基于tkinter的程序中的彩色滚动条的其他选项？

Question

由于滚动小时或阅读后，看着我发现，在Windows机器上为Tkinter的滚动条的颜色选项将无法正常工作的Tkinter的文件从Windows直接获取其主题打完。我的问题是默认主题的颜色真的与我的程序冲突，我想找到不涉及导入不同的GUI组件，如PyQt的（我没有获得在工作中点子的解决方案，所以这是一个问题从使用一个单独的包任何人都可以点我对如何写我自己的侧边栏通过文本组件滚动一些文件得到新的软件包）

除了。到目前为止，我所发现的甚至接近我想要做的就是回答这个问题。 （Changing the apperance of a scrollbar in tkinter using ttk styles）

从我能看到的例子只是改变滚动条的背景，并与我仍然无法使用的例子。我在用于配置样式的一行中遇到错误。

style.configure("My.Horizontal.TScrollbar", *style.configure("Horizontal.TScrollbar")) 
TypeError: configure() argument after * must be an iterable, not NoneType 

不知道如何处理这个错误，因为我只是下面的用户例子，我不知道，为什么它为他们工作，但不适合我。

我迄今为止尝试是：

我如何创建我的文本框，并去用它的滚动条。

root.text = Text(root, undo = True) 
root.text.grid(row = 0, column = 1, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, padx =(5,5), pady =(5,5), sticky = W+E+N+S) 
root.text.config(bg = pyFrameColor, fg = "white", font=('times', 16)) 
root.text.config(wrap=NONE) 
vScrollBar = tkinter.Scrollbar(root, command=root.text.yview) 
hScrollBar = tkinter.Scrollbar(root, orient = HORIZONTAL, command=root.text.xview) 
vScrollBar.grid(row = 0, column = 2, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, padx =1, pady =1, sticky = E+N+S) 
hScrollBar.grid(row = 1 , column = 1, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, padx =1, pady =1, sticky = S+W+E) 
root.text['yscrollcommand'] = vScrollBar.set 
root.text['xscrollcommand'] = hScrollBar.set 

继文档here我的下面的尝试似乎没有做任何事情在Windows机器上。正如我在其他文章中所读到的，这与滚动条从Windows获得其主题本身有关。

vScrollBar.config(bg = mainBGcolor) 
vScrollBar['activebackground'] = mainBGcolor 
hScrollBar.config(bg = mainBGcolor) 
hScrollBar['activebackground'] = mainBGcolor 

我想这一切归结为：

是否有可能创建自己的工具条（颜色我可以为每个主题更改），而不需要导入其他Python包？如果是这样，我应该在哪里开始或可有人请联系我的文档，我的搜索总是缝领我回Tkinter scrollbar信息。由于这些config（）选项可以为linux工作，所以它们不适用于windows。

Answer 1

不是一个完整的答案，但你有没有考虑创建自己的滚动条极为相象：

import tkinter as tk 

class MyScrollbar(tk.Canvas): 
    def __init__(self, master, *args, **kwargs): 
     if 'width' not in kwargs: 
      kwargs['width'] = 10 
     if 'bd' not in kwargs: 
      kwargs['bd'] = 0 
     if 'highlightthickness' not in kwargs: 
      kwargs['highlightthickness'] = 0 
     self.command = kwargs.pop('command') 

     tk.Canvas.__init__(self, master, *args, **kwargs) 

     self.elements = { 'button-1':None, 
          'button-2':None, 
          'trough':None, 
          'thumb':None} 

     self._oldwidth = 0 
     self._oldheight = 0 

     self._sb_start = 0 
     self._sb_end = 1 

     self.bind('<Configure>', self._resize) 
     self.tag_bind('button-1', '<Button-1>', self._button_1) 
     self.tag_bind('button-2', '<Button-1>', self._button_2) 
     self.tag_bind('trough', '<Button-1>', self._trough) 

