通过命令行安装'Compass'接收错误“extconf失败，退出代码1”

Question

无法找到对此的答案。 运行OS X的优胜美地测试版V2

当以下罗盘安装指南确保你的宝石达最新

gem update --system 

然后运行

gem install compass 

Answer 1

假设你的安装失败出于同样的原因作为我的，你会注意到错误日志的状态：

"You have to install development tools first." 

因此，安装xcode并尝试：

xcode-select --install 

按照屏幕上的说明，您应该是金手指。作为参考，这是我尝试时收到的错误

Computer:Folder User$ sudo gem install compass 

Building native extensions. This could take a while... 
ERROR: Error installing compass: 
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. 

    /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20140904-3376-i1l5f8.rb extconf.rb 
checking for ffi.h... *** extconf.rb failed *** 
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary 
libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may 
need configuration options. 

Provided configuration options: 
    --with-opt-dir 
    --without-opt-dir 
    --with-opt-include 
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include 
    --with-opt-lib 
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib 
    --with-make-prog 
    --without-make-prog 
    --srcdir=. 
    --curdir 
    --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby 
    --with-ffi_c-dir 
    --without-ffi_c-dir 
    --with-ffi_c-include 
    --without-ffi_c-include=${ffi_c-dir}/include 
    --with-ffi_c-lib 
    --without-ffi_c-lib=${ffi_c-dir}/ 
    --with-libffi-config 
    --without-libffi-config 
    --with-pkg-config 
    --without-pkg-config 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:434:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError) 
You have to install development tools first. 
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in `block in try_compile' 
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:502:in `with_werror' 
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in `try_compile' 
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1044:in `block in have_header' 
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:895:in `block in checking_for' 
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in `block (2 levels) in postpone' 
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in `open' 
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in `block in postpone' 
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in `open' 
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:336:in `postpone' 
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:894:in `checking_for' 
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1043:in `have_header' 
    from extconf.rb:16:in `<main>' 

extconf failed, exit code 1 

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/ffi-1.9.3 for inspection. 
Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-14/2.0.0/ffi-1.9.3/gem_make.out 

Answer 2

如果您安装了XCODE，则需要打开。 由于操作系统需要添加组件，并且在打开应用程序时添加了这些组件。

再试运行

sudo gem install compass

享受！

Answer 3

得到了同样的问题，也用xcode-select --install但没有帮助。 我从这里https://developer.apple.com/downloads/?name=for%20Xcode