For Information Interchange" 
    print "D) African Subtle Codes For Inside Interchange" 
    print " " 
    q2 = raw_input("What does ASCII stand for?: ") 
    if q2 == "b" or q2 == "B": 
     print "Well done! You got it right! " 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print "no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) A hidden group of words" 
    print "B) A group of random letters" 
    print "C) The generation of random numbers by a definite computational process. " 
    print "D) The way to write code" 
    q3 = raw_input("What is pseudorandom?: ") 
    if q3 == "C" or q3 == "c": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) Only strings and loops" 
    print "B) Only loops" 
    print "C) Only strings" 
    print "D) Any type" 
    q4 = raw_input("What kinds of elements can you store with a tuple?: ") 
    if q4 == "D" or q4 == "d": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) Yes" 
    print "B) No" 
    print "C) Only if they are loops" 
    print "D) Only if they are strings" 
    q5 = raw_input("Do variables store the values you assign to them?: ") 
    if q5 == "A" or q5 == "a": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) One" 
    print "B) There is no limit" 
    print "C) 158,240" 
    print "D) 1000" 
    q6 = raw_input("How many paramters can a function have?: ") 
    if q6 == "B" or q6 == "b": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) Lists of numbers" 
    print "B) Complex information" 
    print "C) Simple information" 
    print "D) Loops" 
    q7 = raw_input("What type of information wold be best stored in a text file?: ") 
    if q7 == "C" or q7 == "c": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) To write a program with over 1000 lines of code" 
    print "B) To create a program that write programs" 
    print "C) To create program after program" 
    print "D) To create an instance of an object in an object-oriented programming (OOP) language." 
    q8 = raw_input("What does instantiate mean?: ") 
    if q8 == "D" or q8 == "d": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) It allows you to send the same message to objects of different classes related by inheritance and achieve different and appropriate results" 
    print "B) It lets you combine two programs" 
    print "C) It creates polygons" 
    print "D) It allows you to repeat a loop an infinite amount of times" 
    q9 = raw_input("How can polymorphism help a programmer?: ") 
    if q9 == "A" or q9 == "a": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) grid()" 
    print "B) create_widgets()" 
    print "C) root.title" 
    print "D) root.mainloop()" 
    q10 = raw_input("What widget method sets a widget's options?: ") 
    if q10 == "B" or q10 == "b": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) A compass" 
    print "B) A graph" 
    print "C) A grid" 
    print "D) A virtual loop system" 
    q11 = raw_input("What is a graphics coordinate system?: ") 
    if q11 == "C" or q11 == "c": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) A file with text about sound" 
    print "B) A looping sound" 
    print "C) A radio channel" 
    print "D) Where a sound is stored" 
    q12 = raw_input("What's a sound channel?: ") 
    if q12 == "D" or q12 == "d": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) True" 
    print "B) False" 
    q13 = raw_input("Can Python increase programmer productivity?: ") 
    if q13 == "a" or q13 == "A": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) True" 
    print "B) False" 
    q14 = raw_input("It's not important to use the right types in your programs.: ") 
    if q14 == "b" or q14 == "B": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) True" 
    print "B) False" 
    q15 = raw_input("You should plan your programs.: ") 
    if q15 == "A" or q15 == "a": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) True" 
    print "B) False" 
    q16 = raw_input("Constants aren't helpful.: ") 
    if q16 == "b" or q16 == "B": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) True" 
    print "B) False" 
    q17 = raw_input("Dictionary keys must be unique.: ") 
    if q17 == "a" or q17 == "A": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) True" 
    print "B) False" 
    q18 = raw_input("You should never use docstrings.: ") 
    if q18 == "b" or q18 == "B": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) True" 
    print "B) False" 
    q19 = raw_input("You should avoid a catch-all exception handling.: ") 
    if q19 == "a" or q19 == "A": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) True" 
    print "B) False" 
    q20 = raw_input("An object should never update its private attributes.: ") 
    if q20 == "b" or q20 == "B": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) True" 
    print "B) False" 
    q21 = raw_input("You should include only related programming elements in a single module.: ") 
    if q21 == "a" or q21 == "A": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) True" 
    print "B) False" 
    q22 = raw_input("You can't test which radio button in a group is selected.: ") 
    if q22 == "b" or q22 == "B": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) True" 
    print "B) False" 
    q23 = raw_input("You should create a batch file to run your graphics programs.: ") 
    if q23 == "a" or q23 == "A": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
    print "A) True" 
    print "B) False" 
    q24 = raw_input("There is no such thing as a sound channel.: ") 
    if q24 == "b" or q24 == "B": 
     print "Well done you got it right! +1" 
     print " " 
    else: 
     print " no, you're wrong! +0" 
else: 
    print "Invalid answer." 