     self._track = False 
     self.tag_bind('thumb', '<ButtonPress-1>', self._thumb_press) 
     self.tag_bind('thumb', '<ButtonRelease-1>', self._thumb_release) 
     self.tag_bind('thumb', '<Leave>', self._thumb_release) 

     self.tag_bind('thumb', '<Motion>', self._thumb_track) 

    def _sort_kwargs(self, kwargs): 
     for key in kwargs: 
      if key in ['buttontype', 'buttoncolor', 'troughcolor', 'thumbcolor', 'thumbtype']: 
       self._scroll_kwargs[key] = kwargs.pop(key) # add to custom dict and remove from canvas dict 
     return kwargs 

    def _resize(self, event): 
     width = self.winfo_width() 
     height = self.winfo_height() 
#  print("canvas: (%s, %s)" % (width, height)) 
     if self.elements['button-1']: # exists 
      if self._oldwidth != width: 
       self.delete(self.elements['button-1']) 
       self.elements['button-1'] = None 
      else: 
       pass 
     if not self.elements['button-1']: # create 
      self.elements['button-1'] = self.create_oval((0,0,width, width), fill='#006cd9', outline='#006cd9', tag='button-1') 


     if self.elements['button-2']: # exists 
      coords = self.coords(self.elements['button-2']) 
      if self._oldwidth != width: 
       self.delete(self.elements['button-2']) 
       self.elements['button-2'] = None 
      elif self._oldheight != height: 
       self.move(self.elements['button-2'], 0, height-coords[3]) 
      else: 
       pass 
     if not self.elements['button-2']: # create 
      self.elements['button-2'] = self.create_oval((0,height-width,width, height), fill='#006cd9', outline='#006cd9', tag='button-2') 

     if self.elements['trough']: # exists 
      coords = self.coords(self.elements['trough']) 
      if (self._oldwidth != width) or (self._oldheight != height): 
       self.delete(self.elements['trough']) 
       self.elements['trough'] = None 
      else: 
       pass 
     if not self.elements['trough']: # create 
      self.elements['trough'] = self.create_rectangle((0,int(width/2),width, height-int(width/2)), fill='#00468c', outline='#00468c', tag='trough') 

     self.set(self._sb_start, self._sb_end) # hacky way to redraw thumb 
     self.tag_raise('thumb') # ensure thumb always on top of trough 

     self._oldwidth = width 
     self._oldheight = height 

    def _button_1(self, event): 
     self.command('scroll', -1, 'pages') 
     return 'break' 

    def _button_2(self, event): 
     self.command('scroll', 1, 'pages') 
     return 'break' 

    def _trough(self, event): 
     width = self.winfo_width() 
     height = self.winfo_height() 

     size = (self._sb_end - self._sb_start)/1 

     thumbrange = height - width 
     thumbsize = int(thumbrange * size) 
     thumboffset = int(thumbrange * self._sb_start) + int(width/2) 

     thumbpos = int(thumbrange * size/2) + thumboffset 
     if event.y < thumbpos: 
      self.command('scroll', -1, 'pages') 
     elif event.y > thumbpos: 
      self.command('scroll', 1, 'pages') 
     return 'break' 

    def _thumb_press(self, event): 
     print("thumb press: (%s, %s)" % (event.x, event.y)) 
     self._track = True 

    def _thumb_release(self, event): 
     print("thumb release: (%s, %s)" % (event.x, event.y)) 
     self._track = False 

    def _thumb_track(self, event): 
     if self._track: 
#   print("*"*30) 
      print("thumb: (%s, %s)" % (event.x, event.y)) 
      width = self.winfo_width() 
      height = self.winfo_height() 

