如何通过rpm复制yum命令？

Question

我想通过'rpm'命令安装一些RPM，类似于'yum install'完成任务的方式。

我已经下载了RPM，并通过命令

yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=. <package> 

然而，当我发出命令所有需要的依赖

rpm -ivh *.rpm 

的RPM安装失败理由失败相关性，如以下几点：

[18:45:05][root][~/test]$ rpm -ivh * 
warning: authconfig-6.1.12-13.22.amzn1.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 21c0f39f: NOKEY 
error: Failed dependencies: 
     dbus-python <= 0.83.0-6.1.11.amzn1 is obsoleted by dbus-python26-0.83.0-6.1.13.amzn1.x86_64 
     yum-updatesd <= 1:0.9-13.14.amzn1 conflicts with dbus-python27-0.83.0-6.1.13.amzn1.x86_64 
     dbus-python <= 0.83.0-6.1.11.amzn1 conflicts with dbus-python27-0.83.0-6.1.13.amzn1.x86_64 
     yum-updatesd <= 1:0.9-13.14.amzn1 conflicts with gamin-python-0.1.10-16.14.amzn1.x86_64 
     newt-python <= 0.52.11-3.7.amzn1 is obsoleted by newt-python26-0.52.11-3.11.amzn1.x86_64 
     yum-updatesd <= 1:0.9-13.14.amzn1 conflicts with pygobject2-2.20.0-5.14.amzn1.x86_64 
     authconfig <= 6.1.12-13.17.amzn1 conflicts with python26-2.6.9-1.80.amzn1.x86_64 
     gamin-python <= 0.1.10-9.8.amzn1 conflicts with python26-2.6.9-1.80.amzn1.x86_64 
     mcstrans <= 0.3.1-4.7.amzn1 conflicts with python26-2.6.9-1.80.amzn1.x86_64 
     python-urlgrabber <= 3.9.1-9.10.amzn1 conflicts with python26-2.6.9-1.80.amzn1.x86_64 
     yum <= 3.4.3-137.51.amzn1 conflicts with python26-2.6.9-1.80.amzn1.x86_64 
     yum-updatesd <= 1:0.9-13.14.amzn1 conflicts with python26-2.6.9-1.80.amzn1.x86_64 
     python = 1:2.6-2.26.amzn1 is obsoleted by python26-2.6.9-1.80.amzn1.x86_64 
     python-iniparse <= 0.3.1-2.1.7.amzn1 is obsoleted by python26-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.9.amzn1.noarch 
     python-pycurl <= 7.19.0-17.9.amzn1 is obsoleted by python26-pycurl-7.19.0-17.12.amzn1.x86_64 
     pygpgme <= 0.1-18.20090824bzr68.8.amzn1 is obsoleted by python26-pygpgme-0.3-9.12.amzn1.x86_64 
     pyliblzma <= 0.5.3-11.4.amzn1 is obsoleted by python26-pyliblzma-0.5.3-11.6.amzn1.x86_64 
     pyxattr <= 0.5.0-1.4.amzn1 is obsoleted by python26-pyxattr-0.5.0-1.6.amzn1.x86_64 
     python-urlgrabber <= 3.9.1-9.10.amzn1 is obsoleted by python26-urlgrabber-3.9.1-9.13.amzn1.noarch 
     python = 1:2.6-2.26.amzn1 conflicts with python27-2.7.9-4.115.amzn1.x86_64 
     python-urlgrabber <= 3.9.1-9.10.amzn1 conflicts with python27-urlgrabber-3.9.1-9.13.amzn1.noarch 
     rpm-python <= 4.11.2-2.60.amzn1 is obsoleted by rpm-python26-4.11.2-2.64.amzn1.x86_64 
     yum-updatesd <= 1:0.9-13.14.amzn1 conflicts with yum-3.4.3-137.57.amzn1.noarch 
     yum-plugin-priorities <= 1.1.31-18.17.amzn1 conflicts with yum-3.4.3-137.57.amzn1.noarch 
     yum-plugin-upgrade-helper <= 1.1.31-18.17.amzn1 conflicts with yum-3.4.3-137.57.amzn1.noarch 
     yum <= 3.4.3-137.51.amzn1 conflicts with yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-8.12.amzn1.x86_64 
     rpm-python <= 4.11.2-2.63.amzn1 is obsoleted by yum-python26-3.4.3-137.57.amzn1.noarch 

Answer 1

您应该使用-U标志（升级），而不是-i（安装）：

rpm -Uvh *.rpm 

的原因是包间，你下载的是一些已经在本地安装，但在旧版本。这些软件包在使用-i时不会升级，因此依赖关系会冲突出现未满足的依赖关系。

Answer 2

尝试--aid开关

rpm -ivh --aid 

注：请确保您有rpmdb-redhat包安装。