如何获得WPF中的DPI？

Question

如何获得WPF中的DPI？

Answer 1

http://blogs.msdn.com/jaimer/archive/2007/03/07/getting-system-dpi-in-wpf-app.aspx似乎工作

PresentationSource source = PresentationSource.FromVisual(this); 

double dpiX, dpiY; 
if (source != null) { 
    dpiX = 96.0 * source.CompositionTarget.TransformToDevice.M11; 
    dpiY = 96.0 * source.CompositionTarget.TransformToDevice.M22; 
} 

Answer 2

var dpiXProperty = typeof(SystemParameters).GetProperty("DpiX", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static); 
var dpiYProperty = typeof(SystemParameters).GetProperty("Dpi", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static); 

var dpiX = (int)dpiXProperty.GetValue(null, null); 
var dpiY = (int)dpiYProperty.GetValue(null, null); 

Answer 3

我发现得到了 “真正的” 监控dpi是如下的唯一途径。所有其他提到的技术只是说96对大多数显示器来说不正确。

public class ScreenInformations 
{ 
    public static uint RawDpi { get; private set; } 

    static ScreenInformations() 
    { 
     uint dpiX; 
     uint dpiY; 
     GetDpi(DpiType.RAW, out dpiX, out dpiY); 
     RawDpi = dpiX; 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// Returns the scaling of the given screen. 
    /// </summary> 
    /// <param name="dpiType">The type of dpi that should be given back..</param> 
    /// <param name="dpiX">Gives the horizontal scaling back (in dpi).</param> 
    /// <param name="dpiY">Gives the vertical scaling back (in dpi).</param> 
    private static void GetDpi(DpiType dpiType, out uint dpiX, out uint dpiY) 
    { 
     var point = new System.Drawing.Point(1, 1); 
     var hmonitor = MonitorFromPoint(point, _MONITOR_DEFAULTTONEAREST); 

     switch (GetDpiForMonitor(hmonitor, dpiType, out dpiX, out dpiY).ToInt32()) 
     { 
      case _S_OK: return; 
      case _E_INVALIDARG: 
       throw new ArgumentException("Unknown error. See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dn280510.aspx for more information."); 
      default: 
       throw new COMException("Unknown error. See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dn280510.aspx for more information."); 
     } 
    } 

    //https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd145062.aspx 
    [DllImport("User32.dll")] 
    private static extern IntPtr MonitorFromPoint([In]System.Drawing.Point pt, [In]uint dwFlags); 

    //https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dn280510.aspx 
    [DllImport("Shcore.dll")] 
    private static extern IntPtr GetDpiForMonitor([In]IntPtr hmonitor, [In]DpiType dpiType, [Out]out uint dpiX, [Out]out uint dpiY); 

    const int _S_OK = 0; 
    const int _MONITOR_DEFAULTTONEAREST = 2; 
    const int _E_INVALIDARG = -2147024809; 
} 

/// <summary> 
/// Represents the different types of scaling. 
/// </summary> 
/// <seealso cref="https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dn280511.aspx"/> 
public enum DpiType 
{ 
    EFFECTIVE = 0, 
    ANGULAR = 1, 
    RAW = 2, 
} 

Answer 4

下面是依赖于技术的Direct2D（支持Windows Vista带有SP2和更高服务器）的方法，所以它在WPF（它是基于同样的理由）工作正常。它使用ID2D1Factory::GetDesktopDpi method

public static class DpiUtilities 
    { 
     private static Lazy<Tuple<float, float>> _dpi = new Lazy<Tuple<float, float>>(ReadDpi); 

     public static float DesktopDpiX 
     { 
      get 
      { 
       return _dpi.Value.Item1; 
      } 
     } 

     public static float DesktopDpiY 
     { 
      get 
      { 
       return _dpi.Value.Item2; 
      } 
     } 

     public static void Reload() 
     { 
      ID2D1Factory factory; 
      int hr = D2D1CreateFactory(D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE.D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE_SINGLE_THREADED, typeof(ID2D1Factory).GUID, IntPtr.Zero, out factory); 
      if (hr != 0) 
       Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr); 

      factory.ReloadSystemMetrics(); 
      Marshal.ReleaseComObject(factory); 
     } 

     private static Tuple<float, float> ReadDpi() 
     { 
      ID2D1Factory factory; 
      int hr = D2D1CreateFactory(D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE.D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE_SINGLE_THREADED, typeof(ID2D1Factory).GUID, IntPtr.Zero, out factory); 
      if (hr != 0) 
       Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr); 

      float x; 
      float y; 
      factory.GetDesktopDpi(out x, out y); 
      Marshal.ReleaseComObject(factory); 
      return new Tuple<float, float>(x, y); 
     } 

     [DllImport("d2d1.dll")] 
     private static extern int D2D1CreateFactory(D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE factoryType, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid riid, IntPtr pFactoryOptions, out ID2D1Factory ppIFactory); 

     private enum D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE 
     { 
      D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE_SINGLE_THREADED = 0, 
      D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE_MULTI_THREADED = 1, 
     } 

     [InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] 
     [Guid("06152247-6f50-465a-9245-118bfd3b6007")] 
     private interface ID2D1Factory 
     { 
      int ReloadSystemMetrics(); 

      [PreserveSig] 
      void GetDesktopDpi(out float dpiX, out float dpiY); 

      // the rest is not implemented as we don't need it 
     } 
    } 

Answer 5

在.NET 4.6.2预览和更高的，你可以调用VisualTreeHelper.GetDpi(Visual visual)。它返回一个DpiScale结构，它告诉你给定的Visual将被呈现或者已经被呈现的DPI。