#   print("window size: (%s, %s)" % (width, height)) 

      size = (self._sb_end - self._sb_start)/1 
#   print('size: %s' % size) 
      thumbrange = height - width 
#   print('thumbrange: %s' % thumbrange) 
      thumbsize = int(thumbrange * size) 
#   print('thumbsize: %s' % thumbsize) 
      clickrange = thumbrange - thumbsize 
#   print('clickrange: %s' % clickrange) 
      thumboffset = int(thumbrange * self._sb_start) + int(width/2) 
#   print('thumboffset: %s' % thumboffset) 

      thumbpos = int(thumbrange * size/2) + thumboffset 

#   print("mouse point: %s" % event.y) 
#   print("thumbpos: %s" % thumbpos) 

      point = (event.y - (width/2) - (thumbsize/2))/clickrange 
#   point = (event.y - (width/2))/(thumbrange - thumbsize) 
#   print(event.y - (width/2)) 
#   print(point) 
      if point < 0: 
       point = 0 
      elif point > 1: 
       point = 1 
#   print(point) 
      self.command('moveto', point) 
      return 'break' 

    def set(self, *args): 
     oldsize = (self._sb_end - self._sb_start)/1 

     self._sb_start = float(args[0]) 
     self._sb_end = float(args[1]) 

     size = (self._sb_end - self._sb_start)/1 

     width = self.winfo_width() 
     height = self.winfo_height() 

     if oldsize != size: 
      self.delete(self.elements['thumb']) 
      self.elements['thumb'] = None 

     thumbrange = height - width 
     thumbsize = int(thumbrange * size) 
     thumboffset = int(thumbrange * self._sb_start) + int(width/2) 

     if not self.elements['thumb']: # create 
      self.elements['thumb'] = self.create_rectangle((0, thumboffset,width, thumbsize+thumboffset), fill='#4ca6ff', outline='#4ca6ff', tag='thumb') 
     else: # move 
      coords = self.coords(self.elements['thumb']) 
      if (thumboffset != coords[1]): 
       self.move(self.elements['thumb'], 0, thumboffset-coords[1]) 
     return 'break' 

if __name__ == '__main__': 
    root = tk.Tk() 
    lb = tk.Listbox(root) 
    lb.pack(side='left', fill='both', expand=True) 
    for num in range(0,100): 
     lb.insert('end', str(num)) 

    sb = MyScrollbar(root, width=50, command=lb.yview) 
    sb.pack(side='right', fill='both', expand=True) 

    lb.configure(yscrollcommand=sb.set) 
    root.mainloop() 

我已经离开我的意见中，对我的生活中，我似乎无法获得点击和拖动拇指正常工作，但它的一个简单的滚动，具有以下特点：

• 向上和向下可着色
• 拇指和波谷，可以单独着色
按钮

import tkinter as tk 

class MyScrollbar(tk.Canvas): 
    def __init__(self, master, *args, **kwargs): 
     self._scroll_kwargs = { 'command':None, 
           'orient':'vertical', 
           'buttontype':'round', 
           'buttoncolor':'#006cd9', 
           'troughcolor':'#00468c', 
           'thumbtype':'rectangle', 
           'thumbcolor':'#4ca6ff', 
           } 

     kwargs = self._sort_kwargs(kwargs) 
     if self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical': 
      if 'width' not in kwargs: 
       kwargs['width'] = 10 
     elif self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal': 
      if 'height' not in kwargs: 
       kwargs['height'] = 10 
     else: 
      raise ValueError 
     if 'bd' not in kwargs: 
      kwargs['bd'] = 0 
     if 'highlightthickness' not in kwargs: 
      kwargs['highlightthickness'] = 0 

     tk.Canvas.__init__(self, master, *args, **kwargs) 

     self.elements = { 'button-1':None, 
          'button-2':None, 
          'trough':None, 
          'thumb':None} 

     self._oldwidth = 0 
     self._oldheight = 0 

     self._sb_start = 0 
     self._sb_end = 1 

     self.bind('<Configure>', self._resize) 
     self.tag_bind('button-1', '<Button-1>', self._button_1) 
     self.tag_bind('button-2', '<Button-1>', self._button_2) 
     self.tag_bind('trough', '<Button-1>', self._trough) 