Answer 1

你可以做到这一点的东西如下：

from random import shuffle 
list_of_questions = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', and so on] 

shuffle(list_of_questions) 

question = list_of_questions.pop() 

的.pop()方法从列表中删除最后一个问题，并返回它。在这种情况下，它将始终是随机的，因为这就是shuffle所做的，因此它总是最后一个并不重要。

例如：

>>> some_list = [1,2,3,4,5] 
>>> shuffle(some_list) 
>>> some_list 
[4,2,5,1,3] 
>>> some_list.pop() 
3 
>>> some_list 
[4,2,5,1] 

[注]

我也建议你创建的所有问题，一个单独的文本文件（每行1个问题）。使用python，您可以轻松阅读这些问题，在未来的日期，您还可以轻松删除或添加新问题。

实施例：

#questions.txt   Remember, your questions file will need to be in the same directory as your python script 
What is ..? 
Who is ..? 
Where is ..? 
Why is ...? 


#Start of your python code 
questions = [line.strip() for line in open('questions.txt'. 'r')] 


>>> print questions 
['What is ...?', 'Who is ...?', 'Where is ...?', 'Why is ...?'] 

>>> from random import shuffle 
>>> shuffle(questions) 
>>> print questions.pop() 
Where is ...? 
>>> print questions 
['What is ...?', 'Who is ...?', 'Why is ...?'] #Note the question that was taken is gone from the list. Thanks to the .pop() method 

Answer 2

与csv模块的组合和一些自定义语法尝试。

下面是一个例子CSV文件：

"What is programming?","*Getting your computer to do stuff","A form of watching television","Building a computer","Assembling a computer with your bare hands" 
"What does ASCII stand for?","African Standard Code For Information Interchange","*American Standard Code For Information Interchange","American Subtle Codes For Information Interchange","African Subtle Codes For Inside Interchange" 
"What is pseudorandom?","A hidden group of words","A group of random letters","*The generation of random numbers by a definite computational process","The way to write code" 
"What kinds of elements can you store with a tuple?","Only strings and loops","Only loops","Only strings","*Any type" 
... 

注意，在每行的第一项是问题，然后其余的都是答案。 “正确的”答案在开始时由*表示。该程序将能够轻松解析该文件，任何人工编辑都可以轻松地添加或编辑问题。

这里有一个程序，它封装了游戏功能，采用csv模块从文件中读取的问题和答案，跟踪得分的一个变量，并自动分析其回答是“正确的”从*在该文件对正确答案的开头：

import csv 

def play_trivia(questions_path): 
    # start the game 
    print 'Trivia game:' 
    if raw_input("Would you like to begin? (Y/N): ").lower() != 'y': 
     print "Goodby." 
     return 
    print 
    score = 0 
    # set choice letters (and order) 
    letters = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ1234567890' 
    # loop through each row in the file 
    for row in csv.reader(open(questions_path, 'r')): 
     # print the question 
     print row[0] 
     correct_choice = 'A' # just in case csv is missing the * 
     # loop through answers 
     # (Start with element 1, since element 0 was the question.) 
     for i, choice in enumerate(row[1:]): 
      if choice.startswith("*"): 
       correct_choice = letters[i] 
       print letters[i] + ") " + choice[1:] 
      else: 
       print letters[i] + ") " + choice 
     # ask for the correct answer 
     if raw_input("Enter answer: ").upper() == correct_choice: 
      score += 1 
      print "Well done you got it right! +1 (Score is now " + str(score) + ")" 
     else: 
      score -= 1 
      print "No, you're wrong! -1 (Score is now " + str(score) + ")" 
     # separate questions with a line for readability 
     print 
    # and now we're done 
    print "Final score: " + str(score) 

轻微值得注意的是，letters[i]意味着字母i个字母。

这在我的python解释器中工作得很好。