     self._track = False 
     self.tag_bind('thumb', '<ButtonPress-1>', self._thumb_press) 
     self.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', self._thumb_release) 
#  self.bind('<Leave>', self._thumb_release) 

     self.bind('<Motion>', self._thumb_track) 

    def _sort_kwargs(self, kwargs): 
     to_remove = [] 
     for key in kwargs: 
      if key in [ 'buttontype', 'buttoncolor', 'buttonoutline', 
         'troughcolor', 'troughoutline', 
         'thumbcolor', 'thumbtype', 'thumboutline', 
         'command', 'orient']: 
       self._scroll_kwargs[key] = kwargs[key] # add to custom dict 
       to_remove.append(key) 

     for key in to_remove: 
      del kwargs[key] 
     return kwargs 

    def _get_colour(self, element): 
     if element in self._scroll_kwargs: # if element exists in settings 
      return self._scroll_kwargs[element] 
     if element.endswith('outline'): # if element is outline and wasn't in settings 
      return self._scroll_kwargs[element.replace('outline', 'color')] # fetch default for main element 

    def _width(self): 
     return self.winfo_width() - 2 # return width minus 2 pixes to ensure fit in canvas 

    def _height(self): 
     return self.winfo_height() - 2 # return height minus 2 pixes to ensure fit in canvas 

    def _resize(self, event): 
     width = self._width() 
     height = self._height() 
     if self.elements['button-1']: # exists 
      # delete element if vertical scrollbar and width changed 
      # or if horizontal and height changed, signals button needs to change 
      if (((self._oldwidth != width) and (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical')) or 
       ((self._oldheight != height) and (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal'))): 
       self.delete(self.elements['button-1']) 
       self.elements['button-1'] = None 
     if not self.elements['button-1']: # create 
      size = width if (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical') else height 
      rect = (0,0,size, size) 
      fill = self._get_colour('buttoncolor') 
      outline = self._get_colour('buttonoutline') 
      if (self._scroll_kwargs['buttontype'] == 'round'): 
       self.elements['button-1'] = self.create_oval(rect, fill=fill, outline=outline, tag='button-1') 
      elif (self._scroll_kwargs['buttontype'] == 'square'): 
       self.elements['button-1'] = self.create_rectangle(rect, fill=fill, outline=outline, tag='button-1') 

     if self.elements['button-2']: # exists 
      coords = self.coords(self.elements['button-2']) 
      # delete element if vertical scrollbar and width changed 
      # or if horizontal and height changed, signals button needs to change 
      if (((self._oldwidth != width) and (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical')) or 
       ((self._oldheight != height) and (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal'))): 
       self.delete(self.elements['button-2']) 
       self.elements['button-2'] = None 
      # if vertical scrollbar and height changed button needs to move 
      elif ((self._oldheight != height) and (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical')): 
       self.move(self.elements['button-2'], 0, height-coords[3]) 
      # if horizontal scrollbar and width changed button needs to move 
      elif ((self._oldwidth != width) and (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal')): 
       self.move(self.elements['button-2'], width-coords[2], 0) 
     if not self.elements['button-2']: # create 
      if (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical'): 
       rect = (0,height-width,width, height) 
      elif (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal'): 
       rect = (width-height,0,width, height) 
      fill = self._get_colour('buttoncolor') 
      outline = self._get_colour('buttonoutline') 
      if (self._scroll_kwargs['buttontype'] == 'round'): 
       self.elements['button-2'] = self.create_oval(rect, fill=fill, outline=outline, tag='button-2') 
      elif (self._scroll_kwargs['buttontype'] == 'square'): 
       self.elements['button-2'] = self.create_rectangle(rect, fill=fill, outline=outline, tag='button-2') 

     if self.elements['trough']: # exists 
      coords = self.coords(self.elements['trough']) 
      # delete element whenever width or height changes 
      if (self._oldwidth != width) or (self._oldheight != height): 
       self.delete(self.elements['trough']) 
       self.elements['trough'] = None 
     if not self.elements['trough']: # create 
      if (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical'): 
       rect = (0, int(width/2), width, height-int(width/2)) 
      elif (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal'): 
       rect = (int(height/2), 0, width-int(height/2), height) 
      fill = self._get_colour('troughcolor') 
      outline = self._get_colour('troughoutline') 
      self.elements['trough'] = self.create_rectangle(rect, fill=fill, outline=outline, tag='trough') 

     self.set(self._sb_start, self._sb_end) # hacky way to redraw thumb without moving it 
     self.tag_raise('thumb') # ensure thumb always on top of trough 

     self._oldwidth = width 
     self._oldheight = height 

    def _button_1(self, event): 
     command = self._scroll_kwargs['command'] 
     if command: 
      command('scroll', -1, 'pages') 
     return 'break' 

    def _button_2(self, event): 
     command = self._scroll_kwargs['command'] 
     if command: 
      command('scroll', 1, 'pages') 
     return 'break' 

    def _trough(self, event): 
#  print('trough: (%s, %s)' % (event.x, event.y)) 
     width = self._width() 
     height = self._height() 

     coords = self.coords(self.elements['trough']) 

     if (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical'): 
      trough_size = coords[3] - coords[1] 
     elif (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal'): 
      trough_size = coords[2] - coords[0] 
#  print('trough size: %s' % trough_size) 

     size = (self._sb_end - self._sb_start)/1 
     if (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical'): 
      thumbrange = height - width 
     elif (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal'): 
      thumbrange = width - height 
     thumbsize = int(thumbrange * size) 

     if (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical'): 
      thumboffset = int(thumbrange * self._sb_start) + int(width/2) 
     elif (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal'): 
      thumboffset = int(thumbrange * self._sb_start) + int(height/2) 
     thumbpos = int(thumbrange * size/2) + thumboffset 

     command = self._scroll_kwargs['command'] 
     if command: 
      if (((self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical') and (event.y < thumbpos)) or 
       ((self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal') and (event.x < thumbpos))): 
       command('scroll', -1, 'pages') 
      elif (((self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical') and (event.y > thumbpos)) or 
       ((self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal') and (event.x > thumbpos))): 
       command('scroll', 1, 'pages') 
     return 'break' 

    def _thumb_press(self, event): 
     self._track = True 

    def _thumb_release(self, event): 
     self._track = False 

    def _thumb_track(self, event): 
#  print('track') 
     if self._track: 
      width = self._width() 
      height = self._height() 
#   print("window size: (%s, %s)" % (width, height)) 

      size = (self._sb_end - self._sb_start)/1 

      coords = self.coords(self.elements['trough']) 
#   print('trough coords: %s' % coords) 

      if (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical'): 
       trough_size = coords[3] - coords[1] 
       thumbrange = height - width 
      elif (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal'): 
       trough_size = coords[2] - coords[0] 
       thumbrange = width - height 
#   print('trough size: %s' % trough_size) 

      thumbsize = int(thumbrange * size) 

      if (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical'): 
       pos = max(min(trough_size, event.y - coords[1] - (thumbsize/2)), 0) 
      elif (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal'): 
       pos = max(min(trough_size, event.x - coords[0] - (thumbsize/2)), 0) 

#   print('pos: %s' % pos) 

      point = pos/trough_size 
#   print('point: %s' % point) 

      command = self._scroll_kwargs['command'] 
      if command: 
       command('moveto', point) 
      return 'break' 

    def set(self, *args): 
#  print('set: %s' % str(args)) 
     oldsize = (self._sb_end - self._sb_start)/1 

     self._sb_start = float(args[0]) 
     self._sb_end = float(args[1]) 

     size = (self._sb_end - self._sb_start)/1 

     width = self._width() 
     height = self._height() 

     if oldsize != size: 
      self.delete(self.elements['thumb']) 
      self.elements['thumb'] = None 

     if (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical'): 
      thumbrange = height - width 
      thumboffset = int(thumbrange * self._sb_start) + int(width/2) 
     elif (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal'): 
      thumbrange = width - height 
      thumboffset = int(thumbrange * self._sb_start) + int(height/2) 
     thumbsize = int(thumbrange * size) 

     if not self.elements['thumb']: # create 
      if (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical'): 
       rect = (0, thumboffset,width, thumbsize+thumboffset) 
      elif (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal'): 
       rect = (thumboffset, 0, thumbsize+thumboffset, height) 
      fill = self._get_colour('thumbcolor') 
      outline = self._get_colour('thumboutline') 
      if (self._scroll_kwargs['thumbtype'] == 'round'): 
       self.elements['thumb'] = self.create_oval(rect, fill=fill, outline=outline, tag='thumb') 
      elif (self._scroll_kwargs['thumbtype'] == 'rectangle'): 
       self.elements['thumb'] = self.create_rectangle(rect, fill=fill, outline=outline, tag='thumb') 
     else: # move 
      coords = self.coords(self.elements['thumb']) 
      if (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'vertical'): 
       if (thumboffset != coords[1]): 
        self.move(self.elements['thumb'], 0, thumboffset-coords[1]) 
      elif (self._scroll_kwargs['orient'] == 'horizontal'): 
       if (thumboffset != coords[1]): 
        self.move(self.elements['thumb'], thumboffset-coords[0], 0) 
     return 'break' 

if __name__ == '__main__': 
    root = tk.Tk() 
    root.grid_rowconfigure(1, weight=1) 
    root.grid_columnconfigure(1, weight=1) 

    root.grid_rowconfigure(3, weight=1) 
    root.grid_columnconfigure(3, weight=1) 

    lb = tk.Listbox(root) 
    lb.grid(column=1, row=1, sticky="nesw") 
    for num in range(0,100): 
     lb.insert('end', str(num)*100) 

    sby1 = MyScrollbar(root, width=50, command=lb.yview) 
    sby1.grid(column=2, row=1, sticky="nesw") 

    sby2 = MyScrollbar(root, width=50, command=lb.yview, buttontype='square', thumbtype='round') 
    sby2.grid(column=4, row=1, sticky="nesw") 

    sbx1 = MyScrollbar(root, height=50, command=lb.xview, orient='horizontal', buttoncolor='red', thumbcolor='orange', troughcolor='green') 
    sbx1.grid(column=1, row=2, sticky="nesw") 

    sbx2 = MyScrollbar(root, height=50, command=lb.xview, orient='horizontal', thumbtype='round') 
    sbx2.grid(column=1, row=4, sticky="nesw") 

    def x_set(*args): 
     sbx1.set(*args) 
     sbx2.set(*args) 

    def y_set(*args): 
     sby1.set(*args) 
     sby2.set(*args) 

    lb.configure(yscrollcommand=y_set, xscrollcommand=x_set) 
    root.mainloop() 

：在滚动部件个

• 轨道运动
• 拇指与滚动区域的大小

编辑

我已经修改了Thumb代码修复单击并拖动滚动调整大小所以我已经修正了计算以确定新滚动位置的位置，并且将轨道和释放事件的缩略标签上的绑定更改为绑定到整个画布上，所以如果用户快速滚动t当鼠标松开时，他的绑定仍然会释放。
我已经注释了光标离开画布时的绑定，因此该行为更接近模仿现有的滚动条，但如果您希望鼠标在离开小部件时停止滚动，则可以重新启用它。
对于创建两个类，上面修改后的代码允许您使用orient关键字，以便您可以放弃此类（使用样式更改）代替默认滚动条，如底部的示例所示。